地下水中铵态氮的迁移转化过程智建辉

*121111．1008752．030006。、。、。X523AK100881002－1264201006－0036－04TransportandTransformationofAmmoniuminGroundwaterZHIJian-hui12DINGAi-zhong1ZHENGLei1ZHANGHui11．KeyLaboratoryforWaterandSedimentSciencesofMinistryofEducationCollegeofWaterSciencesBeijingNormalUniversityBeijing100875China2．SchoolofEnvironmentalSciencesandResourcesShanxiUniversityTaiyuan030006ChinaAbstractTheprimarysourcesofammoniumingroundwaterareleakandleachinginsoil．Throughsoil－columnleachingexperimentsinlaboratorycharacteristicsofNH4+－NmigrationandtransformationindifferenttypesofsoilswerestudiedandconcentrationsofNO3－－NNO2－－NNH4+－Ninsolutionsampledfromdifferentdepthsinthesoils－columnatdifferenttimesweredetectedtoresearchtheinfluencefactoronammoniumnitrogentransportandtransformation．ThecolumntestshowedthatunderthesaturatedconditionstheNH4Clwascontinuousinjectedtosoil－columnthelowerlevelofthesoilthelongerofbreakthroughtimeofammonium．ByanalyzingnitrificationabilityitwasfoundthatslightnitrationreactionoccursontheupperlayerofthesoilcolumnanddenitrificationreactionoccursonthebottomofthesoilcolumnwhichmakestheconcentrationofNO3－－Ntolower．Intheprocessofammoniumnitrogentransportandtransformationwhentheinfiltrationammoniumconcentrationislowthemainfactorthataffectsammoniumtransportandtransformationistheadsorptionproperties．Whentheinfiltrationammoniumconcentrationishighthemainfactorsarenitrationofammoniumnitrogenbybiologicalactionsdispersivityandpermeabilityofthesoil．Keywordssoilgroundwaterammoniumtransporttransformation123。。。4－8。。11．1、、63236201012URBANENVIRONMENT＆URBANECOLOGYVol．23No．6Dec．2010*“”2006BAJ04A07“”2006BAJ08B012010－07－1811。。0～20cm、20～40cm、40～60cm、60～80cm。0～30cm、30～60cm、60～90cm。、0．2mm。18cm、50cmPVC15cm、25cm、35cm。11。28cm、55cmPVC20cm、30cm1。1000mL。110cm。215cm。2．5cm2．5cm。1．2。。。1．3。。110mg/L135cmNO3－－NNO2－－NNH4+－NPH。15cm、15cm、25cm40cm210cm、20cm、45cm。3d7d。317d。22．111135cm180mL/d2。21NH4+－N。5cm。490mg/L24110mg/L110mg/L15cm、25cm15cm67290mg/L66d133d25cm9102d90mg/L277。120d150d277d。732．222135cm140mL/d3。32NH4+－N。210cm6d90mg/L90mg/L110mg/L125d。20cm30d5mg/L90mg/L170d90mg/L110mg/L70d263d110mg/L。45cm1555mg/L90mg/L120d90mg/L110mg/L150d320d110mg/L。2．311135cm180mL/dNH3－－N4。41NH3－－N98%0～3mg/L。。20d。。。5cm。。45cm40cm。。DO＜0．5mg/L20℃～40℃pH7．0～7．59。2．422135cm140mL/dNH3－－N5。52NH3－－N95%0～3mg/L。。50d。。83236201010cm345cm。1。1mg/L。3NO3－、NO2－、NH3、NH4+。1110mg/L。2。312。。。412。125cm15220cm301。140cm277d245cm320d。12。51212。1212。。。、。4pH、Eh、DO。。1．GIS/SWATR．2008．2．J．200016355－57．3．J．2006433405－413．4Ortiz－SantaliestraM．E．MarcoA．Fernandez－beneitezM．J．etal．EffectsofAmmoniumNitrateExposureandWaterAcidificationontheDwarfNewtTheProtectiveEffectofOvipositionBehavioronEmbryonicSurvivalJ．AquaticToxicology2007854251－257．5．J．199912120－23．6．NO3－—J．200221191－94．7．J．19831118－25．8．J．1999137－42．9RobertsonL．A．CornelisseR．D．HadioetomoR．etal．AerobicDenitrificationinVariousHeterotrophicnitrifiersJ．AntonieVanLeeuwenhoek1989564289－299．1980－13。93