巢湖蓝藻死亡衰败过程中典型有害成分形成及控制对策李永慧

J．LakeSci．2012244513-518http//[e-mail]2012byJournalofLakeSciences*＊＊230601、、．、A、、．．3．．、．Formationandcontroloftheharmfulingredientsduringthedecayingprocessofcya-nobacteriafromLakeChaohuLIYonghuiLIYuchengWANGNing＆WUJuanSchoolofResourcesandEnvironmentalEngineeringAnhuiUniversityHefei230601P．R．ChinaAbstractCyanobacteriaafteroutbreakandbeingrandomlydistributedproducedmicrocystinspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsharmfulgasesandothertoxicsubstances．InthispapertheprocessofcyanobacteriadecayingwassimulatedinlaboratoryandthechangesoforganicelementschloroformextractsAsaturatedhydrocarbonsandaromatichydrocarbonduringdecayingofcyanobac-teriahadbeensurveyed．Onthisbasiswediscussedthecountermeasureofaromatichydrocarbonsandothertoxicsubstancespro-ducedfromtheaccumulationcyanobacteria．Resultsshowedthatafter1-monthaerobicand1-monthanaerobicdecayingthecon-tentsoftotalaromaticsandpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsincyanobacteriaweredecreasedtothelowest．Besidestheanaerobictreatmentincreasedthecontentoftotalaromaticsslightly．Thelongertheactiontimeofaerobicthehighercontentofsaturatedhy-drocarbonsandtothehighestincyanobacteriaafter3-monthaerobicdecaying．N-alkaneswilloccurrelativelystrongC-Cbondcleavageprocessmainlygeneratedsmallmoleculesgaseoushydrocarbons．Thereforewearguedthatthecyanobacteriawhichaf-ter1-monthaerobicand1-monthanaerobicdecayingwasmoresuitablefororganicfertilizerresourceutilizationinapoolthenthegascollectedforcombustionthecyanobacteriaafter3-monthaerobicdecayingwasmoresuitableforbio-energy．Accordinglyweproposedthatmonitoringthehumificationprocessandtocontroltheformationofharmfulingredientsrelyingonthefluorescencein-tensityofphycobiliproteinandchlorophyll．KeywordsCyanobacteriadecayingsaturatedhydrocarbonsaromatichydrocarbonsLakeChaohucontrol1．2010《》Ⅴ2．、3＊＊＊40972092411721[e-mail][e-mail]．20122444．、、PAHsH2S、NH3、5．6-78-9．、、10．11．．．11．11．1．131°67'N117°34'E2010pH8．83DO7．42mg/LCODMn4．58mg/LNH3-N0．36mg/L．98．6%98%Microcystis．1．1．2Alcaligenesfaecalis、Nitrosomonassp．、Thiobacil-lusthioparusKlebsiellasp．、Acinetobactercalcoaceticus10-11．．1．1．3、、11、、12-13．1．21．2．1140L30L83．．30±2℃．、、1、、、．1．2．261．＜803120min×3．31．1．2．3GB/T18606-200114Q/SHWX0008-200615．GC-4000．47．1×10－2CH4、1．99×10－2H2、25×10－2CO2、4×10－2H2SN2．TDX-0160～801m3mm5A60～802m3mm．50℃100℃100℃．H250ml/min．TCD110mA．1ml．5151Tab．1Thedecayingprocessofcyanobacteria7d117d1～10d11～20d21～30d3d331211～15d16～30d3d、11122．12Tab．2ThechangeoforganicelementsindifferentdecayingcyanobacteriasamplesWC/%WH/%WO/%WN/%WS/%44．427．1833．799．340．4944．399．1134．156．660．38143．919．1833．586．050．34343．589．6133．945．420．3342．689．9633．995．590．3141．017．0137．196．420．59、、15．C、H、O2%2C、H、O．1N、S40%．N、SNH3、N2、H2S815-17SH2S．10d1ml．NH3H2S．CCH4、CO2N280%3．3Tab．3Thechangeofgascontentincyanobacteriaanaerobicdecayingprocess20d30d40d50dN280．68%97．22%97．69%96．48%CH4+CO20．1273%0．1981%0．2018%0．2138%2．2．A4、18．1、18-19．358．32%．516J．LakeSci．2012244．2．2．1324．07%413．4mg/gDW．3、18-19．60．66%42．98%5．1．2．2．21．11mg/gDW、14Tab．4ThecontentsandcompositionsoforganicsincyanobacteriadecayingprocessA/%/%/%/%/%1．964．875．6447．6928．9712．002．345．1538．0741．03113．342．402．2659．2722．6235．5624．072．6018．7616．5211．982．434．7340．0339．393．078．143．5526．8634．081．09mg/gDW．5．67mg/gDW．2%～6%41．09～5．67mg/gDW98．6%10．9～5Tab．5ThecompositionsandcontentsofthePAHsinfreshcyanobacteriaandafter1-monthaerobicand1-monthanaerobictreatmentcyanobacteria/μg/gDW/μg/gDW42．7550．843-5．143-2．852-6．962-4．009-4．199-2．771-3．441-2．5135-1．7435-1．5027-1．5527-1．43210-4．44210-3．9925-2．3325-2．0317-2．0617-2．0123-1．0923-0．8319-0．8519-0．7218-0．5018-0．4710．799．3833．5412-0．301．932-+3-1．50128．6485．6356．7μg/gDWLong204022ng/g44792ng/g．．．、、．、5．EPA、5．、．．517、、21-22．2．2．3、、2324-2530%～50%．＞＞＞3＞＞＞．3N、P26．．、．EPA27NH3、H2S、9CCH4NH3、H2S、．3．．、、、28、29、30．11．、．41．．2003154377-384．2．．20081410101-102．3．．200417190-94．4．．2009735-37．5．、、．2007273341-345．6HargreavesJCAdlMSWarmanPR．Areviewoftheuseofcompostedmunicipalsolidwasteinagriculture．AgricultureEcosystems＆Environment20081231/2/31-14．7．．2003222252-256．8．．2009．9．．2009．10．．1988．11．．2011391710348-10352．12．．1999．518J．LakeSci．201224413．．201027434-39．14-．GB/T18606—2001．15———．SH/T0693—2000．16HarveyHRTuttleJHBellJT．KineticsofphytoplanktondecayduringsimulatedsedimentationChangesinbiochemicalcompositionandmicrobialactivityunderoxicandanoxicconditions．GeochimicaetCosmschimicaActa199559163367-3377．17YuanXZShiXSZhangDLetal．Biogasproductionandmicrocystinbiodegradationinanaerobicdigestionofbluealgae．EnergyEnvironmentalScience201141511-1515．18．．199843176-80．19．．1999355525-530．20LongERMacDonaldDDSmithSLetal．Incidenceofadversebiologicaleffectswithinrangersofchemicalconcentrationinmarineandestuarysediments．EnvironmentManagement199519181-97．21．PAHs．20113910151-153．22KubickiJDApitaSE．Modelsofnaturalorganicmatterandinteractionswithorganiccontaminants．OrganicGeochemistry199930911-927．23．、．20118124-26．24．．20042298-105．25SimoneitBRT．Biomassburning—areviewoforganictracersforsmokefrom