沸石净化养殖水体的研究进展丁升艳

254　　　Vol.25No.4200411EcologyofDomesticAnimalNov.2004丁升艳1,陈安国1,阎祥洲2(1.,　310029;2.,　450002)[　]　沸石由于比表面积大、吸附性能高、离子交换性良好,还可做为理想的生物载体,已在环保和饲料工业领域中得到了广泛的应用。本文从沸石的结构和功能展开,综述了其在养殖水体净化中去氨增氧、减少赤潮发生、治理富营养化水体以及培养生物沸石处理养殖废水等的应用。并进一步展望了沸石分子筛吸附微生物组合来改善养殖水体底泥的可能性,沸石的活化、改性和复合工艺更将拓展沸石净化养殖水体能力。[]　沸石;净化;水处理;养殖水体[]　S811.5　　　　　[]　A　　[]　1004-5228(2004)04-0183-04　　,、,,。,3%～5%,,,,,、。,。,,,。,、。1　()、、。1。1.1　、、(0.3～1nm)。,。1.2　,,。,SO2、NH3、NO2。1.3　K+、Na+、Ca2+,。,。,,,。2　,,,。,。2.1　2.1.1　物理法过滤　,、。,,、。[]　2004-04-15[]　(1982-),,,,:。,,。,,、、。,,。1　(%)(mg/kg)69.77150012.87002.25403.33401.15350.92150.69150.275.50.1530.080.50.010.01　　:.[J].,2003,24(3).2.1.2　去氨增氧　、、。(NH3、NH4+),。,,,,。,0.025mg/L。、、,,,,。1kg,2000ml,,,;,,。2.1.3　减少赤潮发生的可能性　,。,、,。(2000)。,,。。2.2　2.2.1　直接投加沸石粉　,,、,,,。。2.2.2　制备高效水质净化剂　、,、。、、,。,,,。,,。(2001),,,。,,,。2.2.3　构成生物反应器　、,。,。,,。,,85%,。,。2.2.4　作为有益微生物基底培养优势菌群　,。,,、。,、,,184　　　25,。,,。,05cm。,,。。、、,,。,、,,,。,,,。,,,。3　3.1　,,。,,。,。。。3.2　。(2002)、、、,,10d,。3.3　,,,,、、,。,。,,,,,。,。Lei,Yang(1997),,。Sakadevan2.15g/kg。(2000)、N02--N、Mn、。,NH3-N93%,N02--N90%,32%。(2003)COD。NH3-N,95%,N03--N。3.3.1　生物沸石床/转盘的培养　48h,,N、P,。,,。3.3.2　脱氮机理和沸石的再生　NH3-N,NH3-N、,NH3-NN03--N,N03--NN2N2O。NH3-N,NH3-NN03--N,,,NH3-N。,。3.4　(2003),,。,,,。,,。Leppert(1990),,Pb,Pb155.4mg/g。、、、1854:。Li,,,。(2003)/,,,,。。,pH5～10、。,。:“”,,。4　,:①,;②,;③,;④,,;⑤,。:[1]　.[J].,2001,(4):42-43.[2]　,,　.[J].,2001,22(5):38-41.[3]　,,.[J].,2003,16-17.[4]　　.[J].,2003,24(3):23-27.[5]　　,　.[J].,2003,23(3):250-254.[6]　　.[J].,2002,(4):30-32.[7]　.[J].,2003,(3):23-24.[8]　　,.[J],,2000,4:27-29.[9]　IntelligenceResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofFisheryScience,Fisherysurveyofabroad[M],Beijing:SciencePress,1991,100-101.[10]　,,.[J].,2000,(6):28-30.[11]　　,.[J].,2002,22(3):207-209.[12]　,.[J].,1995,19(1):94-96.[13]　,,.[J].,2001,21(2).[14]　　,,.[J].,1999,18(11):490-493.[15]　　,,.[J].,2002,21(10):588-592.[16]　,,.3[J].,2002,9(4).[17]　.[J].,1991(2):43-44.[18]　ShipigelMA,Neori,PopperDM,etal,Aproposedmodelfor“environmentallyclean”land-basedcultureoffish,bi-valvesandseaweeds[J].Aqu,1993,117:115-128.ProgressofApplyingZeoliteinPurifyingCultureWaterBodyDINGSheng-yan1,CHENAn-guo1,YANXiang-zhou2(1.AnimalNutrition,DepartmentofAnimalScience,ZhejiangUniversity;2.AgriculturalScienceInstituteofHenan,Zhengzhou,Henan,450002,China)Abstract:Zeolite,foritshighspecificsurfacearea,powerfulabsorptioncapacityandgoodexchangeprosperitieshasbeenwidelyappliedtoenvironmentalprotectionindustryandfeedindustry.Thestudyandapplicationsituationofzeoliteinpurifyingaquaculturewaterbodyandwastewatertreatmentswerere-viewedinthispaper.Theprospectsoftheresearchinganddevelopmentofzeoliteasmolecularsievetocul-turepredominantbeneficialbacteriagrouptoimprovethesedimentpropertywereputforward.Existentproblemsandfurtherdevelopmentdirectionswerealsopointedout.Keywords:zeolite;purification;watertreatment;culturewaterbody186　　　25