沉淀时间及生物膜对实际生活污水形成好氧硝化颗粒污泥的影响高景峰

(,　100022):3(sequencingbatchreactor,SBR,R1、R2、R3)1(sequencingbatchairliftreactor,SBAR,R4),,(aerobicgranularsludge,AGS).,R1、R2、R42、4、2min,,,,,、、,35～40d,NH+4-N1mgL,.AGS,AGS,AGS.,R38、6、5、4min,10cmmin,;12cmmin,,33d.AGS,0.3mm,2∶1,AGS0.5mm,NH+4-N5.:;;;;;:X703.1　:A　:0250-3301(2007)06-1245-07:2006-06-08;:2006-08-15:(50508001);(KM200510005020);A(2006A10):(1974～),,,,,E-mail:[e-mail]ndBiofilmontheCultivationofNitrifyingAerobicGranularSludgeGAOJing-feng(CollegeofEnvironmentalandEnergyEngineering,BeijingUniversityofTechnology,Beijing100022,China)Abstract:Inordertoinvestigatetheeffectsofdecreasingsettlingtimeandbiofilmontherapidstart-upofaerobicgranularsludgereactorfornitrification,therealdomesticwastewaterwastreatedinthreesequencingbatchreactors(SBR,namedasR1,R2andR3)andonesequencingbatchairliftreactor(SBAR,namedasR4).Afterdecreasingthesettlingtimefrom20mindirectlyto2,4and2minrespectivelyinR1,R2andR4,forthereasonthattheselectivepressureofsettlingvelocitywassostrongthattheactivatedsludgewasallwashedoutofthereactors,thethreeSBRslosttheirfunctionoftreatingwastewater.Thenthebiofilmgrewonthewallsofthethreereactors,andlotsofsoftgranular-likesludgeappearedinthereactors,35～40dayslater.ThebiofilmmadetheeffluentammoniaofR1,R2andR4lowerthan1mgL.Thesoftgranular-likesludgewasnottheaerobicgranularsludge,buttherewerelotsofrotifersbotharoundthesoftgranular-likesludgeandtheaerobicgranularsludge.Thephenomenashowedthataerobicgranularsludgewasonetypeofbiofilm.InR3thesettlingtimewasshortenedgraduallyfrom20minto8,6,5and4min.Whenthesettlingvelocitywas10cmmin,theactivatedsludgebegantogranulate,andwhenthesettlingvelocityreached12cmmin,theaerobicgranularsludgebecamedominantinthereactor,butthesludgefloccoexistedwithaerobicgranularsludge.Ittook33daystocultivateaerobicgranulesinR3.Theaveragediameteroftheaerobicgranularsludgewas0.5mm,theratioofaerobicgranularsludgetosludgeflocbyweightwas2∶1,andtheammoniaoxidizedrateofaerobicgranularsludgewas5timesasthesludgefloc's.Keywords:realdomesticwastewater;aerobicgranularsludge;rapidstart-up;biofilm;settlingtime;nitrification　　(aerobicgranularsludge,AGS)、、、、.(SBR),AGS[1,2];AGS[3～5]、[6,7].AGS,[8]、[9].AGS[10]、[11]、[12].AGS[13],,28620076　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.28,No.6Jun.,2007DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2007.06.014AGS.AGS,14～28dAGS[2～10],AGS,60～100d[12,17];[4]AGS,210dAGS;[14],67dAGS;Hu[15]SBR62dAGS.AGS、,,AGS,.,,SBRSBARAGS.1　1.1　;,1.1.2　SBR,D=9cm,H=90cm,HD=10,6L,,3,R1,R2,R3.1SBAR,100cm,D1=9cm,D2=5cm,H1=90cm,H1D1=10,15cm,6L,R4.413.,0.1m3h,25℃±1℃.:(2min),(330min),(),(2min),.,4.1.3　WTWMulti340iDO、pH;COD、MLSS、NO-2-N、NO-3-N、NH+4-N;OLYMPUSBX5152OLYMPUSC-4040ZOOM.500μm,(MAF500),500μm,[16],0.3、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5mm.1.4　1　mg·L-1Table1　Qualityofrealdomesticwastewatermg·L-1pH(CaCO3)CODBOD5NH+4-NNO-3-NPO3-4-P7.4380180130801.0810.2　　4,20min.AGS,:R1、R2、R420min2、4、2min,R3,20min,AGS.R1R4SBRSBARAGS.R1、R2、R3AGS.,AGS.2　2.1　AGSR1、R2、R420min2、4、2min;47d(185).,3MLSS3800mgL±200mgL,.,39,.3,R1,1.1,,R1NH+4-N,149(38d)NH+4-N1mgL.,NO-2-NNO-3-N,.NH+4-N1mgL,NO-2-N,NO-3-N,.R2R4162(41d)134(34d),NH+4-N1mgL.4SS2.R1、R2、R4SS87、67、61mgL,SS1246　　　　　　28,.33.R1、R4,R4.61,3、,,,,、、,,;R1、,,,,、.R2、,,,,　　1　R1Fig.1　Effluentammonia,nitriteandnitrateconcentrationofR1　2　R1、R2、R3R4SSFig.2　EffluentSSconcentrationofR1,R2,R3andR4　.2.2　AGS,R320min.:1538min,54886min,891365min,1371854min.R34.4,AGSNH+4-N、NO-2-N1mgL.141NO-3-N,,AGS:,.3　R1R2Fig.3　MorphologyoftheactivatedsludgeinR1andR212476:　　R35,6min(73),,AGS;5min4d(103),AGS,,.,AGS,33d.4min(165),AGS,,,.4　R3Fig.4　Effluentammonia,nitriteandnitrateconcentrationofR3　　R36.6,,61.2%()10.48～103.58μm,29.72%()103.58～222.28μm.89,10.48～103.58μm15.16%(),301.68μmAGS29.02%(),.130,300μmAGS55.12%(),,,7,600～800μmAGS3.9%(),300～600μmAGS62.8%(),500μm;300μm32%().Tsuneda[18],346μm,300d;Beun[19]Tay[1]SBARSBR,,AGS250～370μm,Yang[20]SBR4510、320、250μmAGS.　　5　R3Fig.5　MorphologyoftheactivatedsludgeinR3　,AGS,AGSAGS,(NH+4-N).AGS,4～5min,SVI5min=2%0.631gL,SVI5min=31.7mLg.8R3NH+4-N.,MLSS=3.713gL,1248　　　　　　28240min,NH+4-N0.057mg(g·min);,3.713gL0.631gL,(240min)300min,NH+4-N0.280mg(g·min),NH+4-N5,AGS,AGS.AGS.,,SBRAGS,,.6　R3Fig.6　ParticlesizedistributionoftheactivatedsludgeinR3　7　R3130()Fig.7　Particlesizedistributionoftheactivatedsludgeattheendofthe130thcycleinR3(humidsieve)　2.3　AGSR1、R2、R461、AGS,,R1,R2R43.1858　R3Fig.8　ComparisonofammoniaoxidizedratebetweentheflocandtheAGSinR3　9　R1Fig.9　NitrificationprocessofthebiofilminR1,R1、R2、R4,,.3,R1,9.9,,,R1、R2、R4,AGS.35,,,,AGS,AGS、,AGS.R1、R2、R4SS,,,SS.2,R3SS81mgL,AGS.Arrojo[8]AGS,SS50～700mgL;Beun　　　　12496:[10]AGS,SS75mgL.,AGSSS.,,,AGS.,,AGS.3　AGS.Qin[21]5min,AGS;McSwain[17]2min(22.5cmmin)AGS.,R1、R2、R42、4、2min,30、15、30cmmin.,,.R38、6、5、4min,7.5、10、12、15cmmin,,,10cmmin,,12cmmin,,AGS.,()AGS,McSwain[17],.,,,AGS,,,,AGS.,SBARSBR,,.2AGS.15.7mh,6mgL.Liu[22]1.2cmsAGS,2mgL.Peng[23]0.8mgL,AGS.,AGS.,SBR-,HD.4　(1)R1、R2、R420min2、4、2min;39,,,;、,,AGS.AGS,AGS.()AGS,.(2)15.7mh,R3,,10cmmin,,12cmmin,.AGS33d.AGS,0.3mm,AGS2∶1,AGS0.5mm;AGS,4～5min,SVI5min=31.7mLg;NH+4-N0.280mg(g·min),NH+4-N4,AGS.:[1]TayJH,Y