UASB反应器中影响污泥颗粒化的工程因素郭养浩

。1996422。UASB郭养浩　孟　春　石贤爱　邱宏端　陈剑峰　吴　陵(　　350002)　　、(UASB)。:、,。。。,。、、UASB。　UASB,,,,。(Upflowanaerobicsludgebed,UASB)、。,UASB。,UASB,,。。[1～3]。[4～5],(ECP)[6],[7][8]。、。。Macleol[9],,。[2],,。UASB,,。,、。,。()、,13(1):76～82,1997ChineseJournalofBiotechnology　　　　　DOI:10.13345/j.cjb.1997.01.014,。1　材料和方法1.1　1.1.1　:、。1.1.2　:UASB,28mm,1000mm。,、、。,,100mm,200mm。30℃。1.1.3　(g/L):1.0;0.1;K2HPO40.1;NH4HCO30.3;Na2CO30.8;。2.0,。1.2　1.2.1　COD:[12]。1.2.2　VSS(Volatilesuspendedsolid):[12]。1.2.3　SVI(Sludgevolomnindex):1g30min[12]。1.2.4　:JEOL、JSM-350F。1.2.5　:TN-5500X。2　结果和讨论1.2　。,,3%～4%。UASB。,30-40d,。DubourguierH.C[4]。,[10],(3b)。,。2.2　(,pH5.5),4。,24h。3d,,,9×108/ml,。,,,。()4,771:UASB,。,1.5g/L0.5g/L,5d,,,6×106/ml。(3.0g/L,1.0g/L),14d,。,pH(pH5.0-8.5)[11]。,(ECP)。,,,,。[5]。,,。,,。2.3　,。1aUASB,,。1b,,。5mm,,,。11()。127d,50d,。,,,。1　Fig.1　Differentflowmodelinbioreactors(a)UASBreactor,　(b)No-sirringreactor。UASB,,。。,COD,。,,,,,UASB,78　　　　　　　　　　13。2.4　UASB,(1)。3,、(2)。,5～12d。,,(2a)。4,7～8d65%,,。15d,0.1～1.0mm,0.0136d-1,VSS(2b)。VSS,。,(2c)30d,4,VSSVSI,。2　Fig.2　Variablecurvesduringsludgegranulation(a)Heightofsludgebed(b)VSS(c)VSI★.◆ExperimentNo.1,■.◆ExperimentalNo.4◆.◆ExperimentNo.51　UASBTable1　OperationconditionsindifferentexperimentsandthegranulationprocessofactivesludgeExperimentNo.12345Sludgeload/g(COD·(d.L)-14.30～8.606.45～12.909.46～18.912.9～25.832.2～64.4Linearflowrate/cmh-16.7712.4015.0020.8450.90Residenttime/h14.810.06.75.01.2＊Sludgegranuleformingtime/d27～3025～3015～2012～1512～15＊＊Sludgegranulematuretime/d5045～5035～4530～3530～35＊:Definedastherunningdayswhenthegranulatedsludgewithdiameterof0.2mmorbiggerismoreabout25%～30%ofthetotalvolumeofsludge.＊＊:Defindeastherunningdayswhenthegranulatedsludgewithdiameterof0.5～3.0mmisabout70%～80%oftheto-talvolumeofsludge.791:UASB2,1,,。525d4,,,、。,。“”“”,1。,USAB,3、45,15d。50dUSAB:34,,1.0mm70%;1,0.5～1.0mm,1.0mm20%,1/3。,。,[2]。。,;,,,。(26g(COD)/d·L-1),,USAB,20cm/h。2.5　。3a,5～50μm,,,,。,,(3b),(3c)。,0.5～1.0μm,。,[10]。,,1～5μm(3d)。2　()Table2　Chemicalcompositionofthesurfacelayerofsludge(atomproposition)SiPSKCaFeSludgebeforegranulation16.5945.3721.665.077.164.15Granule1079.409.1306.435.04Granule2067.5712.322.332.638.04　　TN5500。(2),,Na:Si、P、S、K、CaFe,Si、CaK。,,Si,P。,S、CaFe。2.6　,。80　　　　　　　　　　133　Fig.3　Electralmicroscopeobservationofthemicrosfructureontheouterandinnersurfaceoftheac-tivesludge(a)Sludgewiththeformofsubcore,(b)Outersurfaceofgranulatedsludge,(c)Outersurfaceofgranulatedsludge,(d)Innersurfaceofgranulatedsludge.,,UASB。UASB4:、、。。。,[8]。UASB,,。。,,。,。。。,,。,VSS。。,811:UASB。,VSS,,0.5～3.0mm,。,。。UASB,,,。。。,。,6.7cm/h。UASB:,,[11]。[1]LettingaG,ZehnderAJ.MicrobiologyandTechnology,Netherlands:PudocWageningen,1987,18～33.[2]　,,.,1993,13(5):334～338.[3],　,.,1991,9(2):1～5.[4]DubourgulerHC,PrensierG,AlbagnacG.Proceedingofthe5thInternotionalSymposiumonAnaerobicDigestion.1988.[5],　,　.,1994,34(1):45～54.[6]DlofingJARW,GriffoenZelenhuizenLPTM.CanJMicrobiol,1985,31:744～750.[7]BeeftinkHH,ThesisPh.D.Netherland:UniversityofAmsterdam,1987,39～51.[8]kPKAlibhai,ForsterCF.EnzMicrobioltechnol,1986,3:601～606.[9]Macleod,FAGuiotSR,CostertonJWetal.ApplEnuironMicrobiol,1990,59:1298～1307.[10]　.,1996.[11],,.,1995,22(5):289～292.[12]　,.,,:,1984.EngineeringFactorsAffectingtheFormationofGranularSludgeinUASBReactorGuoYanghao　MengChun　ShiXianai　QiuHongchan　WuLing　ChengJianfung(FuzhouUniversityDepartmentofBiotechnology,Fuzhou　350002)Abstract　Theinfluenceofdifferentinoculumsludgesinvolvingdifferentmicrobialpopulations,dif-ferentflowmodelsofstreaminabioreactoranddifferentflowratesontheformationofgranularsludgewerestudied.Inthegranulationprocesstherewerefourperiods:formationofmicrobialflocs,formationofsubcore,growthofsubcoreandmatureofgranules.Theproductionofmicroflocscouldbeattributedtoacid-formingbacteria.Thedynamictransfercausedbymovingphasesandthehy-draulicsheareffectarethemostimportantfactorsaffectingtheformationofsubcore.Anewconcept,lowestlimittedflowratewasproposed,thatisthelowestflowratetoformtheexpandedsludgebed.Asufficientfeedrate(higherthanthelowestflowrate),anappropriatesludgechargeandanequaldistributionoffeedaswellasasuitablealkalityinmediumarethemainfactorsforthescale-upandprocesscontrolofUASB.Keywords　UASBreactor,granulationofactivesludge,dynamictransferofliquid,lowestflowrate82　　　　　　　　　　13