洞庭湖区湿地景观指数选取与格局分析

19320103ResourcesandEnvironmentintheYangtzeBasinVol.19No.3Mar.2010:1004-8227(2010)03-0305-06郑建蕊1,2,蒋卫国2,周廷刚1*,侯鹏2,3,李雪2,3(1.,400715;2.,100875;3.,100875):,2000LANDSATTM,FRAGSTATS,,:Shannon;,,;,:;;;:A:2009-03-19;:2009-05-05:(40701172)(D08040600580801)().:(1983~),,,,.*E-mail:[e-mail],,[1],[2~5],[6],,[7~15],,[16],,,;,18,,,,1,,28b39c20d~30b14c18d,111b42c44d~113b39c45d,/0,,18780km2,[17],,,,1710e,2912e,285d1200~1300mm3:,,5~8,122,5,[18],,/0,,,,2ERDASIMAGINE911DataPrepariation1999LAND-SATTM[19],,6ISO-DATA,,,,,11Fig.1DistributionofWetlandLandscapeTypesinDongtingLakeAreaARCGIS912,,,,,33.1ARCGIS,,ARCGRID;,,25~400m,,100m;FRAG-STATS31318,,18[20~22]:(AWMPFD)(AWMSI)(LPI)(MPFD)(MPS)(MSI)Simpson(MSIDI)Simpson(MSIEI)(NP)(PD)(PR)(PRD)(PSCV)(PSSD)Shannon(SH-DI)Shannon(SHEI)Simpson(SIDI)Simpson(SIEI)3.2,,SPSS1310,,,,,18,,41887196%,487196%,1,14,4(2),30619,41Tab.1ResultofPrincipalComponentAnlysisofWetlandLandscapePatternIndices(%)(%)18.24445.79932.09977.05223.52665.39041.96487.9612Tab.2VariationMatrixofPrincipalComponentAfterRotationNP0.377-0.1370.732-0.280PD0.227-0.475-0.334-0.525LPI-0.3170.859-0.166-0.073MPS0.3260.9230.039-0.053PSSD-0.0440.9570.212-0.076PSCV-0.5040.6070.528-0.174MSI0.215-0.287-0.0480.881AWMSI-0.7420.0180.4910.033MPFD0.157-0.024-0.1550.917AWMPFD-0.801-0.0760.4510.092PR0.659-0.0650.201-0.234PRD-0.083-0.269-0.915-0.043SHDI0.982-0.0530.0630.083SIDI0.974-0.0740.0560.123MSIDI0.952-0.0810.0970.140SHEI0.975-0.0460.0410.110SIEI0.972-0.0730.0500.131MSIEI0.946-0.0780.0860.1534,SHDIPSSDPRDMPFD3.3,[23,24]:(1)ShannonSHDI=-Emi=1[Piln(Pi)],,,,SHDI;,SHDI(2)PSSD=Emi=1Enj=1[aij-(AZ)]2N@10-4,,PSSD=0;,PSSD(3)PRD=mA@106,(4)MPFD=Emi=1Eni=12ln(0.25Pij)ln(aij)N,,,1~2,1,,;2,,:aij;Pij;Pii;N;A;m;n44.1ARCGIS912,,,,,2,(2a),SHDI,0126,,;,SHDI,,,,PSSDSHDI(2b),3PSSD,,,,,;,,,PRD(3073:2Fig.2DistributionofLandscapeIndicesinStudyArea2c),PRD,PRD;,,,,PRDMPFD1(2d),,,4.24,,,,SHDIPSSDPRDMPFD(014012012012),,,(3)(4),,4,,SHDIPSSD;PRD;MPFD;34,(),,;(),,308193Fig.3StateofOrganization4Fig.4RelationshipBetweentheGeographicConditionandtheTrendoftheIndices5(1),,,,(2),Shannon,,,(3),,,,,,:[1],,.[J].,2002,13(1):121~125.[2].[J].,2000,20(6):1113~1115.[3],,.[J].,1997,17(5):453~461.[4]LIX,LUL,CHENGG,etal.QuantifyinglandscapestructureoftheHeiheRiverBasin,North-WestChinausingFRAG-STATS[J].JournalofAridEnvironments,2001,48(4):521~535.[5],,,.[J].,2005,25(10):2764~2775.[6].[J].,2002,17(4):508~514.[7],,,.RSGIS[J].,2003,19(2):28~31.[8],,,.[M].:,2001.[9],,.[J].,2004,59(3):391~400.[10],,.[J].,2007,16(6):732~737.[11],,,.[J].,2005,14(1):63~66.[12].[J].,2008,31(2):210~214.[13],.[J].,1996,16(4):337~344.[14],.[J].,2001,20(3):31~36.[15],,,.[J].,2005,25(3):408~414.[16].[J].,1995,15(2):113~120.[17],.[J].,2002(1):60~63.[18].[J].,2001,36(3):54~56.[19],.[J].3093:,2003,16(5):531~539.[20]WUJ,SHENW,SUNW,etal.Empiricalpatternsoftheeffectsofchangingscaleonlandscapemetrics[J].LandscapeEcology,2002,17:761~782.[21]WUJ.Effectsofchangingscaleonlandscapepatternanaly-sis:scalingrelations[J].LandscapeEcology,2004,19:125~138.[22].[M].:,2000:104~105.[23],.[J].,2003,25(6):43~51.[24],.GIS[J].,2006,15(1):112~115.SELECTIONOFWETLANDLANDSCAPEINDICESANDANALYSISOFLANDSCAPEPATTERNINDONGTINGLAKEAREAZHENGJian-rui1,2,JIANGWe-iguo2,ZHOUTing-gang1,HOUPeng2,3,LIXue2,3(1.SchoolofGeographicalSciences,SouthwestUniversity,KeyLaboratoryofEco-environmentsinThreeGorgesReservoirRegion,MinistryofEducation,Chongqing400715,China;2.AcademyofDisasterReductionandEmergencyManagement,MinistryofCivilAffairs/MinistryofEducation,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China;3.CollegeofResourcesScienceandTechnology,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China)Abstract:Basedongeographyinformationsystem(GIS)andremotesensing(RS)techniques,theinforma-tionofwetlandofDongtingLakein2000wasinterpretedusingtheLandsatTM.UsinglandscapestructureanalysisprogramFRAGSTATSandthemethodofprincipalcomponentanalysisandcovariancematrixa-nalysis,variouswetlandlandscapeindiceswerecalculatedandmajorlandscapeindiceswereselectedtoana-lyzethelandscapepatterninDongtingLakearea.TheresultshowedthatShannonDiversityIndex,PatchSizecoefficientofStandard,PatchRichnessDensityandMeanPatchFractalDimensioncouldwellreflectthecharacteristicsofthewetlandlanascape.Therewereobviousdifferencesbetweenthespatialdifferencia-tionandthestateofstructureinthestudyarea,whichshowedlargedifferencesintheproportionoftotallandareaamongdifferenttypesofwetlandwithinthewetlandlandscape,thedistributionofdifferentwet-landtypeswasun-even,andthefarmlandandlakelandscapehadobviousadvantageovertheothers.ThecitiesbothinthelakefrontofDongtingLakecoreareaandintheouterofthelakecoreareashowedthecomplexityanddiversityoflandscapepattern.Keywords:wetland;principalcomponentanalysis;landscapeindices;DongtingLake31019