洱海水体溶解氧及其与环境因子的关系

32720117ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol．32No．7Jul．2011121*31411./1000122.0751313.6710004.671000、、、、．1992～20096.61～7.42mg·L－196.42mg·L－1．5.15mg·L－1．、．、、．．．X52A0250-3301201107-1952-082010-08-012010-12-162008ZX07105-00540703017408730791974～[e-mail]*[e-mail]DOandtheEnvironmentalFactorsoftheWaterBodyinLakeErhaiZHAOHai-chao12WANGSheng-rui1ZHAOMing3JIAOLi-xin1LIUBin4JINXiang-can11.StateEnvironmentalProtectionKeyLaboratoryforLakePollutionControlResearchCenterofLakeEco-EnvironmentChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciencesBeijing100012China2．CollegeofAgriculturalScienceHebeiNorthUniversityZhangjiakou075131China3.DaliEnvironmentalMonitoringCenterDali671000China4.EnvironmentalProtectionBureauofDaliPrefectureofYunnanProvinceDali671000ChinaAbstractThecontentsofDOandnitrogenNphosphorusPchlorophyllainwaterfromLakeErhaiwereanalyzedbycombiningthenitrogenandphosphorusformsinsediment．TheresultsindicatedthattheDOcontentsofthewaterfromLakeErhaivariedfrom6.61to7.42mg/Lfrom1992to2009whichisgenerallydecreased．Theminimummeanvaluewas6.42mg/LinSeptember．ThetrendoftheDOcontentsfromnorthtosouthwasdecreasingandalsodecreasedwiththeincreasingofthewaterdepthinLakeErhaitheDOcontentwas5.15mg/Latthewaterbottom．TherelationshipbetweenthecontentsofDOandNPwasnegativeandtherelativityofdifferentmonthswasgreaterthanthatofdifferentyears．TherelationshipbetweenthecontentsofDOandthecontentsoflabile-Porganic-PNH+4-NinsedimentwasnegativewhichwaspositivewiththecontentsofFe/Al-PinorganicPandNO－3-N．TherelationshipbetweenthecontentsofDOandchlorophyllainwaterwasnegativewhichindicatedthatLakeErhaiisaerobicandisapproachinganaerobicgradually．WiththeincreasingofreleasedcontentofNandPtheincreasingofalgabiomasswasacceleratedandtheworseningofwaterbodyeutrophicationalsocanbepromotedbythedecreasedDOcontentinwaterfromLakeErhai．KeywordsErhaidissolvedoxygenphosphorusformsolubilitynitrogeneutrophication42km8.4km．1974m10.5m20.9m1．、、．23．dissolvedoxygenDO．DO4．DO5．7.5DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2011.07.0267mg·L－15mg·L－14mg·L－1DO2～5mg·L－12mg·L－1hypoxia0mg·L－1anoxia67．．1992DODO．11.18“”．1992～20082001～20094．11720095～1210～14DO84、105、117、1420.5m2mDO33．200951010cm134．1.2DO．1mol/LKCl∶=10∶125℃1h200r/min5000r/min10min0.45μmNO－3-NNH+4-N．NH+4-N、NO－3-NSON．19Fig．1SchematicgeographicmapofLakeErhaishowingthesamplingsitesSMT10111g100mL50mL、、．1．IPOP．22.11992～2009DO2a．1992～2009DO6.61～7.42mg·L－119972006．31992～1996DO19971997～20062006～2009DO．2001～2009DO2b．DO6.42～7.74mg·L－119．DODO5mg·L－1．DO8．3591321Table1Sequentialextractionofphosphorusformsinsediments、、labileP100mL1g50mL1mol/LHN4Cl25±1℃200r/min0.5h5000r/min25℃10minRSP0.11mol/LNaHCO3-NaS2O350mL40℃200r/min1h5000r/min25℃10minFe2O3Fe/Al-P1mol/LNaOH50mL25±1℃200r/min16h5000r/min25℃10min、Ca-P0.5mol/LHCl50mL25±1℃200r/min16h5000r/min25℃10min2DOFig．2VariationofDOcontentinthewaterbodyofLakeErhaibyyear2009DO32009DO3aDO8.39～8.34mg·L－1．DO5.15～7.28mg·L－119．DO3b2mDO．DO22m15m．15m2m．1220mDO5.21mg·L－1．3DOFig．3VariationofDOcontentinthedifferentlayerswaterofLakeErhai459172.2DO2.2.1DOTN、TPTNTP．DOTNTP1992～20094a4bTPDOTNDO．DOTNTP2001～20084c4dDOTNTPTPDOp＜0.01．DOTN、TP．TN、TPDO．DO．4DOTNTPFig．4RelationshipbetweenthecontentsofDOandTNTPinthewaterofLakeErhai2.2.2．labileP、RSP、Fe/Al-PCa-P10．DO5．labilePOPDOIP、RSPFe/Al-PDOFe/Al-PDOCa-PDO．labilePOPDORSP、Fe/Al-PIPDO．--DODOFe/Al-P1314．DO．DO．．NH+4-N、NO-3-NON．5591325DOFig．5RelationshipbetweenDOinthewaterandmassfactionofphosphorusformsinthesedimentDO6NH+4-NDONO－3-NDODONDO．DONH+4-NNO－3-N．DONH+4-NNH+4-NDONH+4-NNO－3-NNO－3-N1516．NO－3-NNO+4-N．DO．6DOFig．6RelationshipbetweenDOinthewaterandmassfactionofnitrogenformsinthesediment2.2.3．ChlaDOChla7．DOChla．YChla=a×XDO+ba265917DOChla．19969～1017DO9DO9．DO．7ChlaDOFig．7RelationshipbetweentheChlaandDOinwateroflakeErhai33.1DO．120.9m18．．DO．2.4～4.1m·s－140m·s－117DO2m．115m．20m10515mDO．DODODO．3.2DO、DO．1920DO．DO．6、792DO9．DO-21．--DO1314DONH+4-NNH+4-N1516．DO．3.3DODO．DOChlaDO“”5．DO19977199832191997DO．75913219、10m4m．1920．．1．DO．DO．2324232425K-r-26．27suspendedfeedersdepositfeeders28．DO．．411992～2009DO6.61～7.42mg·L－1DO6.42～7.74mg·L－19．2mDODO5.15mg·L－12m15m2．DO．2DO、．DO．DO．DODO．3DO．DO．DO．1．DNAJ．2004224672-675．2．J．20041780-85．3．J．200526538-42．4．J．2008362183-187．5．M．1998.11-13．6ChenCCGongGCShiahFK．HypoxiaintheEastChinaSeaOneofthelargestcoastallow-oxygenareasintheworldJ．MarineEnvironmentalResearch2007644399-408．7．J．D2002328687-694．8．J．20053171-7378．9．J．D2004342130-138．10．J．2008203315-322．11HupferMGachterRGiovanoliR．TransformationofphosphorusspeciesinsettlingsestonandduringearlysedimentdiagenesisJ．AquaticSciences1995574305-324．12．-、J．200022619-21．13．/J．2008155227-233．14BandoR．Sedimentschemistryandtoxicityofin-placepollutantsM．MichiganLewisPublisher1990.131-144．15．、J．2005144507-511．16LiuJJWangJQXuWX．Effectsofenvironmentalfactorson85917NH+4releaseinsedimentfromChao-hulakeJ．AgriculturalScience＆Technobgy200893153-156．17．R．20072958．18．J．D2004342130-138．19．J．20051811-4．20．J．200423101-103．21BeutelMWLeonardTMDentSRetal．EffectsofaerobicandanaerbiocconditionsonPNFeMnandHgaccumulationinwatersove