处理石化废水超滤膜制备过程中膜材料的筛选

。。。、、。。、、、、、[1-4]。PES、APSF、PASFPPS、、、、、、、pH[5-7]。PVDF-39℃170℃316℃、PVDF、、、、、、、100℃γ、[8-11]。PVDF。PVDF、、“”。11.1L-PSF、B-PSF、100013L-PSF、B-PSF、B-PPSU、W-PSE、D-PPESKPVDFB-PVDF、S-PVDFSEM、、、、B-PSFS-PVDF2。S-PVDF0.1～0.8NTU、56.2～68.5L/(m2·h)。TQ028.8A1000-3770(2017)05-0[e-mail]43520175Vol.43No.5May,2017DOI:10.16796/j.cnki.1000-3770.2017.05.02085B-PPSU、W-PSE、D-PPESKPVDFB-PVDF、S-PVDFPVP-K30、。N-NMP。1.2NIPS。PVP-K30NMP。1.31.3.1、XL-30SEM。1.3.2。0.15MPa0.1MPaJJ=V/(At)。VAt。1.3.31g/LBSA0.1MPa1g/LBSA280nmRR=1-ρp/ρ0。ρ0ρpBSA。1.3.4Poremaster-3360～80mg20min1。1.3.5DSA100。1.40.1MPa。22.11.2SEM、1。1L-PSF、B-PPSUD-PPESKB-PVDF、、B-PSFW-PSEPVDFS-PVDF、、。2.21。1B-PSF、L-PSFB-PSFB-PPSUW-PSE158.3242.6215.9205.897.896.593.395.1D-PPESKB-PVDFS-PVDF178.5179.3257.394.281.895.7J/(L·m-2·h-1)R/%J/(L·m-2·h-1)R/%1Tab.1PurewaterfluxandrejectionrateofpolymerultrafiltrationmembranepreparedbydifferentmaterialsL-PSFB-PSFB-PPSUD-PPESKW-PSEB-PVDFS-PVDF1SEMFig.1SEMofpolymerultrafiltrationmembranepreparedbydifferentmaterials43586PVDFS-PVDFB-PVDFB-PVDF、、。2.32。[12]。2L-PSFB-PSFPVDFS-PVDFB-PSFS-PVDFB-PSF50～200nm100nmS-PVDF60～300nm150nm。2.4DSA100。3。。362.4°～80.5°B-PSF62.4°PVDFS-PVDF89.8°。2B-PSF、S-PVDF。2.5B-PSFS-PVDF2430d。4B-PSF1145.2L/(m2·h)3016.7L/(m2·h)S-PVDF、30d61.2L/(m2·h)。3NIPSL-PSF、B-PSF、B-PPSU、W-PSE、D-PPESKPVDFB-PVDF、S-PVDFSEM、、、、SEMB-PSFPVDFS-PVDF、、242.6L/(m2·h)257.3L/(m2·h)96.5%95.7%73.5%75.1%62.4°89.8°。/NTUJ/(L·m-2·h-1)/NTUJ/(L·m-2·h-1)0.70.60.81.0145.272.125.316.70.80.40.10.3195.789.568.561.2S-PVDFB-PSF14.617.423.121.9/NTU4B-PSFS-PVDFTab.4ThecomparisonoftheeffectofB-PSFandS-PVDFmembraneonpetrochemicalwastewatertreatmentt/d151530L-PSFB-PSFB-PPSUW-PSED-PPESKB-PVDFS-PVDF12345677.968.280.385.889.381.580.562.959.460.578.550.762.462.474.972.369.661.750.863.865.567.174.761.259.362.164.164.776.576.067.568.767.471.271.295.997.095.499.9102.396.097.888.988.589.587.991.093.389.83Fig.3Contactangleofdifferentmaterialspreparedmembrane/(°)L-PSFB-PSFB-PPSUW-PSE67.973.572.371.1D-PPESKB-PVDFS-PVDF70.865.775.12Tab.2Porosityofdifferentmaterialspreparedmembrane/%/%B-PSFS-PVDF2B-PSFS-PVDFFig.2ContactanglemeasurementimageofultrafiltrationmembranepreparedbyB-PSFandS-PVDF87ThePreparationofβ-Chitosan/BrushiteNano-compositesandItsEfficientPurificationforHighFluorideDrinkingWaterCHENYanhong,SHENChensi,LIUJianshe(DonghuaUniversityCollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,Shanghai201620,China)Abstract:Inordertoachievethegreen,efficientandsafepurificationforhighfluoridedrinkingwater,theβ-chitosan/brushitenano-compositeweresynthesizedthroughchemicalprecipitationbyusingCaCl2andNaH2PO4astheprecursorandβ-chitosanastheregulator.TheXRD,TEMandSEManalysesindicatedthatthisnanocompositewascomposedofbrushiteandmonetite.Thenano-compositepreparedwith0.01%massfractionβ-Chitosanhadbetterdefluorinationperformance,andtheremovalrateofF-couldachieve99.3%after2hadsorptionatthe20mLfluoridecontainingwaterwith10mg/Lto50mg/Lmassconcentration.ThesorptionofF-tonano-compositefittingwelltotheLangmuiradsorptionmodel,anditsmaximumcapacitywas123.7mg/g.ThechangeofpHhadlittleeffectonadsorption,andtheco-existingionsofCl-,NO3-,SO42-andHCO3-hadalmostnonegativeeffectonF-adsorptionwhiletheCO32-obviouslyreducedtheremovalrateofF-.Overall,thepreparationprocessofthisnano-compositewithhighdefluorinationefficiencyandlessriskisgreenandsimple,itmayprovideanewideaforhighfluoridedrinkingwaterpurificationinChina.Keywords:defluorination;β-Chitosan;nano-brushite;drinkingwaterScreeningofMembraneMaterialsintheProcessofPreparingUltrafiltrationMembraneforPetrochemicalWastewaterTreatmentYANGLi,WEIXin,YANGYongqiang(EnvironmentalProtectionInstitute,SINOPECBeijingResearchInstituteofChemicalIndustry,Beijing100013,China)Abstract:Byusingimmersionprecipitationphaseinversiontechnique,twokindsofdifferentpolymermaterialsofflatultrafiltrationmembraneswereprepared,includingpolysulfonematerialsofL-PSF,B-PSF,B-PPSU,W-PSE,D-PPESKandpoly(vinylidenefluoride)materialsofB-PVDFandS-PVDF.Themembranemorphologieswereexaminedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Themembranepermeationpropertieswereevaluatedbyhomemadefour-channelparalleltothemembraneseparationperformancetestingdevice.Themembraneporosityandaverageporediameterweremeasuredbymercuryporosimeter.Themembraneperformanceofhydrophility/hydrophobicitywasstudiedbymeasuringtheircontactangle.Basedontheabovestudies,twomaterialsofB-PSFandS-PVDFwerescreenedpreliminarily.Themembranespreparedfromthesetwomaterialswereusedforpetrochemicalwastewatertreatmentexperiment.TheresultsshowedthattheoutflowturbidityoftheS-PVDFmembranewasbetween0.1~0.8NTU,andthestablefluxbetween56.2~68.5L/(m2·h).ThepermeabilityandtheturbiditytreatmenteffectsofS-PVDFwerebetterthanB-PSF.TheS-PVDFwasscreeningoutastheultrafiltrationmembranepreparationmaterialsforthispetrochemicalwastewatertreatment.Keywords:membranematerials;waterflux;contactangle;petrochemicalwastewater;screeningB-PSFS-PVDF30dS-PVDF61.2～195.7L/(m2·h)0.1～0.8NTUB-PSF16.7～145.2L/(m2·h)0.6～1.0NTUS-PVDF。[1],.[M].:,2005:45-47.[2]Chery