电极生物过程除氮的实验研究汤兵

-汤　兵　朱又春　许燕滨　邓　俊　张乐华　李　勇　黄　游(,510090)　本实验研究了电极生物过程提高除氮效率的可能性,比较了普通生物反应器和电极生物反应器除氮效果的差别。结果表明:在实验条件下,电极生物反应器比普通生物反应器具有更高的除氮效率。除氮效率提高的根本原因在于引入的外电场导致了电解过程与生物过程之间出现的协同效应。　电极　生物过程　除氮1　,,[1]。,、,。CODCr、BOD5,[2],,,。,[2～5],-。2　2.1　实验装置-,PVC,19.5cm,5L,,7∶3,,,。,-。3cm,90%。,PVC,60cm,16cm,564,0.5cm,597.26cm2。。　,,(),CODCr200～400mgL、N10～45mgL,pH6.5～7.5。2.2　实验方法224h,,,,24h,8.4Lmin。2～6h。,,、、,2。-50～100mA。3　3.1　外电场对去除总无机氮的实验2,-75mA,28h,19　　　200310215DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2003.05.006,,1。1　mg·L-1-mg·L-1mg·L-120.4112.9911.3726.9316.3714.2741.2025.1224.0142.0020.4711.12　　:,。,-22.3%,2.7%。,,。3.2　外电场对去除废水中氨氮的影响。2。2　mg·L-1-mg·L-1mAmg·L-116.580.17500.2737.300.270.4020.720.03750.3035.400.502.6016.700.721002.8325.001.221.78　　3h。,-,,,。:,:。3.3　外电场对去除硝酸盐氮的影响,。,,,。32h。2h,,,。,,,。,,6h,80mA,4。3　mgL50mA75mA3.5812.9211.003.2813.9013.303.6314.7712.004.759.469.005.9022.6721.255.3013.3013.104　mgL0.790.470.010.480.280.220.840.550.43　　4,[3,4]。3.13.3:,,[5]。3.4　电极-生物过程去除总无机氮的电流效率,[6]:2NO-3+5H2+2H+※N2+6H2OH+,。,100%。-,-。,60mA,4.0～5.0h,5。,100%,,,。(23)20　　　2003102156.3　环境效益,CODCr1297ta,BOD5400ta,SS52ta。7　(1),,。,;。(2),,,,,,,。(3),,,,,,,。2a,,。(4)、,,,;,,,、,。。(5),(30min),,,,,。　　200092　1239　　(021)65982692E-mail　[e-mail]2000-11-21(20)5　mg·L-1mg·L-1%%15.574.4771.317721.268.4060.520527.5213.8949.52174　(1),,,。(2),。1　..:,1994.7.2　,,.--.,2001.21(3):257～262.3　,..(),2000.28(2):116～120.4　,..,1996.15(6):25～27.5　,,..,2001.21(4):420～425.6　,...,1998.11(1):45～47.:98,,,。　　510090　729　　(020)37627815E-mail　[e-mail].2003-02-2023　　　200310215EFFECTSOFINORGANICSALTSONTHESETTLEABILITYOFACTIVATEDSLUDGEWangShuyingetal(7)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　Thisstudywasinitiatedtoexploretheeffectsofinorganicsaltsonactivatedsludgeinordertocarryouttheprojecttouseseawaterforflushingtoilets.Withsystemtreatingfreshsewageascontrolsystem,experimentswereconductedtorespectivelyinvestigatethemorphologicalcharacteristicsofactivatedsludgefloc,activatedsludgesettleabilityandmicrobiologicalecologyinthe25gLsaltacclimatedandthe35gLsaltacclimatedactivatedsludgesystem.Thestructureofactivatedsludgeflocwasfurtherexplored.Theresultsindicatedthatinorganicsaltschangemicrobiologicalecologyandthestructureofflocaswellasstrengthenactivatedsludgesettleability.Keywords　flushingtoiletsbyseawater,salinity,activatedsludgesettleabilityandactivatedsludgeflocLAWOFOXYGENTRANSFERINPRESSUREBIOCHEMICALREACTORCaoJinghuaetal(10)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　Thelawofchangingoveralloxygentransfercoefficient(KLa)ofapressurebiochemicalreactorwiththepressureisstudiedthroughtests.TheresultsshowthatKLaisthefunctionofthepressureinthereactor,whichapproximatelylinearlydecreaseswithanincreaseinpressure.Oxygentransferefficiency(EA)isincreasedsharplywithanincreaseinpressure.Thechangeinoxygentransferpowerefficiency(EP)isalsorelatedwiththecriticalconcentrationofDO.Atconditionsoft=25～30℃,α=0.8andβ=0.9,thecriticalvalueofDOisabout5mgL,belowwhichEPdecreaseswithanincreaseinpressure,abovewhichEPincreaseswithanincreaseinpressure.EnergyconsumptionforoxygensupplymaybeminimizedatapressurecorrespondingtomaximumEP.Itismoreeconomicandreasonabletooperatethereactoratpressureof250～600kPa.Keywords　pressurebiologicaltreatment,oxygensupply,coefficientofoveralloxygentransfer,efficiencyofoxygentransferandpowerefficiencyofoxygentransferRESEARCHONSYNTHESISANDPERFORMANCEOFANEWSCALEINHIBITORFORCYCLE-COOLINGWATERSYSTEMWuBingetal(13)………………………………………………………………Abstract　Akindofwater-solublescaleinhibitorissynthesizedbasedonmaleicandacrylicacidandbyaddingperoxideandsodiumhypophosphite.Thereactionconditionswereoptimizedasfollows:temperature=85～90℃,andreactiontime=4hr,themolarratioofmaleicacidtoacrylicacid=1∶4,theamountofperoxide=10%andtheamountofhypophosphite=20%.When15×10-6ofthepreparedpolymercompoundisusedforsimulatedcoolingwater,staticscale-inhibitingratiocanreach96.46%andstaticcorrosion-delayingratiois14.56%.Keywords　scaleinhibitorfromlaleic-acrylicacid,staticscale-inhibitingrateandstaticcorrosion-delayingrateTREATMENTOFBUTTON-PRODUCINGWASTEWATERBYCOAGULATIVESEDIMEUTATION-ANAEROBIC-AEROBICPROCESSWuDongleietal(15)………………………………………………………………Abstract　Alivingexampleoftreatingbuttonmanufacturingwastewaterwithgoagulativesedimentation-anaerobic-aerobicprocesswasintroduced.TheapplicationresultshowedthattheremovalrateofCODCrandSSwere97%and99%respectively.Theeffluentcouldmeetthenationalstandardsteadily.Keywords　buttonmanufacturingwastewater,coagulativesedimentation,anaerobicandaerobicSLUDGEBULKINGANDCONTROLINSEQUENCINGBATCHREACTORLiuDapengetal(17)……Abstract　Throughanengineeringexampleofpotatofoodprocessingwastewatertreatment,itispointedoutthatsludgebulkingcanoccurbecauseofhighersludge-loadingwhichresultsinlowdissolvedoxygenconcentrationinsequencingbatchreactor(SBR)usedtotreateasilybiodegradableanddissolvedorganicwastewater.Thecauseofsludgebulkingisexploredandthedetailedintroductiontothemeasuresofcontrellingthebulkingisalsogiven.Keywords　SBR,sludgebulking,dissolvedoxygenandcontrolEXPERIMENTALSTUDYONNITROGENREMOVALB