废水厌氧处理研究前沿和趋势探讨王建国

:2008-06-23:(1981-),,,。DevelopmentProgressandTrendDiscussiononAnaerobicWastewaterTreatment王建国　钱兴福　李维新(环境保护部南京环境科学研究所　南京　210042)　废水厌氧处理作为一种有竞争力的、经济的、日益成熟的生物处理工艺,是一种集环境保护、能源回收和生态良性循环于一体的技术,具有良好的社会、经济、环境效益,其研究和应用日益受到重视,工程化推广应用极其广泛。本文讨论了废水厌氧反应器的发展历程、厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮技术、两相生物反应器、高硫酸盐有机废水厌氧处理技术,并对目前废水厌氧处理的热点问题及发展趋势进行了展望。　　　　　Abstract　Furtherresearchandapplicationhavebeenattachedtoanaerobicwastewatertreatmentprocesswidely,whichisaneconomical,competitiveandmaturebiologicaltechnique.Moreover,itcansimultaneouslycontributetoenvironmentalprotection,resourcereuseandoptimalecologicalrecycleleadingtofavorablesocial,economicandenvironmentalbenefit.Itsengineeringapplicationisverywide.Inthispaper,developmentcourseofanaerobicreactor,anaerobicdenitrificationtech-nology,twophasebiologicalreactor,high-sulphate-contentorganicwastewateranaerobictreatmenttechnologyandanae-robicreactionmechanismwerediscussed,andnewdevelopmentanddirectionofanaerobictreatmentwerealsosummarizedindetailinordertoperfectanaerobictechnology.Keywords　AnaerobicTreatment　HighEfficiencyAnaerobicReactor　ANAMMOX　Two-PhaseAnaerobicProcess　High-Sulphate-ContentWastewater1　,,,、[1,2]。Lettinga2070(UASB),———,,[3-5]。、,。2　2.1　,,,()。①、②、③、④H2CO2(30%)⑤(70%),1。2.2　:①,1kgCOD—29—　DOI:10.16803/j.cnki.issn.1004-6216.2009.01.0101　0.35m3。②,,,(1500mg/L)1/3;③、。④,1/6～1/10;⑤N、P,C∶N∶P=100∶5∶1,C∶N∶P=(350-500)∶5∶1;⑥,,、、、;⑦,,;,,:①,;②,8～12;③SO2-4;④,。3　、、、。3.1　,。,,1。,,,[3]。1　[6-12]CADT,,,;;3.0kgCOD/m3·d。ACP,,,,。2.0～6.0kgCOD/m3·d。AF,,,,。。5.0～10.0kgCOD/m3·d。UASB,、、、。,,,。VSS。8.0～30.0kgCOD/m3·d。ABR,,。,,,,。AFB,,,,,,、。10.0～40.0kgCOD/m3·d。IC,2UASB。,,,,,,。20～40.0kgCOD/m3·d。EGSB,UASB,,,,,。,、、、。UBF-,,,,,,。USSB,UASBUASB,,USAB。,VFA。。—30—　35　1　200923.2　(ANAMMOX),NH+4,NO-2NO-3,NH+4、NO-2NO-3N2[13]。,、、[14,15],,。ANAMMOXDokhaven,2002627[16]。,[17],UASB,。:30℃、pH7.5UASB210d,NH+4-NNO-2-N3～5mmol/L4～6mmol/L,68.0%95.1%。,,。,[18],NO-2-N,NO-2-NANAMMOX,AN-AMMOX,NO-2-N∶NH+4-N1.3∶1。3.3　,,,。1971GhoshPoland(TPA),1977。(、pH),2,。,,,,,、SS[19-21],。、[22]-。:7000～40000mg/L(B/C0.2),COD20～30kg/m3·d,COD47.1%,COD6.0～7.0kg/m3·d,COD94.07%,。3.4　,,H2S,,:SO2-4、COD/SO2-4、pH、()[23]。,:、-、、、、,[24、25]。。-,,,,[24]。,,,,,[25、26],。4　、、,、,。,—31—　,,。　　　1.R.E.,.[J].:,2001.4.2.,.[J].,2002(5):12-14.3.HulshoffPol,L.W.;Lopes,S.I.D.;Lettinga,G.etc.Anaerobicsludgegranulation[J].WaterResearch,2004(38):1376-1389.4.VanGinkelS.W.,KortekaasS.J.M.;vanLierJ.B.Thechronictoxicityofalcoholalkoxylatesurfactantsonanaerobicgranularsludgeinthepulpandpaperindustry[J].EnvironmentalScienceandTechnology,2007,41(13):4711-4714.5.EjlertssonJ.,NilssonM.-L.,KylinH.Anaerobicdegradationofnonylphenolmono-anddiethoxylatesindigestorsludge,landfilledmunicipalsolidwaste,andlandfilledsludge[J].Envi-ronmentalScienceandTechnology,1999,33(2):301-306.6.,.[J].,2004,22(1):7-10.7..[M].:,1992,165-170.8.,.UBF[J].,2000,1(6):20-24.9.,,.[J].,2002,3(8):63-66.10..———IC[J].,2001,11(6):45-48.11.,,.[J].,2003,4(4):61-65.12.,,.———USSB[J].,2005,6(4):80-83.13.,.[J].,2005,25(4):267-270.14.ThanKhin,AjitP.Annachhatre.Novelmicrobialnitrogenre-movalprocesses.BiotechnologyAdvances,2004,22:519-532.15.MikeS.M.Jetten,MarcStrousetc.Theanaerobicoxidationofam-monium[J].FEMSMicrobiologyReviews,1999(22):421-437.16.,,,.[J].,2005,19(2):13-15.17.,.[J].,2004,24(2):103-106.18.,,.[J].,2005,27(5):324-326.19.,,.[J].,2006,32(1):24-26.20.,.[J].,2006,20(1):10-13.21.,,.[J].,2005,28(3):32-34.22.,,.[J].,2005,26(4):106-110.23.,.[J].,2005(4):35-37.24.,,.[J].,2003,29(8):46-50.25.,.[J].,1999,17(3):3-7.26.,,.[J].,2003,11(4):57-59.(上接第28页)Fenton。Fenton,H2O2,·OH,;,,。4:30min,COD,75%。3　Fenton,,。Fenton,pH,(FeSO4)(H2O2)1.5g、4.0mL,30min,,COD75%。　　　1..[J].,2001,11(7):269-273.2.,.[J].,2002,(2):9-10.3.EisenhauserHR.Oxidationofphenolic.waster.Poll.Control.Fed.1964,36(9):1116-1128.4.KangY·W,HwangK·Y.EffectsofreactionconditionsontheoxidationefficiencyintheFentonprocess.Wat.Res.,2000,34(10):2786-2790.5.,,.Fenton-[J].(),2005,(6):155-158.6.,,,.Fenton[J].,2000,21(3):93-96.7..()[M].:.2002.—32—　35　1　20092