氮同位素方法在地下水氮污染源识别中的应用

:,,1976,,,12(1.,310014;2.,310007)15N/14N(N),(15N):15N,-1.08%0.21%;15N,1.0%1.7%,15N,IdentificationofthenitratesourcesinthegroundwaterbyNisotopemethodJinZanfang1,YeHongyu2.(1.Col2legeofBiology&EnvironmentalEngineering,ZhejiangUniversityofTechnology,HangzhouZhejiang310014;2.EnvironmentalScienceResearch&DesignInstituteofZhejiangProvince,HangzhouZhejiang310007)Abstract:Thispaperreviewsthestate2of2the2factofnaturalabundancesofNisotope(14N/15N)ininvestigatingthesourcesandmechanismsofthepollutants.Differentnitratesourceshavethedifferent15Nvalues.Thenitratefromtherainwaterhasthelow15Nvalues(-1.08%0.21%)andthatfromthedomesticwastewatershasthehigh15Nvalues(1.0%1.7%).Different15Nvaluesofthegroundwateriscausedbydifferentnitratesources.Hence15Nvaluescanbeusedtoidentifythenitratesourceinthegroundwatereffectively.Keywords:GroundwaterNitrateNisotopevalue,2040,[1],[2]3,(WHO)10mg/L2060,[324]:303,;199840%[2]5,[526]:,,,,114N15N(N),,14N15N99.635%0.365%[7]15N/14N0.368%,15N/14N,,(15N/14N),15N:15N(%)={[(15N/14N)/(15N/14N)]-1}10015N14N,15N,,,,15N14N,()15N,,(k14/k15),,14N(k14)15N(k15),1,[8]135,(obs):obs=(15N/14N)/(15N/14N),obs1,1,15N,,obs3:;;obs,1[9],[10]978,[11214]1(obs)1.00251.00001.00501.00501.00501.00501.01851.00001.02001.00130.99631.00901.02501.02501.02501.00141.00141.00141.02451.02001.0268obs1.0185,15N1.85%,15N,obs1.0013,15N14N(,,),15N,obs1.0245,15N2.45%,15N,15N,15N,,,15N15N,,[15]127,[16]448,[17218]Panno[15]125,15N,0.47%0.62%0.63%0.93%Megis[16]455,(2.7mg/L0mg/L),15N,15N215N15N/14N15N0.00%215N,15N2N15N/%()0.00(NH+42N)-0.140.35Hber(NO-32N)-0.150.23Hirata(NO-32N)-0.660.39Hber(NH+42N)-1.08-0.48Hirata()-0.603.2Hirata0.010.72Hirata0.150.81Hirata-0.40-0.30Hirata-0.740.68Hber(NH+42N)-0.100.19Hber-0.150.23(NO-32N)0.280.18Hber(urer)0.020.13Hber0.110.14-0.740.19Kreitler(NH+42N,)-0.800.08Hirata(NO-32N,)-0.39-0.14Hirata0.271.54Chienetal.0.751.49-0.761.31Eshetuetal.1.002.20Hirata0.831.05Hirata1.001.35Mariottietal.(NH+42N)0.82Hirata(NO-32N)1.131.70Hirata15N-1.08%0.21%[19]181,[20],,15N15N,-0.60%3.20%,15N15N0.15%0.81%,15N15N[19]183[19]186,[21]147,[22]66,[23],15N0%[2]3Hirata235287200678,15N-0.39%0.08%;,15N,1.0%15N1.13%1.70%[19]190Mariotti15N1.0%1.35%[24]15N0.83%1.05%,,0.82%1.70%[25],,,15NNH40.82%3,15N,15N[26230],15N1%[21]156,[31]265,[32]96,[33]152,[34]199Kreitler15N1.21%2.13%;0.35%1.22%[10]981,[19]191,[21]167,[31]26615N0.10%1.08%,15N,15N,1.0%,[31]263,[32]94,[33]149,[34]198,[35240],[41]497,[42]107,[43]15N0.7%,15N,15N0.05%3.84%,315N,3,,15N,1.93%2.83%,,(0.3143.47mg/L),,,,15N,(1.90%0.76%)15N,3.54%7.72%,[22]63315NN15N/%0.811.39Aravenaetal.19980.340.710.645.83Aravenaetal.19930.370.77FlipseandBonner1.40.10.60Foggetal1.40.10.7GormlyandSpalding0.950.490.80Heaton0.931.870.491.70Hirata0.053.840.351.22Kreitler0.331.080.671.870.544.31Komoretal.0.092.26()0.151.170.170.550.853.12Hirata-0.740.130.131.60SpaldingandFultion0.461.500.060.48WellsandKrothe0.360.840.95-0.20.6Williamsetal0.6Komor[31]260,20%(10mg/L)660mm,200260mm,160kg/hm2,10m,618m,115N,15N15N,4%,,,,15N,15N15N115N,,Aravena[10]97515N30mg/L,33511.137.1mg/L,15N0.81%1.39%,,9.356.2mg/L,,15N0.34%0.62%15N115N,15N,14NO-315NO-3,()14N,15N,()16O,18OMengis15N18O,15N18O2[16]456,[44]210,18O(H2O)18O,18O0.01%0.54%15N18O,18O1/3(18O=2.2%),2/3(18O=-1.0%),15N,,(16O18O)[16]448,[44]206,[45]1628,[46247],,,(),18O15N,,()18O15N,,,[41]495,[42]110,[45]16304,N,15N,,,[1]SpaldingRE,ExnerME.Occurrenceofnitrateingroundwa2ter2areview[J].J.Environ.Qual.,1993,22:3922402.[2]SatoK,lwasaY.GroundwaterUpdates[M].HongKong:Best2setTypesetterLtd.,2000.[3],,.[J].,1997,39(10):9362944.[4]ColinMW.USreportraisesfearsovernitratelevelsinwater[J].Nature,1995,377:4.[5],,,.[J].,2005,42(3):4112418.[6],,.[J].,2004,20(3):9212.43528720067[7]JunkG,SvecHV.Theabsoluteabundanceofnitrogenisotopesintheatmosphereandcompressedgasfromvarioussources[J].Geochem.Cosmochim.Acts,1958,14:2342243.[8]CollinsCJ,BowmanNS.EffectsinChemicalReactions[M].NewYork:VanNostrandReingold,1970:3652414.[9]AndrosoffGL,VanKesselC,PennockDJ.Landscape2scalees2timatesofdinitrogenfixationbypisumsativumbynitrogen215naturalabundanceandenrichedisotopedilution[J].Bio.Fertil.Soil.,1995,20:33240.[10]AravenaR,RobertsonWD.UseofMultipleisotopeTracerstoevaluateDenitrificationinGroundwater:Studyofnitratefromalarge2fluxsepticsystemplume[J].GroundWater,1998,36.[11]ClayDE,ChangJ,CalySA.Fieldscalevariabilityofnitrogenand15Ninsoil[J].SoilSci.PlantAnal.,1997,28:151321527.[12]FryarAE,MackoSA,RomanakWFM.Nitratereductionduringgroundwaterrecharge,SouthernHighPlain,Texas[J].J.Cont.Hydrol.,2000,40:3352363.[13]HinkleSR,DuffJH,TriskaFJ,etal.LinkinghyporhericflowandnitrogencyclingneartheWillametteRiver2alargeriverinOregon,USA[J].J.Hydrol.,2001,244:1572180.[14]HandleyLL,AzconR,LozanoJMR.PlantDeltaN215asso2ciatedwitharbuscularmycorrhizationdroughtandnitrogendeficiency[J].RapidCommun.MassSpectrom.,1999b,13:132021324.[15]PannoSV,HackleyKC,HwangHH,etal.Determinationofsourcesofnitratecontaminationinkarstspringsusingisotopicandchemicalindicators[J].Chem.Geol.,2001,179.[16]MeginsM,SchiffSL,HarrisM.Multiplegeochemicalandiso2t