白腐菌对芳香化合物的降解及其机制

:1003—6504(1999)03—0008—05*邓耀杰　林　鹿　詹怀宇　　510641　:(Whiterotfungi)。,(Ligninperoxidase)、(Manganese-de-pendentperoxidase)、。(insitubioremediation)。:;　;　:X172　:A*(29607002)、(970545)　　(Whiterotfungi)(bsidiomycetes)。1985,Bumpus[1],(phane-rochaetechrysosporium)(a);,,[2,3,4]。[5,6],,,:(1)(PCBs):(DDT)、、2,4,5-、;(2):1,4-、3,4-;(3):;(4):、2,4-;(5):3,4,3’,4’-;(6)(PAHs):、、、、、、;(7):2,3,7,8-(PCDD);(8):Ⅱ、、;(9):、、、、、、。[7,8],、2,4-D2,4,5-PAHs。1　(Ligninperoxidase,LiP)(Mn-dependentperoxidase,MnP),,,、、(a)(P.chrysosporium)[9];Valli[10]2,4-,2,4-LiP2--1,4-,2--1,4-,LiP2--1,4-,2,5--1,4-,2,5--1,4-,LiPMnP2,5-,1,2,4,5-,;;,,、、、,、,,8　19993　86　19998,[11]。2　LiPMnPFe(Ⅲ)-(Ⅸ)(),LiP(ionizationpo-tential,IP)MnP,(HRP)、(CcP)IP。。2.1　单电子氧化LiPMnPH2O2·OH,·OH,,[12],、、、、,,;,O2,,,Haber-wissH2O2O2,[13]。,LiPVA;,LiPIP≤7.75eVPAHs,、、、(a)。,LiPIP7.75～8.0eV、、、2,7-、、、[14]。(P.chrysosporium)LiP(a),β-[15]。2.2　共代谢:Lajoie[16],(TCE),。PCBPCBPCB,[17,18]。[19],,,,,;,,。LiPMnP,(Electronsource),。2.3　脂肪过氧化MnPMn(Ⅱ)Mn(Ⅲ),[20]。LiPMnP,,(Fluorene),LiP,,(P.chrysosporium),LiPNaVO3,[21]。Mou-gin[22],MnP。MnPIP(=7.55eV)Mn(Ⅱ)+IP,IP≤7.55eVPAHs,IP≥7.80eV,MnPIP≥7.80eV,IP≥7.80eV。,LiP。MnP,9　。3　3.1　LiP的催化机理LiPHRP,Gold[23],LiPHRP,LiPFe(Ⅲ),H2O2LiPⅠ(),LiPⅠLiPⅡ(),LiP,。LiPⅡH2O2,LiPⅢ(Fe(Ⅱ)-O2PFe(Ⅰ)-O2P)。[24],LiPⅠ,LiPⅡ,LiPⅡLiPⅢ。VALiPⅡLiP,,VA[25]。3.2　MnP的催化机理MnP,Mn(Ⅱ)H2O2[26],Mn(Ⅱ)Mn(Ⅲ),Mn(Ⅲ),MnP[27]。MnPMn(Ⅱ),[28]。4　4.1　氮源和碳源的调控LiPMnP,LiPMnP,LiP[29]。,(≤2.4mmol/L)(≤0.01mol/L)LiPMnP[30]。Kirk[31]poly(A)RNAsNorthernLiPmRNA,MnP。[32],,MnPH4,H3。,H5,,[33]。,,LiPMnP,TienMeys[34](P.chrysosporium),LiP。,LiPMnP。[35],BKM-F-1767H2H8。GLG4H21000,H10(GLG5),H8。MnP,(P.chrysosporium)ME-446H20.1%()[36]。,、、[37]。[38,39],MnP,LiPMnP。4.2　cAMP的调控(P.chrysosporium)cAMP,[40],LiPMnPcAMP。4.3　芳香化合物的调控LiPMnP,10　19993　86　19998,LiPMnPH2O2[41],。,LiPMnP,;LiPMnP,[42]。LiPMnP,LiPMnP。4.4　Mn对MnP产生的调控,MnPMn(Ⅱ),Mn(Ⅱ)[43]。WesternMnPMn(Ⅱ),poly(A)RNAsMn(Ⅱ)MnP[44]。Mn(Ⅱ)MnP,Mn(Ⅱ)mnpmRNAAct-DCHM,Mn(Ⅱ)MnP,Mn(Ⅱ)MnPmRNA,Mn(Ⅱ)、。,mnpMREsMn(Ⅱ)mnp,Mn(Ⅱ)Cu-mnp,MnP,[45]。4.5　热激调控Northern[46],Mn(Ⅱ),1h45℃mnp1MnPmRNA。37℃45℃10min,mnp1。Mn(Ⅱ)mnp,,Act-D;37℃1h,mnpmRNA,Mn(Ⅱ)mnp。MnPmnpHSEs。,mnpMn(Ⅱ)MnP,WesternMnP,mnp,mnp5’-。lipHSEs,[47]。5　,:(1),,LiPMnPH2O2·OH,;(2),IP,IP≤7.75eVLiP;IP≥7.75eV;(3)pH,,;(4)CO2,。,,(Insitubiore-mediation)。1　BumpusJA,TienM,WrightD,AustSD.Science,1985,228(7):143411　2　,,,,,.,1996,11(2):63　,,,,,.,1997,18(1):234　,,.,1996,22(4):2405　AustSD.MicrobEcol,1990,20:1976　HammelKE.MarcelDekkerInc.,NewYork,1990,28:41～607　YadavJS,ReddyCA.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1993,59(3):7568　YadavJS,ReadyCA.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1993,59(9):29049　BarrDP,AustSD.EnvironSciTechnol,1994,28:7810　ValliK,GoldMH.JBacteriol,173(1):34511　HammelKE,TardonePJ.Biochemistry,1988,27:656312　GoldMH,AlicM.MicrobiolRev,1993,57(3):60513　MileskiGJ,BumpusJA,JurekMA,AustSD.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1998,54:288514　RoganBW,LararRT.ApplEnzymes.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1996,62(5):159715　KirkTK,LamarRT,GlaserJA.PlenumPress,NewYork,1989,131～13816　LajoieCA,LaytonAC,SaylerGS.ApplEnvironMi-crobiol,1994,60(8):282617　JanssenDB,NeijsselOM.ProceedingsoftheFouthEuropeanCongressonBiotechnology,Amsterdan,Netherland,1987,3:51518　McCaryPL,OmenGS.InEnvironment-Biotechnolo-gyreducingrisksfromenvironmentchemicalsrisksfromenvironmentchemicalsthroughbiotechnology.NewYork:PlenumPress,1987,143～16219　YadavJS,EeddyCA.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1993,59(3):75620　BaoW,FukushimaY,JensenKA,MoenMA,Ham-melKE.FEBSLett,1994,354:2921　MoenMA,HammelKE.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1994,60:195622　MouginC,LangeroC,AstherM,DubocaJ,FrasseP,AsthdM.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1994,61:205623　GoldMH,WarlishiH,ValliK.ACSSympSer,1989,389:12724　KirkTK,FarrellRL.AnnuRewMicrobiol,1987,41:46525　SchoemarkerHE.ReciTravChim,Pays-BasNeth,1990,109:25526　TuorU,WarlishiH,SchoemarkerHE,GoldMH.Biochemistry,1992,31:498627　WarishiH,DunfordHB,MacdonaldID,GoldMH.JBiolChem,1989,264:333528　WarishiH,ValliK,GoldMH.JBiolChem,1992,267:2368829　FarrellRL,MartaghKE,TienM,MoxuchMD,KirkTK.EnzymeMicrobTechnol,1989,11:32230　MeyserP,KirkTK,ZeikusJG.JBacteriol,1978,135:79031　MirkTK,SchultzE,ConnorsWJ,LorenzF,ZeikusJG.ArchMicrobil,1978,117:27732　RochP,BuswellJA,CainRB,OdierE.ApplMicrobi-olBiotechnol,1989,.31:58733　BoominathanK,ReddyCA.MarcelDekkerInc.,NewYork,1992,4:763～82234　TienM,MyerSB.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1990.56:254035　PeaseEA,TienM.JBacteriol,1992,174:353236　StewartP,KerstenP,VandenW,GaskellJ,CullenD.JBacteriol,1992,174:503637　HolzbaurELF.TienM.BiochemBiophysResCom-mun,1988,55:62638　KirkTK,CroanS,TienM,MurtaghKE,FarrellRL.EnzymeMicrobTechnol,1986,8:2739　DosoretzCG,DassSB,ReddyCA,GrethleinHE.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1990,56:342940　BoominathanK,ReddyCA.ProcNatlAcadSciUSA,1992,89:558641　FaisonBD,KirkTK,FarellRL.ApplEnvironMi-crobiol,1986,52:25142　TononF,OdierE.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1998,14:24343　BrownJA,GlennJK,GoldMH.JBacteriol,1990,172:312544　BonnarmeP,JeffriesTW.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1990,56:21045　ImbertJ,CulottaV,FurstP,GedamuL,HamerD.El-sevierSciencePublishingInc.,NewYork,1990,8:139～16446　GodfreyBJ,MayfieldMB,BrownJA,GoldMH.Gene,1990,93:11947　GoldMH,BrownJA,GodfreyBJ,MayfieldMB,WarlishiH,ValliK.ACSSympSer,1991,460:18812　199