城市生活垃圾堆肥过程中腐熟度指标及控制参数

2212200612TransactionsoftheCSAEVol.22No.12Dec.20061,2,3,2,2,4,2(1.,300191;2.,100094;3.,100067;4.,100086):400t1560mm,,;pH;(EC),;E4öE6;24h96h(GI)85;CöN;CöNE4öE6GI(24h96h),ECE4öE6GI(24h96h),E4öE6GI(24h96h):;;;;:X705:A:100226819(2006)1220189206,,,.[J].,2006,22(12):189-194.QinLi,LiYuchun,LiGuoxue,etal.Maturityindexesandoperationalparametersduringcompostingmunicipalsolidwaste[J].TransactionsoftheCSAE,2006,22(12):189-194.(inChinesewithEnglishabstract):2006203216:2006208222::;::(1973-),,,,300191Email:[e-mail]:,,,,100094Email:[e-mail]0,,,,2080,8.0%30.0%[1],2008,6.8%27.5%[2],,,,,,,,,,,[3],,,[4],,,11.1,199812,6.6hm2,1560mm400t,12.4t:(14d),(21d),(21d),8,13%(vöv)35d50%60%5d,556524d,,,25mm,;,2.4m,21d,12mm,9811.2200310200412,4(14d)(21d),(21d),2kg,2kgpH1mm,1.31)pH(EC)(TOC)(TN)2);GIpHEC,15,pHECpHpHS23CpH;ECDDS211A;GI8mL,(),10(115),(201),24h96h,4,(GI)[5,6];(TOC)(TN)TOCTN[7]3)GIGI(GerminationIndex)GI:GI(%)=100%22.11)1,60%,[8];45%,,,60%2,5560,,[9],,,,2,60%42%47%,,30%,,,,1Fig.1Variationofmoistureduringthecomposting2)pH,pH[10]pH7.58.5,[11]2,,pH,pH,57pHpH,,pH,,,,pH,2pH7.57.8;pH,7,,,pH,3,,,4pH8.0pH7.607.75,pH8.367.76,2pHFig.2VariationofpHvaluesduringthecomposting3)(EC)3,4,EC,,CO2NH3,,EC[5]5,4EC0912006(0.4104LSöcm)[7],,3ECFig.3VariationofECvaluesduringthecomposting4)4,,,,,,,,1560mm,,31.7%(1)4(TOC)Fig.4VariationofTOCduringthecomposting1(%)Table1VariationsofphysicalcompositionofMSWduringthecompostinginwinterö%16.97.82.014.23.53.11.20.24051.01560mm12.95.38.27.85.24.81.60054.2819.24.5013.206.70000,()40%60%[8],,42.0%,;34.2%36.5%,,;29.8%,40%,,;,8,18.2%27.6%,(GB8172-87)17.24%(10%1.724)[12],(NY525-2002)30%[13],,,5)5,2,,,,[14],,0.96%,1.13%0.76%,0.65%,0.66%,,0.5%,0.48%,0.40%5(TN)Fig.5VariationofTNduringthecomposting6)6,,CöN,,,(45),CöN,,CöN,26.49CöN,,23CöN,26.2221.17CöNCöNCöNCöN20[15,16]8,CöN2126,19112:6(CöN)Fig.6VariationofCöNratioduringthecomposting2.2:(GI)VeerapanCöN[17],[18]7,,24h96hGI,,,8,96hGI100%,24h,8,GI60%,GI,81.7%;,GI78.4%;GI72.0%,GI,61.0%,GI(24h)50%,,GI80%85%,[5]GI50%,5,5,,,,24h:1,,,NH+4[19];2GI,25,,,EC,GI;3GI,50%60%70%80%724h96h(GI)Fig.7VariationofGerminationIndex(GI)at24hand96hduringthecomposting2.3:465nm665nm,465nm665nm,E4öE6,,,E4öE6[20],,,,,,,8E4öE6,E4öE6,,,,,8Fig.8VariationofE4öE6ratioduringthecomposting2.4,2912006,,;,E4öE6,2,CöNE4öE6GI(24h96h);ECE4öE6GI(24h96h),E4öE6GI(24h96h),,ECE4öE62Table2CorrelationcoefficientamongmaturityindexesCöNE4öE6ECGI(96h)GI(24h)CöN1.000-0.72930.690-0.7743-0.7543E4öE6-0.72931.000-0.943330.993330.99733EC0.690-0.943331.000-0.96733-0.96433GI(96h)-0.77430.99333-0.967331.0000.99933GI(24h)-0.75430.99733-0.964330.999331.000:3:0.05,P0.05;33:0.01,P0.0131)2,60%42%47%,,30%,2)pH,14d,pH7.83,,pH8.0;EC5,3)E4öE624h96hGI,5,24h96hGI50%,,854)CöN,CöN,,[][1].[M].:,1988,136.[2].[Z].2004.[3]ClaudioMondini,MariaTeresaDellAbate,LivianaLeita,etal.Anintegratedchemical,thermal,andmicro2biologicalapproachtocompoststabilityevaluation[J].JournalofEnvironmentalQuality,2003,32(6):2379.[4].[J].,2005,24(1):182-186.[5]RiffaldiR,Levi2MinziR,PeraA,etal.Evaluationofcompostmaturitybymeansofchemicalandmicrobialanalyses[J].WasteManagementandResearch,1986,4:387-396.[6].[J].,1999b,4:109-116.[7].(3)[M].:,2000:25-49.[8],.[M].:,2000:12-101.[9]SesayAA,LasaridiKE,StentifordEI,etal.Con2trolledcompostingofpaperpulpsludgeusingtheaeratedstaticpilemethod[J].CompostScienceandUtilization,1997,5(1):82-96.[10]USEPA.Compostofmunicipalwastewatersludgemixedwithricehulls[J].SoilSciandPlantNutr,1981,27(4):477-486.[11],.[M].:,1990.[12](GB8172-87)[S].1987.[13](NY525-2002)[S].2002.[14]KirchmannH,WidenP.Separatelycollectedorganichouseholdwastes:Chemicalcompositionandcompostingcharacteristics[J].SwedishJournalofAgriculturalResearch,1994,4:3-12.[15]GoluekeCG.Principlesofbiologicalresourcerecovery[J].Biocycle,1981,22:36-40.[16]MorelTL,ColinF,GermonJC,etal.Methodsfortheevaluationofthematurityofmunicipalrefusecompost[A].In:GasserJKR,Elsevier,eds.CompostingofAgricultureandotherwastes[M].AppliedSciencePublishers,London&NewYork,1985:56-72.[17]ChanyasakV,KubotaH.CarbonöOrganicnitrogenratioinwaterextractasmeasureofcompostingdegradation[J].JournalofFermentationTechnology,1981,59:215-219.[18]ZucconiF,ForteM,MonacA,etal.Biologicalevalua2tionofcompostmaturity[J].Biocycle,1981b,22:27-29.[19]BaziramakengaR,SimardRR.Lowmolecularweightaliphaticacidcontentsofcompostedmanures[J].JEnvironQual,1998,27:557-561.[20]StevensonFJ..[M].:,1994,198.39112:MaturityindexesandoperationalparametersduringcompostingmunicipalsolidwasteQinLi1,2,LiYuchun3,LiGuoxue2,YinLi2,DingXiangrong4,HuJu2(1.Agro2EnvironmentalProtectionInstituteofMOA,Tianjin300191,China;2.CollegeofResourceandEnvironmentScience,ChinaAgricultureUniversity,Beijing100094,China;3.BeijingSolidWasteAdministrationDepartment,Beijing100067,China;4.HaiDianDistrictEnvironmentalSanitationManagementCenterinBeijing,Beijing100086,China)Abstract:UsingMunicipalSolidWaste(MSW)compostastestingmaterialsfromNangongCompostPlantinBeijingwhichcantreat400tMSWofgranularity1560mmeveryday,thephysicalandchemicalcharacteristics,maturityindexesandope