USB反应器进行生物反硝化的研究现状与应用前景

USB王　怡　彭党聪(,710055)　　USB、,。,USB。　USB　　　　ResearchprogressandapplicationprospectofdenitrificationprocessinanupflowsludgeblanketreactorWangYi　PengDangcong(SchoolofEnvironmentalandMunicipalEngineering,Xi'anUniversityofArchitecture&Technology,Xi'an710055)Abstract　Upflowsludgeblanketreactorisapromisingreactorofnitrogenremovalinwastewatertreatment.ThedevelopmenthistoryandresearchstateofdenitrificationprocessinUSBreactoraresummarizedcompletelyinthispa-per.TheexistingproblemsofdenitrificationprocessinUSBreactoraredescribedatthesametime.Thefutureapplica-tionofdenitrificationprocessinUSBreactorispointedout.Keywords　USBreactor;denitrification;developmenthistory;researchstate;futureapplication:2003-07-10;:2003-09-17:(1971～),,,:。E-mail:[e-mail]　　:(1),,;(2)()。(upflowsludgeblanket,USB),,,。,USB,,()。USB,,USB。2,USB,(),USB。USB、,USB。1　USB,Klapwijk&LettingaMiyaji[1]。2080,Klapwijk[2,3],USB。2090,M.Green[4]。,[5,6]USB,700mg/L。21,,,USB。USB,[4],4gNO-3-N/L·d58Vol.5,No.820048TechniquesandEquipmentforEnvironmentalPollutionControlAug.200487.5%。,。2　USB,、、()。2.1　,,[7]。,。,。USB,。USB2。2.1.1　对颗粒化形成及反应器稳定性的影响VanderHoek[8],USB,,;,。,M.Green[4],1mm82%。Cuero-Lopez[9],USB,,、,,,,,。Hanne[10],,,。2.1.2　对硝酸盐转化途径的影响Akunna[11],,50%;,100%。Wilderer[12],,。,USB,、。,、USB,,USB、。2.2　USB,[1,14],;[10]UASB,。Borzacconi[15]USB,。,。,USB,,[13]。,,,,USB。2.3　USB,。USB,USB。M.Green[4]USB,380～450mg/L,,K.Kratochvil[14]USB8.6%(SS),S.K.Gupta[16],USB17.9%。Borzacconi[15],USB,,,0.12gCa2+/gTSS0.24gCa2+/gTSS,0.14m/h0.76m/h。,Ca2+USB()。,:(1)Ca2+,;(2)Ca2+CaCO3,,。,。S.K.Gupta738　:USB[16],VSS/SS(0.3～0.44),,pH,。Fang[17],VSS/SS0.27。USB,100～300mg/L,VSS/SS0.3[18]。,,,。Fe、Mg。,。2.4　USB,、。2.4.1　性　状,S.K.Gupta[16]:,COD/NO-3-N,,COD/NO3-N,、、,1017～1049kg/m3,Hanne[10]1064～1059kg/m3。46.87～54m/h,18～100m/h[20]。60%0.2～0.5mm,2.6mm;M.Green[4]1mm18%。2.4.2　生物相,,[14,18],。,。,。2.4.3　强　度,,,。Hanne[10]0.1×105N/m2,0.05×105～0.08×105N/m2。K.Kratochvil[14],220J/g,。,。3　USB,。2:1、,COD/NO-3-N[16];2[13]。USB。,。,、。4　4.1　、,USB、、,(、),USB,,。,。4.2　,,BOD,。,,BOD,。,,。,,。1(A),USB,1(B)。,USB,1。745　1.;　　　　　1.;2.;3.　　2.;3.1　Fig.1　Two-stageactivatedsludgesystem4.3　,,,USB,[10,15,16,21]。USB。5　　,USB,;Ca2+,。USB,USB()。USB,,USB。[1]MiyajiY.,KatoK.Biologicaltreatmentofindustrialwastewaterbyusingnitrateasoxygensource.Wat.Res.,1975,(9):95～105[2]KlapwijkA.,JolC.,DonkerH.J.G.W.Theapplicationofanupflowreactorinthedenitrificationstepofbiologicalsewagepurification.Wat.Res.,1979,13:1009～1015[3]KlapwijkA.,HoevenJ.C,M.vander,LettingaG.Biologicaldenitrificationinanupflowsludgeblanketreactor.Wat.Res.,1981,15:1～6[4]M.Green,S.Tarre,M.Schniier,etal.Groundwaterdenitrifi-cationusinganupflowsludgeblanketreactor.Wat.Res.,1994,28(3):631～637[5]JanPeterVanDerHoek,AbrahamKlapwijk.Nitrateremovalfromgroundwater.Wat.Res.,1997,21(8):989～997[6]P.Y.Yang,S.Nitisoravut,JyS.Wu.Nitrateremovalusingamixed-cultureentrappedmicrobialcellimmobilizationprocessunderhighsaltconditions.Wat.Res.,1995,29(6):1525～1532[7]PochanaK.,Keller.Studyoffactorsaffectingsimultaneousni-trificationanddenitrification.Wat.Sci.Technol.,1999,36(6):61～68[8]VanderHoekJ.P.Granulationofdenitrificationsludge.InGranularAnaerobicSludge,MicrobiologyandTechnologyProc.,October,1987[9]Cuero-Lopez,F.M.,Martinez,F.,Gutierrez-Rojas,M.,etal.Effectsofnitrogenloadingrateandcarbonsourceondenitri-ficationandsludgesettleabilityinupflowanaerobicsludgeblan-ket(UASB)reactors.Wat.Sci.Technol.,1999,40(8):123～130[10]HanneVangHendriksen,BirgitteKiaerAhring.Integratedre-movalofnitrateandcarboninanupflowanaerobicsludgeblanketreactor:Operatingperformance.Wat.Res.,1996,30(6):1451～1458[11]AkunnaJ.C,BizeauC.,MolettaR.Nitrateandnitritereduc-tionswithanaerobicsludgeusingglucoseatvariouscarbonsources:Glucose,glycerol,aceticacid,lacticacidandmethanol.Wat.Res.,1993,27:1303～1312[12]WildererP.A.,JonesW.L.,DauU.Competitionindenitrifi-cationsystemsaffectingreductionrateandaccumulationofni-trite.Wat.Res.,1987,21:239～245[13]C.Etchebehere,M.I.Errazquin,A.Cabezas,etal.Sludgebeddevelopmentindenitrifyingreactorsusingdifferentinocu-la-performanceandmicrobiologicalaspects.Wat.Sci.Technol.,2002,45(10):365～370[14]K.Kratochvil.,D.A.J.Wase,C.F.Forster.TheformationandcharacterizationofagranularsludgeinananoxicUSBre-actor.InstitutionofChemicalEngineers,1996,74:73～74[15]BorzacconiL.,OttonelloG.,CastelloE.,etal.Denitrifica-tioninacarbonandnitrogenremovalsystemforleachatetreatment:Performanceofanupflowsludgeblanket(USB)re-actor.Wat.Sci.Technol.,1999,40(8):145～151[16]S.K.Gupta,KhursheedKarim.Anaerobicdegradationofnitro-phenolsbymixedcultureunderdenitrifyingcondition.CriticalTechnologiestotheWorldin21stCentury:PollutionControlandReclamationinProcessIndustries,18～20Sep.,Beijing,P.R.China,2000.351～360[17]FangH.H.P.,ChuiH.K.MaximumCODloadingcapacityinUASBreactorat37℃.J.Environ.Eng.,ASCE,1993,119(1):103～119[18].[].,2002[19]HendriksenH.V.,AhringB.K.Combinedremovalofnitrateandcarboningranularsludge:Substratecompetitionandactiv-ities.AntoinevanLeeuwenhoekJ.Microbiol.,1996,69:33～39[20]SchmidtJ.E.,AhringB.R.Granularsludgeformationinup-flowanaerobicsludgeblanket(UASB)react