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反渗透浓水处理现状与研究进展赵春霞, 顾 平, 张光辉(天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072) : 采用反渗透膜工艺处理污(废)水,会产生约1/3的浓缩水(浓水),浓水中多含有危害人类健康和生态环境的难生物降解有机物质,其污染问题亟待解决。讨论了浓水中的主要污染物,国内外对反渗透浓水的处理途径及方法,分析了各种处理方法的优、缺点,并展望了电化学法处理反渗透浓水的前景。 : 反渗透; 浓缩水; 难生物降解; 电化学法:X703.1 :B :1000-4602(2009)18-0001-05CurrentStatusandResearchDevelopmentofReverseOsmosisConcentrateTreatmentZHAOChun-xia, GUPing, ZHANGGuang-hui(SchoolofEnvironmentScienceandTechnology,TianjinUniversity,Tianjin300072,China) Abstract: Theconcentrateproducedbyreverseosmosis(RO)processforwastewatertreatmentisapproximatelyathirdofthetotalvolumeoftherawwater.Itisdischargedintowaterfrequentlywithoutconsideringitsenvironmentalpollution.Therearelotsofbiorefractoryorganicpollutantsintheconcen-trate,whichwillthreatenhumanhealthandecologicalenvironment.ThepollutionproblemsshouldbesolvedurgentlyalongwiththewideapplicationofROtechnology.Themainpollutantsintheconcentrate,sometreatmenttechnologiesandmethodsarediscussed.Thepotentialelectrochemistrytreatmentmethodsareprospectedbasedonananalysisofthoseconcentratetreatmenttechnologies. Keywords: reverseosmosis; concentrate; biorefractorypollutant; electrochemistry (RO),,、、;,。RO、,。1 RO浓水中的污染物① (DOM)PeterM.C.129、、,45。DOM:a.,Nghiem[1]NF/RO;b.,Radjenovic[2],;c.,Ivnitsky[3]、,,。·1·第25卷 第18期2009年9月 中国给水排水CHINAWATERWASTEWATER Vol.25No.18Sep.2009② (TDS)TDS。、、、、、、。TDS,,;,。2 国内RO浓水处理方式① 。RO,,;,,,。② 。RO,,、、、;。,。③ 。、;RO,,;,。④ 。(MD),(95%),、。RO1。1 ROTab.1 MethodsofROconcentratetreatmentinChinam3·h-1/[4]200501∶3[5]1323375%~80%[6]18060[7]10033[8]20065[9]10~50[10][11]、[12]3 国外RO浓水处理方式95m3/d137(2),,。2 [13、14]Tab.2 SurveydataofAmericanmembranetechnology%RO734811231113RO51063.1 Lew[15],80%,。NingRY[16]90%,。Figueruelo[17]2.5(60%),。Singh[18],75%87%~90%。3.2 ① 。,,RO[19]。RO,[20、21]。,,,[22]。② 。,,。③ 。,,。Ning[23]RO、、,,。④ 。,,,[13]。3.3 ① 。,,。Allegre[24]///,·2·第25卷 第18期 中国给水排水 、,,。② 。、,,,。Fiona[25],。3.4 、、、、[26、27],,。3.5 ① 。DOM[28](80%~90%DOM),、。② 。,。,RO,。③ 。,,[13]。④ 。;Fenton,;TiO2,。VanHege[29]RO,,RO、COD。4 电化学法4.1 RO:,;(),;。,,Fenton,·OH。、、、、,。BadruzzamanM[30]RO,。Hege[31]RO,。3。3 Tab.3 Energyconsumptionofelectrolysismethodsfortreatmentofwastewaters ,COD/(mg·L-1)COD/%/(kW·h·kg-1COD)[32]Fe,Fe18300980.003[33]Fe,Fe281050~603.1~4.5[34]Fe,Fe420063.830.7[35]Fe,Fe11806055.61[36]Al,Al5005020SS,SS5206028.8[37]Ti/Pt,SS10478912.4[38]Ti/BDD,SS402~98051~90.215~20[39]Ti/RuO2,Ti30007540[40]Tia,887793.217[41]Tib,SS92010050[42]Tic,Ti/RuO29000089.622.8~4.8 : BDD,SS,TiaTi/TiO2·RuO2·IrO2,TibTi/Ti·Ru·SnO2,Tic+,Pt。 3,。4.2 ① 。,Fenton,(),Fenton。[43]TiO2,5-,TOC70%,。② 。,,,。,。Leite[44]2,4-,。5 结语RO、TDSDOM,DOM、,RO,。·3·赵春霞,等:反渗透浓水处理现状与研究进展第25卷 第18期RO:、、、。、、,RO。,、、、、。:[1] NghiemLD,SchaferAI.Criticalriskpointsofnanofil-trationandreverseosmosisprocessesinwaterrecyclingapplications[J].Desalination,2006,187(1-3):303-312.[2] RadjenovicJ,PetrovicM,VenturaF,etal.Rejectionofpharmaceuticalsinnanofiltrationandreverseosmosismembranedrinkingwatertreatment[J].WaterRes,2008,42(14):3601-3610.[3] IvnitskyH,KatzI,MinzD,etal.Bacterialcommunitycompositionandstructureofbiofilmsdevelopingonnanofiltrationmembranesappliedtowastewatertreatment[J].WaterRes,2007,41(17):3924-3935.[4] ,.[J].,2006,26(7):71-73.[5] ,,.[J].,2008,(2):30-32.[6] ,,,.[J].,2007,38(3):56-57.[7] ,,.[J].,2007,(2):36-37.[8] .[J].,2006,32(3):80-81.[9] ,,.RO[J].,2003,23(8):76-78.[10] ,,.[J].,2005,(5):25-28.[11] ,.[J].,2007,13(11):829-831.[12] ,,,.RO[J].,2007,23(19):1-5.[13] VanDerBruggenB,LejonL,VandecasteeleC.Reuse,treatment,anddischargeoftheconcentrateofpressure-drivenmembraneprocesses[J].EnvironSciTechnol,2003,37(17):3733-3738.[14] SquireD.ReverseosmosisconcentratedisposalintheUK[J].Desalination,2000,132(1-3):47-54.[15] LewCH,HuJY,SongLF.Developmentofanintegrat-edmembraneprocessforwaterreclamation[J].WaterSciTechnol,2005,51(6-7):455-463.[16] NingRY,TroyerTL.Tandomreverseosmosisprocessforzero-liquiddischarge[J].Desalination,2009,237(1-3):238-242.[17] Garcia-FiguerueloC,MontagB,Bes-PiaA,etal.Studyofthebehaviourofareverseosmosismembraneforwastewaterreclamation-influenceofwastewaterconcen-tration[J].Desalination,2008,222(1-3):243-248.[18] SinghR.Analysisofhighrecoverybrackishwaterdes-alinatinprocessusingfuelcells[J].SeparSciTechnol,2009,44(3):585-598.[19] Fernandez-TorquemadaY,Sanchez-LizasoJL,Gonzalez-CorreaJM.PreliminaryresultsofthemonitoringofthebrinedischargeproducedbytheSWROdesalinationplantofAlicante(SESpain)[J].Desalination,2005,182(1-3):395-402.[20] PurnamaA,Al-BarwaniHH,Al-LawatiaM.Modelingdispersionofbrinewastedischargesfromacoastaldesal-inationplant[J].Desalination,2003,155(1):41-47.[21] AlameddineI,El-FadelM.Brinedischargefromdesali-nationplants:amodelingapproachtoanoptimizedout-falldesign[J].Desalination,2007,214(1-3):241-260.[22] PurnamaA,Al-BarwaniHH.SpreadingofbrinewastedischargesintotheGulfofOman[J].Desalination,2006,195(1-3):26-31.[23] NingRY,TarquinA,TrzcinskiMC,etal.Recoveryop-timizationofROconcentratefromdesertwells[J].De-salination,2006,201(1-3):315-322.[24] AllegreC,MoulinP
本文标题:反渗透浓水处理现状与研究进展赵春霞
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