超高效厌氧生物反应器能耗特征陈小光

　60　12　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.60　No.12　200912　　CIESC　Journal　　　December　2009陈小光,郑　平,唐崇俭,张　蕾(,310029):,,、、。,。:110.56×10-4W,83.0%,17.0%,。。;,。ρp、ul、Vp、ugdp。:;;;;:X703　　　　　　　:A:0438-1157(2009)12-3097-07Energyconsumptionofsuper-high-rateanaerobicbioreactorCHENXiaoguang,ZHENGPing,TANGChongjian,ZHANGLei(DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,Zhejiang,China)Abstract:Thecharacteristicsofenergyconsumptionofthesuper-high-rateanaerobicbioreactorwereinvestigatedbyusinganaerobicgranularsludgeandsimulatedgasproducedinthelaboratory.Energyconsumptionmodelsfortheseparationunit,reactionunit,waterdistributionunitandthewholereactorwereestablished.Thepredictionsfromthesemodelsagreedwellwiththeexperimentaldata,andthereforethemodelscanbeusedtooptimizetheenergyconsumptionofthesamekindofreactor.Themaximumenergyconsumptioninthewholereactorwas110.56×10-4W,inwhichenergyconsumptionofthereactionunitaccountedfor83.0%,thatofthewaterdistributionunitaccountedfor17.0%,andthatoftheseparationunitwasnegligible.Theenergyconsumptionofthereactionunitofgas-fluid-solidthree-phasewasmorethanthatoffluid-solidtwo-phase.Asforthewholereactor,theenergyconsumptionofthereactionunitwasmorethanthatofthewaterdistributionunitatalowsuperficialliquidvelocity.Onthecontrary,theenergyconsumptionofthewaterdistributionunitwasmorethanthatofthereactionunitatahighsuperficialliquidvelocity.Fromparametricsensitivityanalyses,theenergyconsumptionofthewholereactorwassignificantlyinfluencedbyρp,ul,Vp,uganddp.Keywords:super-high-rate;anaerobicbioreactor;energyconsumptioncharacteristics;energyconsumptionmodel;sensitivityanalyses　　2008-12-22,2009-09-08。:。:(1979—),,。:(2006AA06Z332)。　　　Receiveddate:2008-12-22.Correspondingauthor:Prof.ZHENGPing,[e-mail]:supportedbytheHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(2006AA06Z332).　　Lettinga[1](UASB),(USSB)[2]、(EGSB)[3](IC)[4](ABFR),。,。(OLR),OLR≥40kgCOD·m-3·d-1。[5-6]SPAC,,306gCOD·L-1·d-1,131L·L-1·d-1,COD240g·L-1·d-1,。,。[7]、[8]、[9],。,。1　1.1　1。(0.5%),CO2(NaHCO3+),。1.2　,dp=1.14mm,ρp=1.052g·cm-3,3,1500ml、2500ml3500ml,;0～1.832mm·s-1,;0～0.252mm·s-1,。28000ml,20000ml,7850ml,ε0=0.38,μ=8.6×10-3g·cm-1·s-1,ρl=1.000g·cm-3,1　Fig.1　Sketchofexperimentalapparatus1—tankforsaturatedNaHCO3;2—tankforH2SO4(0.5%);3—pump;4—reactor;5—value;6—L-typetube;7—waterseal;8—wetgas-flowmeter　CO2ρg=1.96×10-3g·cm-3。:D0=8mm,D1=100mm,D2=180mm,D3=280mm,D1-1=50mm,H0=1000mm,Hab=160mm,Hbc=140mm,Hfh=56mm,Hfi=30mm,θ=60°。1.3　:LeicaDFC300FX,LeicaQwin;:,500r·min-110min,,;:,;:BT300-1J,;:RSD0.5,;:NDJ-1;:L。2　,(3—5)、(2—3)(1—2),2(Ⅰ)。,·3098·　　　　　60　2　Fig.2　Structuralsketchofreactor　ΔE=QΔP(1)　Q,cm3·s-1;ΔP,Pa。2.1　,,,。2(Ⅱ),(3—5)abbc。ab,;bc,,。4—4,,,。,ΔP3-5=ρlξabu2l2+ρlξ4-4u24-42(2)　ρl,g·cm-3;ul,mm·s-1;ξabab;ξ4-44—4,ξ4-4=0.51-AbA4-4,Ab=π4D23-D22,A4-4=π4D23。(1)(2),,u4-4=ulD21D23-D22Q=ulAΔE3-5=12ρlAξab+D22D414D23D23-D222u3l(3)(3),,,D1、D2D3。ab,[10]ξab=0.706,ρl=1.000g·cm-3、A=78.5cm2、D1=100mm、D2=180mmD3=280mm,(3)ΔE3-5=2.79×10-9u3l。,(ul=1.832mm·s-1),1.72×10-8W,。,,。2.2　2.2.1　反应单元能耗模型　,,Ergun[11]ΔP2-3=H2-3150(1-ε0)2ε30d2pμul+1.75(1-ε30)ε30dpρlu2l(4)　ε0;μ,g·cm-1·s-1;dp,mm;H2—3,mm。,,ΔP2-3f,ls=msAρp(ρp-ρf)g(5)ρf=εlρl+εgρgεl+εg(6)　ms,kg;ρf,g·cm-3,ρf=ρl。(6)εgBuffiere[12](7),(8)。εg=0.098ul/10-0.98ug/100.7(7)εg+εl+εs=1(8)εl[13],,εl=ul-kugvi1/n1-εg-kεg1-(1/n)+kεg(9)　n;k,(10)[13]。k=0.398ul/100.246ug/10-0.646(10)·3099·　12　　:viD,mm·s-1,(11)vi=ut10-dp/D(11)　ut(D),mm·s-1。(9)ugεg,ul=viεnl(12)(12)n(11)ut(13)(14)。4.8-nn-2.4=0.043Ga0.571-1.24dpD0.24(13)ut=μlρldp(2.33Ga0.018-1.53Ga-0.016)13.3(14)　GaGalileo,Ga=ρld3pρp-ρfgμ2。(1)、(4)、(5),ΔE2-3u=150Vp1-ε0d2pε30μu2l+1.75Vpdpε30ρu3l,0ul≤umf(15)ΔE2-3f=Vpρp-ρfgul,　　umful≤usf(16)　umf,mm·s-1;usf,mm·s-1;Vp,ml。(15)(16),umf=ε30d2pρp-ρlg150μ1-ε0(17)2.2.2　不同含泥量对反应单元能耗的影响　,ρf=ρl,,(18),(16)(19),umf=0.454mm·s-1。(20),V=7850mlε0=0.38,4867ml。38。,。1、20.120mm·s-1、0.355mm·s-1,umf,。,,(18)。Vp=4867mlumf=0.454mm·s-1,1.13×10-4W。3～8,。,,(19)。Vp=4867mlul=1.832mm·s-1,4.54×10-4W,4。,8,,,1.13×10-4～4.54×10-4W。,(5)(ρf=0),,(1)91.75×10-4W。3　Fig.3　Energydissipationofreactionunitvarieswithgranularsludgevolume　ΔE2-3u=1.1216×10-7u2lVp+0.02798×10-7u3lVp(18)ΔE2-3f=0.5096×10-7ulVp(19)Vp,max=V1-ε0(20)2.2.3　不同表观液速对反应单元能耗的影响　4。3,。,(4),,(18),;(4),(19)。(,),。0～1.832mm·s-1,3,0～1.40×10-4、0～2.33×10-4·3100·　　　　　60　4　Fig.4　Energydissipationofreactionunitvarieswithsuperficialliquidvelocity　0～3.27×10-4W。2.2.4　不同表观气速对反应单元能耗的影响　,ρf,(16)(6)～(14)。53(ug0.098、0.1280.252mm·s-1)。,,。(ug0),,。(16),。,。5　Fig.5　Varietyofenergydissipationofreactionunitwithgasproduction(16)4(6)。,,,。(16),Vp=4867ml,ul=1.832mm·s-1,ug=2.0mm·s-1,12.00×10-4W。(4.54×10-4W)。,。6　Fig.6　Energydissipationofreactionunitvarieswithsuperficialgasvelocity　2.3　、、。0—0′、0—11—2,ΔP1-2=ρlξ0-0′+ξ0′-1u202+ρlξ1-2u21-12+ρlλLedeu2l2(21)　ξ0-0′;ξ0′-1,ξ0′-1=1-A0A1-12,A0=π4D20,A1-1=π4D21-1;u1-11—1,mm·s-1;ξ1-21-2;λ;Le,mm;de,mm。(21)u1-1ulu0,。(1)(21),,u0=ulD21D20Q=ulA,ψ,·3101·　12　　:ΔE1-2=12ψρlAξ0-0′+1-D20D21-12D1D04u3l(22),ξ0-0′[10]1.1,ρl=1.000g·cm-3、A=78.5cm2、D0=8mm、D1=100mm、D1-1=50mm,(22)(7)。,,R2=0.972,ψ=1.56,(23),。,,。(22),D0,1/16。,,,,。(23),(ul=0～