典型工业区土壤重金属污染特征及生物有效性研究蒋煜峰

38《》[e-mail]。EnvironmentalScience&Technology38720157Vol.38No.7Jul.201511UwamunguJeanYves11211.7300702.730000、。PbZnCrCuCd113.25、92.15、78.63、44.310.32mg/kg。Pb55。0～20cm。Pb、Cd.Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr-Cd。Zn、CdCu-PbCr。ZnZnCuCrPb。X53Adoi10.3969/j.issn.1003-6504.2015.07.0121003-6504(2015)07-0058-07PollutionCharacteristicandBio-availablityofHeavyMetalsinSoilsandPlantsfromaTypicalIndustrialDistrictinLanzhouJIANGYufeng1HUXuefei1UWAMUNGUJeanYves1WANGBeilei1ZHANHuiying2LIUPengyu11.SchoolofEnvironmental&MunicipalEngineeringLanzhouJiaotongUniversityLanzhou730070China2.CollegeofChemicalEngineeringGansuLianheUniversityLanzhou730000ChinaAbstractSoilandplantsampleswerecollectedintypicalindustrialdistrictinLanzhouGansuProvince.Thelevelsspatialdistributionandpotentialecologicalriskofheavymetalswereinvestigated.InthesurfacesoilscollectedfromtypicalindustrialdistrictthemeanconcentrationsofleadPbchromiumCrzincZncopperCuandcadmiumCdwere113.2592.1578.6344.31and0.32mg/kgrespectively.TheconcentrationsofindividualheavymetalwerehigherthanthebackgroundvalueandtheconcentrationsofheavymetalsintopsoilshowedatrendinanorderofPbCrZnCuCd.Moreovertheconcentrationofheavymetalsdecreasedwiththedepthofsoil.Throughdescriptionofspatialvariationofheavymetalsindifferentareasindustrialactivitiesandtransportsweretheimportantsourcesofheavymetalpollutioninsoilinthestudyarea.Thegeo-accumulationindexIgeowasadaptedtoevaluatethepollutionstatusandthesoilqualitycontaminatedbyheavymetalsinthestudyarea.ResultsshowedthatthesoilwasmoderatelypollutedbyCuZnPbandCrbutthesoilwasseverelypollutedbyCd.TheavailablecontentsofheavymetalsinsoilsshowedthatZnCdandCuelementwereeasytoaccumulatefromsoiltoplantbutPbandCrelementwerehardtobeuptakenbyplants.TheanalyticalresultsshowedthathigherZncontentsweredetectedinplantsandtheenrichmentabilityofheavymetalsinplantsfromhightolowwasZnCuCrPb.Keywordstypicalindustrialdistrictsoilplantheavymetalspollutionassessment7[1]。[2]。11864%33%3%[3]。[4]。、、。、、、。[5]。、——、、、、、、、[6]。、。11.1、35°34′～37°07′102°36′～104°34′。1517.2m。、、、、5、、3、[6]。1.212011100～20cm26642520~10、10~20、20~30、30~40、40~50cm。、5。20℃100。20111024、、、、、、、。20g。105℃。pH15g100mL150mL1min30minpH。TOC。1.3Cu、Cd、Cr、Pb、Zn1mg/mL、、、DTPAdiethylenetriaminepentacetateacid、TEAtrolamineCaCl2·2H2O。1.410.5000g+++1∶1。21g∶=5∶121%1%。3DTPA25g38100mL50mLDTPA+TEA+CaCl22h。[7-9]。22.12.1.1265Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cr1。PbZnCrCuCd113.25、92.15、78.63、44.31、0.32mg/kgCu、ZnPb、Cr、CdPb72.67～177.38mg/kgCr44.13～106.69mg/kgZn18.89～170.81mg/kgCuCd29.18～83.96mg/kg0.113～2.24mg/kg。[10]CdPb55[11]。Pb119.61mg/kg113.84mg/kg5.45.2PbPb60%PbPbPb[12-14]。Cu50.12mg/kg2.2CuCu[15]。CdCd54%～58%、。Cd、[16]。CrCr[17]。Cr、、、、“”[18]。Cr。2.1.2。、[19]。10。254#25#4#、、25#。2。50～20cm0～20cm[20]。530～50cm1～330cm30cm。2.2Muller[21]1Table1Concentrationsofheavymetalsinsoiloftypicalindustrialdistrictmg/kgCuZnCdPbCr(n=6)33.9275.430.11397.0165.1572.52129.392.24124.695.3242.493.540.712105.480.14(n=10)29.1870.340.38472.6744.1356.81011.51177.3896.4139.8686.680.842113.8475.51(n=6)33.2388.890.45197.3664.4183.96170.811.46135.88100.7850.14102.960.891119.6181.72(n=4)38.3760.340.14892.558.2947.4677.760.711106.32106.6941.7670.420.21599.6181.91(n=26)29.1818.890.11372.6744.1383.96170.812.24177.38106.6944.3192.150.32113.2578.6322.9467.060.1421.9859.857Igeo=log2[Cn/1.5Bn]11CnnBnn。72。3。Cu0～11-Zn0～2-Cd0～440Pb1～3-Cr0～1-。-。2.3。。4。5ZnCdCuCrPb26.8%、16.9%、15.6%、13.9%3.09%。-Cd、Zn、CuPb、Cr[22]。Cd、Zn、CuPb、Cr。2Table2Classificationofsoilpollutionassessmentbythegeo-accumulationindexIgeo0Igeo≤010Igeo≤1-21Igeo≤232Igeo≤3-43Igeo≤454Igeo≤5-65Igeo≤103Table3Geo-accumulationindexinsoiloftypicalindustrialdistrictCuZnCdPbCr(n=6)-0.021-1.984-1.3701.557-0.4621.0760.3633.4171.9180.0870.244-1.1640.6151.671-0.1750～10～10～420～1(n=10)-0.238-2.306-0.0711.140-1.0240.7230.0062.3972.4280.1030.183-0.9950.0821.737-0.2900～10～10～32～30～1(n=6)-0.050-2.4130.1201.562-0.4791.280.7642.3892.0430.1670.437-0.2241.1581.846-0.1540～10～10～32～30～1(n=4)0.157-0.758-0.0171.488-0.6230.4641.1762.131.6890.2490.2740.0940.0911.593-0.16910～20～320～1382.4Cd434Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、、。3Cu、、0.134～0.606、0.136～0.3140.114～0.408mg/kg0.330、0.2020.237mg/kgZn、、0.058～2.45、0.977～2.6400.965～3.198mg/kg1.085、1.6461.664mg/kgPb、、0.423～0.840、0.254～0.6560.259～0.451mg/kg0.596、0.3810.358mg/kgCr、、0.205～0.301、0.262～0.3450.222～0.350mg/kg0.262、0.3010.297mg/kg。ZnPbCrCu。4。[23][24]。CuPbZnCrZnCr。Cu、Pb、Zn。2.5BAF[25]BAF=Cplant/Csoil2BAF-4。4ZnCuCrPb[26]。4PbBAFCuZnPbCuZn。4BAF。ZnCr2CuPbBAF2[27]。31Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、CrPbCrZnCuCd。4#25#4#25#4Table4Availablecontentsofheavymetalsinsoilsoftypicalindustrialdistrict*=C/C。C/mg·kg-1C/mg·kg-1*/%Cu2.120.90027.4541.029.284.015.61.4922.0Zn8.292.0913.557.72.1817126.83.0099.0Cd0.0870.0100.3310.2320.1202.2416.90.43127.5Cr8.313.2735.886.362.111510.72.3821.8Pb3.300.4103.6411072.671773.090.332.317。2Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr-Cd4Cd。3Zn、Cd、Cu-PbCr。ZnZnCuCrPb。ZnCrCuPb2。4Cd。[][1].[J].2010337102-137.ZhaoQinglingZhangNaidiLuWenru.Researchreviewandprospectonsoilheavymetalspollutionresearchfo－cusandanalysisbasedonthreemaj