城市黑臭水体形成机理与评价方法研究进展

*/100037．、．、Fe、SFeSH2S、NH3VOSCs、2-．、、4．FormationmechanismandassessmentmethodforurbanblackandodorouswaterbodyAreview．WANGXuWANGYong-gang*SUNChang-hongPANTaoBeijingMunicipalＲe-searchAcademyofEnvironmentalProtection/NationalEngineeringＲesearchCenterforUrbanEnvi-ronmentalPollutionControlBeijing100037China．AbstractBlackandodorousB＆Owaterbodyreflectsverytypicalseriouswaterpollutionrelatedtoorganicpollutionsedimentre-suspensionandthermalpollution．AlsotheinsufficiencyofwatercycleisoneofthemostimportanthydrodynamicfactorsforformattingB＆Owaterbody．Theblack-eningsubstancesmainlyincludesuspendedparticlesFe-andS-containingsubstancestheodourcausingsubstancesincludethesmallmoleculegasessuchasH2SNH3andsomecompoundssuchasVOSCsGeosminand2-MBI．EvaluationmethodsofB＆Owaterweresummarizedfromtheeval-uationindexB＆Oindexmultiplelinearregressionmodelandcomprehensiveevaluationmethodinthispaper．Correspondinglytherelativeresearchdirectioninthefuturewasdiscussed．AlltheseworksnotonlydefinedtheidentifyingtechnologyforurbanB＆Owaterbodybutalsowouldfurthersupportthewaterenvironmentimprovementandecologicalrecoveryinurbanregion．KeywordsblackandodorouswaterbodyVOSCsGeosminformationmechanismassessmentmethodology．2012ZX07203-001-01Thisworkwassuppor-tedbytheMajorScienceandTechnologyProgramforWaterPollutionControlandTreatment2012ZX07203-001-01andWaterEnvironmentImprovementTechnologyofMajorＲiversinFengtaiDistrict．2015-09-12Ｒeceived2016-01-15Accepted．*[e-mail]、、、1．2．COD、N、P3．2015《》“”202010%20304．．20164274http//．cjae．netChineseJournalofAppliedEcologyApr．20162741331－1340DOI10．13287/j．1001－9332．201604．014、、、．、．15．“”．、．、、．《》、6．．57－1516－261．、、、、．1．、--．2．．．3．．1Fig．1Progressofurbanblackandodorouswater．23312722.12.1.1．．COD、BOD、、、、、．113．2.1.2．、--、、27．28．2.1.3、．．29－30．Wood98℃35℃25℃．2.2、、、．Hishida14Yodo．31、、、．．、、32．．．2.32.3.1233．10．15、Fe、MnSFe2+．34FeS33314．351．0g·L－1．Fe、SFeS．2Fe36．Fe、、．、、3．“3”．3S22．S．FeH2S．H2SH2S．H2SFe2+FeS．FeSFeSFeS．2Fig．2TransformationprogressofironFeinriver．3Fig．3TransformationprogressofsculptureSinriver．→+H2→H2S+NH3+CH3CH2COOHSO42－+→H2S+H2O+CO2FeOH3→Fe2+Fe+H2S→FeS2.3.231H2S、NH3．＞．CH4、H2S、NH3．34、H2SNH3．．H2S、NH3HCOOCNH2HCH2SH+2H2O→CH3CHOOH+HCOOH+NH3+H2SC6H12O6→2CH3COCOOH+4H→2CH3CHOHCOOH2．、20、37．volatileorganicsulfurcom-poundsVOSCs38－39．MeSH、DMS、DMDS、DMTSDMTeS40－41．35433127methonine4a2-bJuttnerWatson53Fig．4MolecularstructuresofGeosminaand2-MBIbModifiedfromJuttner＆Watson53．VOSCs．32-．、42．GeosminC12H22O2-2-MBIC11H20O443．Gerber44－4520402-．Oscillatoria、Lyngbya、PhormidiumAnabaena2-46－51．2-MBI49ng·L－152．33.1．54、、、41m．．DO．DO＜2．0mg·L－1．CH、BI．55CH=21．5．56OＲPDO、S2－、pH、SO42－OＲPOＲP＞－50mg·L－1OＲP＜－100mg·L－1OＲP＜－200mg·L－1．、．DO、BOD5、CODCr、NH4+-N、TP．16CH=21．5、DO=1.8mg·L－1、BOD5=14mg·L－1H2SN=2000·L－1．20DO≤2mg·L－1、CODCr≥15mg·L－1、BOD5≥14mg·L－1、NH4+-N≥8mg·L－1、TP≥0．8mg·L－1．57≥150mg·L－1≥50mg·L－1Fe2+≥0．2mg·L－1≥25℃≥0．9m．．3.2II．31I2ABOD5、COD、NH4+-NDO43W、．．1．533141Table1DiscriminantofblackandodorouswaterNo．DiscriminantofblackandodorouswaterDiscriminantstandardＲeference1I=BOD5CODMnI≥1.3BOD5≥13mg·L－1I≤1.3BOD5≥20mg·L－1102I=NH4+-N/DO%+0.4I≥57133I=BOD5BOD5'+CODMnCODMn'+NH3－NNH3－N'+DODO'I≥2584I=2．157－0．827DO+0．349CODMn+0．0726NH3－N+0．266TI＞13595I=0．2CODMn+0．1NH3－NDO%+0.3×1.084T－10DO8≤I≤15546I=X1X2=0．2DO+CODMn+BOD5+NH3－N+TPX1X2＞7607I=0．05CODCr+0．26NH3－N－2．3DO+1．24Fe+2．77Mn+14．4I≥13618I1=1．684DO+0．239TP+0．005NH3－N－1．81I2=7．946DO+1．002TP+0．004NH3－N－8．187I2＞I1559I=0．624COL+0．376TOTO=4．3+1．0CODCr+0．25BOD5+0．9NH3－N－2．31DO+1．76H2SI≥1824TOOdorosityCOLChroma．．621～820%．3.3．．Can-field11165、aChla、TP、TNCHlgCH=6．19lgTN+2．5lgTP－6．25lgChla－13．3Ｒ2=0．78FepH、、、a．．、、COD、DO、TP、Chla、．2．pH、、DO、NH4+-N、TN、TP、PO43－-P、、Chla、2Table2EvaluationmodelonblackandodorouswaterbodybasedonGEOSconcentrationpredictionNo．MultipleregressionmodelＲ2WaterbodyＲeference1lgGEOS=1．07lgTUＲB－0．009SC+7．230．71632GEOS=0．412CHL－1．080．72643GEOS=1．08SD－0．064SC+0．24TUＲB+31．040．70654lgGEOS=－0．624－1．092TP+0．153COD+0．149DO0．70185GEOS=－9．93+3．02DO+9．33lgCHL－3．58lgTOTALG0．93566CHLaChlorophyllaCODChemicaloxygendemandDODissolvedoxygenconcentrationGEOSGeosminSCElectricalconductivitySDTransparencyTUＲBTurbidityTPTotalphosphorusTOTALGTotalalgaebiomass．633127、、．．、．3.4、．．26BOD5、CODCr、NH4+-N、Mn、DO、CH、Fe、P．67．BP．BPBP．．Sugiura18artifi-cialneuralnetworkANN12MLＲANNMLＲ．24BP-．．4、、、．1．、、3．、、、．、．2．DO、BOD5、COD、、、、、pH4．．．．．．、、．．、、、．、．3．73314．、．4．．、2-MBI、．、、-．1XuMYaoＲ-HSongL-Letal．Primaryexplorationofgeneralplanoftheurbanblack-odorrivertreatmentinChina．ChineseJour-nalofEnvironmentalManagement20157274－78inChinese2SuffetIHMallevialleJKawczynskiE．Advancesintasteandodortreatmentandcontrol．ＲeportofAmericanWaterWorksAssociationＲesearchFoundation19953ZhaoYYaoＲ-HXuMetal．Studyonthepracticeandrouteofcombatingurbanblackandmalodorouswaterbody．EnvironmentalProtection2015431327－29inChinese4TheStateCouncil．ActionPlanofWaterPol-lutionPreventionBeijing2015inChinese5LazaroTＲ．UrbanHydrology．MichiganAnnArborSciencePublishers19796MinistryofHousingandUrban-ＲuralDevelopmentofChina．GuidelineforUrbanBlackandOdorousWaterTreatmentBeijing2015inChine