多溴联苯醚在中国的污染现状研究进展

29520109ENVIRONMENTALCHEMISTRYVo.l29,No.5September2010200993.*(2009CB421602).**,Te:l01084665753;Emai:[e-mail]*张利飞黄业茹**董亮(,,,100029)(Polybrominateddiphenylethers,PBDEs)POPs.PBDEs.,PBDEs,PBDEs.PBDEs.,,,,,.(Polybrominateddiphenylethers,PBDEs),C12H(0!9)Br(1!10)O,,209.,,.PBDEs,,,.200671∀#(RoHS)PBDEs.,PBDEs(PersistentOrganicPollutants,POPs),,.20095,∀#PBDEs9POPs.()()().,,,.,,.2070,2090,PBDEs,PBDEs.POPs,∀#POPs,PBDEsPOPs,,PBDEs,,PBDEs,.PBDEs,.1PBDEs,PBDEs78829.,PBDEs.PBDEs(Vp),,[1].,,BDE209.PBDEsBDE28BDE47BDE66BDE99BDE209,.1PBDEs.1,PBDEs(8.3pg∃m-3),PBDEs[2].PBDEs.[3]PBDEs,PBDEs[4][5],BDE47BDE99BDE209,BDE209.,PBDEs.,PBDEs[1,67],PBDEs[6].1PBDEs(pg∃m-3)Table1Airconcentration(pg∃m-3)ofPBDEsindifferentsitesofChinaPBDEsBDE28BDE47BDE66BDE99BDE2092004.8921474486645617825519na[6]2004.89204!3724.60!5.7571.1!1226.32!11.761.0!122na[6]2004.102005.4689!698570!95184!38724!51110!191107!6267[8]2004.8933.8!3580.97!2.993.52!79.70.54!5.552.58!129na[6]2005.94830!11742406!1112848!4105216!970487!24911949[7]2005.1092!30861101[1]2005.9237!37618.2!28.275.2!1159.12!17.528.2!4598.9[7]2006.122007.82.3!180.53!6.90.77!7.20.16!1.60.32!1.1na[9]2004.911nd!340nd!130nd!78nand!50na[10]2005.452.2!15na1.3na0.90.8[2],PBDEsPOPs[1113],POPs[14],PBDEs.2PBDEs,PBDEs,PBDEs[15].PBDEs,PBDEs,.,PBDEs.,PBDEs.2PBDEs,BDE47BDE99BDE153BDE183BDE209PBDEs.Leung[16]PBDEs,PBDEs33000!97400ng∃g-1,2720!4250ng∃g-1,593!2890ng∃g-1,BDE20935%!82%,.,,PBDEs.Zou[15],PBDEs,PBDEs.,PBDEs[21].,Luo[22],PBDEsBDE2095:789,.2PBDEs(ng∃g-1)Table2Contaminationlevels(ng∃g-1dryweight)ofPBDEsinsoilsofChinaPBDEsBDE209PBDEs857.5!991.2naBDE47(195!264)BDE99(502!599)BDE153(68.0!82.4)15,28,47,99,139,153,154,183[17]2005.80.40!789.5naBDE47BDE99BDE1537,15,17,28,47,49,66,71,77,85,99,100,119,126,138,153,154,183,209[18]2003.81169naBDE47(5.89!244)BDE99(13.3!615)BDE100(2.7!89.4)BDE153(44.1!210)BDE183(12.3!824)3,7,15,17,28,47,49,66,71,77,85,99,100,119,126,138,139,153,154,183[19]2004.23.8!35702.7!1270BDE47(0.237!129)BDE99(0.199!233)BDE153(0.053!66.2)BDE183(0.066!111)BDE197(0.051!57.2)BDE207(0.102!132)3,7,15,28/33,47,49,66,71,77,85,99,100,119,126,138,153,154,183,190,197,203,207,209[16]2002.82.51!37.12.38!34.5BDE47(0.057!2.17)BDE99(0.023!0.502)BDE153(0.007!0.273)BDE183(0.010!0.326)28,47,66,100,99,154,153,138,183,209[15]2005.69.6!121.59.16!102BDE47(0.249!2.55)BDE99(0.051!4.2)BDE153(0.02!2.05)BDE183(0.036!8.91)28,47,66,100,99,154,153,138,183,209[15]2005.9!2006.139.1!2689.129.9!1539.3BDE209BDE207BDE206BDE2031,2,3,7,8,10,11,12,13,15,17,25,30,32,33,28,35,37,47,49/71,66,75,77,85,99,100,119,116,118,126,138,153,154,155,166,181,183,190,196,197,203,205,206,207,208,209[22]2007.4354311BDE183(10.7)BDE47(5.9)BDE153(4.4)3,15,17,28,47,66,99,100,153,154,183,209[20]3PBDEs,,PBDEs..PBDEs.3PBDEs.,PBDEs,.PBDEs0.12!5.51ng∃g-1,[23],PBDEs[24],Wang[25],PBDEsBDE209.,PBDEs.Chen[26],PBDEs,,PBDEs,,(),.,PBDEs.PBDEs79029BDE28BDE47BDE99BDE100,PBDEs,.[27],PBDEs,PBDEs.Chen[28]PBDEsBDE209BDE47BDE99,,PBDEs[29].,BDE209940kg[30].,PBDEsBDE28BDE47BDE99BDE100BDE153BDE183BDE209.,PBDEs,Leung[16],PBDEs63300ng∃g-1,,BDE209.PBDEs,Xu[31],PBDEs,BDE183.3PBDEs(ng∃l-1();ng∃g-1())Table3PBDEslevelsinwater(ng∃l-1)andsediments(ng∃g-1dryweight)inChinaPBDEsBDE209PBDEs2005.3()nd!228.2ndBDE28BDE47BDE100BDE18328,47,99,100,153,156,183,209[32]2005.52005.10()108!578876!5693BDE47BDE9928,47,99,100,153,154,183,209[27]2006()23.8!25.00.40!0.41BDE28(5.03)BDE47(10.7)BDE99(3.22)BDE100(1.00)28,47,66,85,99,100,138,153,154,183,196,197,203,205,206,207,208,209[33]2003.832.3naBDE47(3.94)BDE99(6.87)BDE153(3.36)BDE183(3.81)3,7,15,17,28,47,49,66,71,77,85,99,100,119,126,138,139,153,154,183[19]2004.26330048600BDE153(1230)BDE183(2563)BDE197(3540)BDE203(1230)BDE207(2300)3,7,15,28/33,47,49,66,71,77,85,99,100,119,126,138,153,154,183,190,197,203,207,209[16]2006.82.452.29BDE47BDE99BDE71BDE2817,28,47,66,71,85,99,100,138,153,154,183,190,209[34]2006.9!2006.121.3!1.80.41!0.93BDE47BDE99BDE100BDE15317,28,47,66,71,85,99,100,138,153,154,183,209[35]2007.21.3!1800nd!1800BDE206BDE207BDE20828,47,99,100,153,154,183,206,207,208,209[36]4PBDEs,,PBDEsPOPs.PBDEs,45:791PBDEs.,BDE209,BDE47BDE99BDE183.,600,95%PBDEs.,PBDEs2280kg[37],PBDEs.4PBDEs(ng∃g-1)Table4PBDEsconcentrations(ng∃g-1dryweight)insewagesludgeofwastewatertreatmentplantsinChinaPBDEs*BDE209PBDEs262005.2!2005.66.2!57nd!1109BDE47(5.0)BDE99(4.5)BDE183(2.1)17,28,47,66,71,85,99,100,138,153,154,183,209[38]2006.92006.123.74!10.98nd!742.53TetraBDEPentaBDE17,28,47,66,71,85,99,100,138,153,154,183,209[35]2006.92007.38.5!96.2150!22894BDE47(14.0)BDE99(17.7)28,47,66,85,99,100,153,154,183,196,197,203,205,206,207,208,209[37]*BDE2095PBDEs,,PBDEs,,.RonaldHites[39][40]PBDEs.Zhao[41]68163,15PBDEs170.02!48.3ng∃g-1,.,,POPs,POPs.,Liu[42]PBDEs244ng∃g-1,Wen[43],PBDEs25.3ng∃g-1,BDE20979.3%.,PBDEsPBDEs.,PBDEs,PBDEs.PBDEs0.66!440ng∃g-1,BDE47BDE99BDE100[44].PBDEsBDE209(61%!99%),BDE47BDE99,PBDEs,[34].BDE154,PBDEs(BSAF)lgKow,BDE183BDE154BSAF.Wang[45]PBDEs,,(),.,,PBDEs.PBDEs18!1100ng∃g-1,PBDEsBDE47BDE28BDE154BDE100BDE153[46],,PBDEs[47],,,PBDEs.PBDEs0.12!69.4ng∃g-1[48].Chen[49]PBDEs,PBDEs