富营养化水体中水生植物的生态和生理生化效应

()35(3):337344,2009JournalofZhejiangUniversity(Agric1&LifeSci1):100829209(2009)0320337208DOI:10.3785/j.issn.100829209.2009.03.016:2008206225:(2006C32027);(2006C100006).:(1963),,,,.Tel:[phone];E2mail:[e-mail].1,2,1(1.,315100;2.,321100):(MyriophyllumspicatumLinn.)(HydrocotyLevuLgarisLinn.)(JussiaearepensLinn.)(Nymphoidespeltatum(Gmel.)O.Kuntze.)4,,4.,,3.4CODBOD5,20d,CODBOD579186%77150%75158%72156%77140%76141%78123%73145%;80139%46145%48101%45159%69180%52112%50185%34129%;20d.,325dCODBOD5.4ab,a/b.4,MDA,CATPODSOD,.,4,,.:;;;;:X592;S382:AWUYue2yan1,WUQiu2feng2,CENGHua2jun1(1.CollegeofBiologyandEnvironment,ZhejiangWanliUniversity,Ningbo,Zhejiang315100,China;2.ForestryBureauofLanxiCounty,Lanxi,Zhejiang321100,China)Ecologicalandphysiochemicaleffectofaquaticplantsineutrophicationwater.JournalofZhejiangUniversity(Agric1&LifeSci1),2009,35(3):3372344Abstract:BycultivatingfouraquaticplantsincludingMyriophyllumspicatumLinn.,HydrocotylevulgarisLinn.,JussiaearepensLinn.andNymphoidespeltatum(Gmel.)O.Kuntze.inasimulatingwintereutrophicationwater,theirgrowth,physiologicalpropertyandenzymaticactivitieswerestudied,aswellastheirecologicaleffectsonwaterbody.TheresultsshowthatM.spicatumgrewwellandtheothershadthelittlefreezinginjuryinthelateprocessoftheexperiment.ThefourplantshadremarkableeffectsonremovingCODandBOD5fromtheeutrophicationwater.TheremovalratesofCODandBOD5were79186%,77150%,75158%,72156%and77140%,76141%,78123%,73145%,respectively,byM.spicatum,H.vulgaris,J.repensandN.peltatumuntilthe20thday;andtheturbidityofthe()eutrophicationwaterwasdecreasedgraduallyduringthe202dayscultivationperiod.Meanwhile,theremovalratesforTNandTPwere80139%,46145%,48101%,45159%and69180%,52112%,50185%,34129%,respectively,bythefourplantstilltheendoftheexperiment.TheconcentrationsofCOD,BOD5andtheturbidityoftheeutrophicationwaterincreasedslightlyaftercultivatingotherthreeplantsfor25daysexceptforM.spicatum.ChlaandChlbcontentsofthefourplantsincreasedsignificantlyintheearlyperiod,buttheChla/bcontenthadlittledifferenceamongthetreatmentsbeforeandaftertheexperimentcomparedwiththecontrol.Moreover,solubleproteincontentsincreasedremarkablyandMDAcontentsdecreased.CAT,PODandSODactivitiesofthefourplantscultivatedintheeutrophicationwaterincreasedsignificantlycomparedwiththosebeforetheexperiment.Withthewaterqualityimproving,mostofphysiologicalandbiochemicalindexesofthefourplantswereclosedtothesteadylevelbeforetheexperiment.Itwasindicatedthateutrophicationwaterwasbeneficialtothegrowthofaquaticplantsandincreasedtheirresistance.Keywords:aquaticplants;eutrophication;ecologicaleffect;physiologicalproperty;enzymaticactivity,NP,,.,5[1],[2].,NP,.[3][4][526][7],.,,,,.,,,.,,.,,,.4,,,.1111(),4:(MyriophyllumspicatumLinn.)(HydrocotylevulgarisLinn.)(JussiaearepensLinn.)(Nymphoidespeltatum(Gmel.)O.Kuntze.)..,NP,01018mg!mL-1NH4HCO301113mg!mL-1KH2PO3,121228mg!mL-1,01880mg!mL-1,pH7123.112,200612252007125.,.100300,5d,1215L.75cm,,83335,:715L.,500g.11,3.200711,5d.2530g,4,,,-20.[8],[9](MDA),[10](CAT)(POD)(SOD).4.SOD50%/U,PODCATmin0101/U,1MDACATPODSOD.401530cm,200mL,5(BOD5)(COD).BOD5,COD(GB11914289),[11],[12],BOD5COD.DPS[13]..:015d911;1625d57;,..221121111CODCOD,5dCOD,20dCOD79186%77150%75158%72156%;,COD,COD,4COD(1).1CODFig.1EffectsofdifferentplantsonremovingCODfromeutrophicationwater2BOD5Fig.2EffectsofdifferentplantsonremovingBOD5fromeutrophicationwater21112BOD5COD,,BOD5,5dBOD5,510d,10dBOD564194%47181%54139%46157%,BOD5,20d77140%76141%78123%73145%;BOD5,BOD5,4BOD5(2).9333()211134,,40155%;20d54121%64109%61118%,,(3).3Fig.3Effectsofdifferentplantsonturbidityofeutrophicationwater4Fig.4EffectsofdifferentplantsonremovingTNfromeutrophicationwater21114,4,,80139%,69180%;46145%48101%45159%,52112%50185%34129%;3,3(4,5).5Fig.5EffectsofdifferentplantsonremovingTPfromeutrophicationwater21221211015d,911,,,4;1625d,57,,,,,3.21212aa,;5d,15da,;20d;15da,(1).21213bb,5d,15d,;b(2).21214a/b515d5d10da/b,(3).04335,:1aTable1ChangesofChlacontentsofdifferentplantleavesduringexperimentmg!g-1FW0d5d10d15d20d25d110401053161011133117801113113601071121010211050110017501022103011033112401163110501113018401050176010001860104117501013311900101331151010133111901013019301021124010141130106332197011933119201071186010211270108:Bonferroni,3;333P0101P0105.2bTable2ChangesofChlbcontentsofdifferentplantleavesduringexperimentmg!g-1FW0d5d10d15d20d25d015401018501890101953301750102573016601022201550100280155010059013801010175010233016001023014901033014901013014901013013901030159010130180010133015501013015101013014501013016101010196010433018501013016301010162010101610120:Bonferroni,3;333P0101P0105.3a/bTable3ChangesofChla/bofdifferentplantleavesduringexperimentmg!g-1FW0d5d10d15d20d25d11950103410701313331270110410701212139010511920117210001102176012031140114321150117116901071157011221180102219501213213601183217301173213401132103011021050103413001243331490126333104011533100010221080124:Bonferroni,3;333P0101P0105.213MDA21311MDA4MDA,,68102%38109%;,10d,,;5d,,39150%(6)..213124,,1015d,,6Fig.6ChangesofMDAcontentofdifferentplantleavesduring