不同填料渗滤系统净化生活污水的效果比较杨健

3711200911()JOURNALOFTONGJIUNIVERSITY(NATURALSCIENCE)Vol.37No.11　Nov.2009:0253-374X(2009)11-1502-06DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0253-374x.2009.11.016:2008-09-23:“”(2007BAK27B05);(04DZ12024):　(1953—),,,,,、、.E-mail:[e-mail]杨　健1,严　群1,2,吴一蘩1,章　吉1(1.,200092;2.,341000):2,1,2,2.26,5cm·d-14,10cm·d-120cm·d-18.10cm·d-1,(COD)、、NH4+-N、180.7%,38.9%,48.7%,43.5%,288.4%,87.2%,98.2%,24.9%;20cm·d-1,1,2COD、、NH4+-N、87.1%,56.1%,98.0%,28.9%,CODNH4+-N,.,.:;;;:X703　:AEffectComparisonofMunicipalWastewaterinDifferentMediumsInfiltrationSystemYANGJian1,YANQun1,2,WUYifan1,ZHANGJi1(1.SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China;2.InstituteofArchitecturalandSurveyEngineering,JiangxiUniversityofScience&Technology,Ganzhou341000,China)Abstract:Twoapparatuswereestablishedinapilotlaboratorywithtwodifferentmediums,ApparatusⅠloadedbypuresoil,ApparatusⅡloadedbysoilandsandindelamination.Theremovaleffectsofcontaminationoftwoapparatuswerecompared.During6months'operation,eachapparatuswasdosed4timesdailywithmunicipalwastewaterat5cm·d-1and8timesat10cm·d-1and20cm·d-1.In10cm·d-1,theremovalefficiencyofChemicalOxygenDemand(COD),TP,NH4+-N,TNwere80.7%,38.9%,48.7%,43.5%inApparatusⅠ,respectively,and88.4%,87.2%,98.2%,24.9%inApparatusⅡ,respectively;in20cm·d-1,theremovalefficiencyofCOD,TP,NH4+-N,TNwere87.1%,56.7%,98.0%,28.9%inApparatusⅡ,respectively;butajamoccurredinApparatusⅠ.TheresultsshowthatthehydraulicpermeabilityofsoilandsandloadedindelaminationapparatusissuperiortothatofApparatusⅠ,andtheCOD,NH4+-NremovalefficiencyofApparatusⅡisperfect.Thehydraulicpermeabilityandanti-blockagecapabilityofsubsurfacewastewaterinfiltrationsystemimprovewhenmediumsareoptimized.Keywords:subsurfacewastewaterinfiltrationsystem;municipalwastewater;soil;sand　　、,、、,、、,[1-2].,,.USEPA[2]0.8～6.6cm·d-1.,、、,,.PellNyberg[3]75cm,6.7cm·d-1,COD()91%;S.Vancuyk[4]1,8.4cm·d-1,COD,NH4+-N、14,0,54mg·L-1,　11　,:　　96.4%,100.0%,4.8%.[5]10%,4cm·d-1,83%69%95%80%.,,USEPA10%,1.0～4.0cm·d-1.,,,,.2,.1　1.1　,1,ρ.1　Tab.1　Contaminantconcentrationofwastewatermg·L-1ρ(COD)ρ()ρ(NH4+-N)ρ()112.0～752.020.1～80.514.9～48.23.2～19.81.2　2,2××1.00m×0.15m×1.00m,1,2、3.1,0.90m;0.147,212.400cm·h-1,,,2,0.20m、0.20m、0.10m、0.30m、0.10m,0.90m,,,2..1　Fig.1　Schematicdiagramofapparatus2　1Fig.2　LoadingschematicdiagramofApparatusⅠ3　2Fig.3　LoadingschematicdiagramofApparatusⅡ1.3　COD、、(),、、--[6].1.4　2,,20054118,,,,,.20cm·d-1,,,2.1503　　　()37　2　Tab.2　Operatingconditionsofexperiments/(cm·d-1)/(·d-1)/(min·-1)/(--)/d154452005-05-09～2005-09-13128254452005-05-06～2005-07-28841108452005-09-14～2005-11-07552108452005-07-29～2005-09-16502208452005-09-17～2005-11-07522　2.1　2.1.1COD24、5.4　1CODFig.4　CODconcentrationandremovaleffectsofApparatusⅠatdifferenthydraulicrates5　2CODFig.5　CODconcentrationandremovaleffectofApparatusⅡatdifferenthydraulicrates4、5,2,160d,215d,.2,,COD112～752mg·L-1,2COD,2.,.USEPA[2]0.8～6.6cm·d-1,1,5cm·d-1,COD,COD50.3mg·L-1,81.7%,,12,2,.2,,,COD27.8mg·L-1,87.5%.,1COD,,20cm·d-1,1,;2COD,20cm·d-1,COD87.1%,2,,COD1.2.1.2　6、7.6、7,10.7mg·L-1,1.9mg·L-1,,66.6%,;2,0.1mg·L-1,97%,;,10cm·d-1,1,33.6%,2,1504　11　,:　　87.2%,;20cm·d-1,2,2.1mg·L-1,56.7%.[3],,2,21.、,,,,,.2,,、,.6　1Fig.6　TheTPconcentrationandremovaleffectsofApparatusⅠatdifferenthydraulicrates7　2Fig.7　TheTPconcentrationandremovaleffectsofApparatusⅡatdifferenthydraulicrates2.1.3　2.1.3.1　NH+4-NNH+4-N8、9.8　1NH+4-NFig.8　TheNH+4-NconcentrationandremovaleffectsofApparatusⅠatdifferenthydraulicrates9　2NH+4-NFig.9　TheNH+4-NconcentrationandremovaleffectsofApparatusⅡatdifferenthydraulicrates,,,;,2.8、9,2,2,;,,.1,,2,70%,2,30d,1.,1,13.7mg·L-1,,1,,1.2,98%,1505　　　()37　,2.23.3　2Tab.3　Thenitratenitrogenconcentrationoftwoapparatus'effluentatdifferenthydraulicrates/(cm·d-1)/(mg·L-1)NO-3-NNO2-N1511.50.222519.60.191104.40.1721028.50.046,1,;,,,,.,,10cm·d-11,,.2,,;,,,,,,.2.1.3.2　10、11.10　1Fig.10　TheTNconcentrationandremovaleffectsofApparatusⅠatdifferenthydraulicrates11　2Fig.11　TheTNconcentrationandremovaleffectsofApparatusⅡatdifferenthydraulicrates10、11,,2,,,2,2.1,.1、221.1,20.2mg·L-1,44.7%,45.7%.,1,、.5cm·d-1,、43.3%,56.7%;10cm·d-1,71.6%,28.4%.,,,,,.2,,,,.2,5cm·d-12,4.1,,50%,,,.2,,,,2,1506　11　,:　　.[7]:①,;②.[8],COD,CODω(TN)=-0.078+0.083ω(COD),r2=0.95(1):ω(TN),ω(COD)COD;r.4　2Tab.4　Compositionproportionofdifferentnitrogenformsintwoapparatus'influentandeffluent/(mg·L-1)/%140.221.0NH4+-N28.79.171.343.311.511.928.756.6238.619.1NH4+-N28.40.473.52.210.218.626.597.7　:“”、、.40mg·L-1,COD482mg·L-1,COD,2,90%,,,.3　(1)1,5cm·d-1,COD、、NH+4-N、80.8%,68.6%,67.0%,44.7%,287.5%,97.9%,98.5%,45.7%,21.(2),10cm·d-1,1COD、、NH+4-N,80.7%,38.9%,48.7%,2COD、、NH+4-N,88.4%,87.2%,98.2%;20cm·d-1,1,2COD、、NH4+-N87.1%,56.1%,98.0%,.(3)2,2,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.:[1]　,.[M].:,1991.GAOZhengmin,LIXianfa.Designmanualoflandtreatmenttreatedmunicipalwastewater[M].Beijing:ChinaStandardPress,1991.[2]　USEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Onsitewastewatertreatmentsystemsmanual[M].Cincinnati:OfficeofWater,OfficeofResearchandDevelopment,USEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,2002.[3]　PellM,NybergF.Infiltrationofwastewaterinanewlystartedpilotsand-filtersystem:II.Develo