不同生态工程及其组合系统除藻效率的比较研究吴振斌

1,1,2,1,1,1,1,2(1.,　430072;2.,　100039):,、、、58,.:0.8m3/(m2·d),;+;,94%;,34%～90%.,-,;.:;;;:X703.1　:A　:0250-3301(2006)02-0241-05:2005-01-18;:2005-03-30:(39925007);(KSCX2-SW-102);“”(2002AA601021):(1957～),,,,、.ComparisonofAlgalRemovalEfficienciesinDifferentEcologicalTreatmentSystemsandTheirCombinationsWUZhen-bin1,WUXiao-hui1,2,FUGui-ping1,CHENGShui-ping1,HEFeng1,DENGPing1,2(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofFreshwaterEcologyandBiotechnology,InstituteofHydrobiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Wuhan430072,China;2.GraduateSchooloftheChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China)Abstract:Thealgalremovalefficienciesandtheirtrendsof8experimentalecologicaltreatmentsystems,whichbelongedto5groups,werestudiedunderdifferenthydraulicloadingrates(HLR).ThealgalremovalefficiencieswerecomparedaccordingtotheseasonalchangesundertheoptimumHLR.Gravel-bedhorizontal-flowwetland,down-flowwetland,up-flowwetland,aerobicpondsorfacultativepondscombinedthesesystems.TheresultsshowthatthebestHLRis0.8m3/(m2·d)inalltheexperimentalsystems.Thesystemsincludingaerobicpondanddown-flowwetlandshowastrongerresistancetohydraulicshockloading,aswellashorizontal-flowwetland.Thealgalremovalratesofallthesystemspeakedtoover94%insummerandbottomedinwinterthatvariedfrom34%to90%.Itwasthecombinedformthatdeterminedtheremovalefficiencyoftheecologicaltreatmentsystems.Thecombinationsystemofdown-flowandup-flowwetlandpresentthehighestcapacityofalgalremovalefficiencyandlowerseasonalfluctuation,whilethegravel-bedhorizontal-flowwetlandsystempresentthelowestefficiencyandhigherseasonalfluctuation.Keywords:ecologicaltreatmentsystem;combination;algae;removalefficiencies　　、,C、N、P、,.、、、、,、、、、.[1]、[2～3],、[4～6],2、.、,,.1　1.1　、、、558,1、2-,3、4,527220062　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.27,No.2Feb.,2006DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2006.02.009、6,7-,8.、、11.1　1Fig.1　Sectionfigureofsmallscaleplot1　　5,:2m×1m,70cm,.:1m×1m,65cm,,2.:1m×1m,50cm,、,3.:2m×1m,0.4m.:2m×1m,1.0m.1.1　Table1　Thetreatmentprocessofthesmall-scaleecologicaltreatmentsystems1)1()※()※()2()※()※()3※()4()※5()※()6()※()7()※()8()1),:(Cannagenaralis)10/m2～12/m2;(Coixlacryma-jobi)4/m2～5/m2;(Acoruscalamus)36/m2～40/m21.2　,:569μs·cm-1,4.01mg·L-1,TSS11.3mg·L-1,CODCr59.5mg·L-1,BOD542.3mg·L-1,TP0.313mg·L-1,NH+4-N40.4mg·L-1,KN8.58mg·L-1,NO-3-N0.103mg·L-1,12760·L-1.GB3838-2002,V.2001-03,(3～4),、、TSS、CODCr、BOD5、TP、KN、NH+4-NNO-3-N.ColeParmer60648,[7].1a,,.1.3　2002-10-28～2002-12-28,,0.6m3/(m2·d),0.8m3/(m2·d)1.0m3/(m2·d).,8,3h.20d.12d(2),,.1.4　TSS、BOD5,.,2003-01、2003-04、2003-072003-10(2),.1.5　3L3L,25,,.(Zeiss)、.1L1L,242　　　　　　27.24h,,30mL.0.1mL0.1mL,(40×16),,[8].2　2.1　、2,,2,,.,,.2、3,,0.8m3/(m2·d);,0.6m3/(m2·d);1.0m3/(m2·d),.TSS、N、P,　　　　　2　1)Table2　AlgaeconcentrationsoftheinflowandoutflowintheexperimentalsystemsbydifferentHLR0.6m3/(m2·d)0.8m3/(m2·d)1.0m3/(m2·d)×105/·L-1/mg·L-1×105/·L-1/mg·L-1×105/·L-1/mg·L-11277.0(39.6)0.828(0.12)60.5(6.8)0.051(0.01)31.2(2.1)0.028(0.01)2248.4(43.4)0.827(0.06)23.9(6.8)0.015(0.01)20.5(5.4)0.017(0.01)3179.1(19.5)0.402(0.09)30.2(5.9)0.023(0)12.7(0.1)0.009(0)4148.8(15.6)0.324(0.02)52.5(3.4)0.031(0.02)36.5(5.9)0.035(0.01)5168.8(19.4)0.723(0.14)23.9(3.3)0.077(0.01)28.7(2.4)0.032(0.02)6150.4(6.4)0.710(0.13)35.0(3.7)0.039(0.01)11.1(2.7)0.015(0)7191.0(19.2)0.799(0.08)27.1(2.5)0.019(0.02)33.4(3.8)0.022(0.01)8304.9(10.6)0.910(0.66)44.6(4.1)0.099(0.04)23.9(1.1)0.027(0.01)749.8(54.3)1.380(0.33)89.2(3.7)0.150(0.03)39.8(3.4)0.041(0.01)1),0.8m3/(m2·d)0.6m3/(m2·d)、1.0m3/(m2·d),,.,,;,,,,,,,,.,38,,..:121,,,.342,1.563,,.7-1,78(2).8,,,,.3:+,3,,;4,,,.+2432　　　　　　,5,.2　Fig.2　RemovalrateofalgaebiomassbydifferentHLR3　Fig.3　RemovalrateofalgaenumberbydifferentHLR2.2　,,,.,(3).:,,,90%;,,,290%,3、4、6、770%,5850%.,80%;,、[9].2:①;②、[10].、:1、58,26.,27.3　/%Table3　Averagealgaeremovalrateofthetreatmentsystemsindifferentseasons/%198.5499.9487.4666.0087.99(15.68)298.5699.9894.7390.0095.82(4.47)372.9999.6685.1784.6785.62(10.92)483.2194.1081.5279.3384.54(6.57)597.8198.7476.3848.6780.40(23.54)699.6499.3088.6174.0090.39(12.07)790.8899.1189.1487.3391.62(5.20)886.3596.3877.8534.0073.65(27.49)　　8,1、2、67,.,2,7,2---,-,TSS、CODCr、BOD5[11].1-,1、7,、2,、,.8,,,TSS[11].43,,244　　　　　　27.,.,,、、,;.,:①;②.、、、、、、、[12].2,,SS、BOD5.,.3　(1)、、、58,,.(2).-;;.(3).0.8m3/(m2·d),.+、,.(4).-,;,.致谢:,、、、、.:[1],,.-[J].,2003,10(3):12～13.[2],,,.-[J].,2000,13(2):15～19.[3],.、[J].,1996,12(1):46～51.[4],,.[J].,2000,24(6):655～658.[5],,,.[J].,1999,5():84～87.[6],,.[J].,1993,19(3):158～160.[7]《》.()[M].:,1989.[8].[M].:,2000.[9]HouseCH,BroomeSW,HooverMT.Treatmentofnitrogenandphosphorusbyaconstructedupland-wetlandwastewatertreatmentsystem[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1994,29(4):177～184.[10]StottmeisterU,WiebnerA,KuschkP,etal.Effectsofplantsandmicroorganismsinconstructedwetlandsforwastewatertreatment[J].BiotechnologyAdvances,2003,22:93～117.[11],,,.[J].,2003,19:12～15.[12].[J].,1995,16(3):83～86.2452