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201129钢铁工业废气中的二恶英张传秀1 张 培2(1.,200003;2.,201900) :二恶英具有“三致”毒性,是一种迄今为止发现过的最具致癌潜力的物质,即使在浓度很低的环境中人体也会发生诸多病变,国际癌症研究中心早已将其列入人类一级致癌物。对于钢铁行业,其主要产生于烧结和电炉炼钢两大生产工序;结合二恶英的性质及产生机理,对烧结、电炉炼钢、高炉炼铁等生产工序二恶英的产生情况进行了简要介绍。:二恶英(PCDD/F);烧结;电炉;高炉DIOXININWASTEGASFROMIRONANDSTEELINDUSTRYZhangChuanXiu1 ZhangPei2(1.ShanghaienvironmentproteetionenterprisedevelopmentCo.,Ltd,Shanghai200003,China;2.BaosteelEngineering&TechnologyGroupCo.,Ltd,Shanghai201900,China)Abstract:Dioxinisthemajorcauseformalformation,cancer,mutation,itissofarthemostpotentialcarcino-genthathasbeenfound.Althoughlowerconcentrationincircumstance,itwillleadtomanypathologicchan-gestohuman.Dioxinhasbeenlistedastheclass1humancarcinogenbyInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer.Forironandsteelindustry,dioxinismainlyproducedbothinsinterandelectricarcfurnaceprocesses.Combinedwiththepropertyandcreationmechanismofdioxin,thepaperbrieflyintroducedthedioxinforma-tionfromsinter-making,electricarcfurnace,blastfurnaceprocessesKeywords:dioxin(PCDD/F);sinter;electricarcfurnace;blastfurnace1 ,--(Poly-chlorinateddibenzo-p-dioxins,PCDDs)(Polychlorinateddibenzofurans,PC-DFs),“PCDD/F”。,PCDD/F210(PCDDs75、PCDFs135)。PCDD/F,,303~306℃[1-2]、421~447℃[2],、,,700℃[1-2]、1300℃[3];,,5~10、7[4];,,、。,PCDD/F。PCDD/F,、、、、、、,、,“”。,。,PCDD/F,、、、;、,、,、、,。2 PCDD/F,PCDD/F:(、),(、)(),,()。,、、PCDD/F。PCDD/F,153DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2011.s1.025 201129,[10]:1)(、、)、、,。2),250~450℃,PCDD/F。3)(“”),PCDD/F。PCDD/F,4:1),,()。2),()(PVC、、)。3),350℃。4),、(、),25[11],CuCl2[12]。3 PCDD/FPCDD/F。PCDD/F,,、、、。3.1 烧结工序PCDD/F,“”[10]。、、,PC-DD/F“”[13-15],()、、。(),(50~250mg/kg[16])(HCl、Cl2[15]);(10×10-4%、50×10-4%[13]),PCDD/F。,PCDD/F[13]。[13],PCDD/F,PCDD/F,。,。SO2SO3Cu+2CuSOx(CuCl2);SO2Cl2H2OHClSO3、,。,(),PCDD/F(),。PCDD/F[10,15,17-19],(PCDFs)(85%、89%[17]);PCDFs,2378PCDFs。,PCDD/F[13],[17]:,,PCDD/F。[19],PCDD/F0.5~6.5μg-TEQ,0.23~3.3ng-TEQ/Nm3;,0.5~5ng-TEQ/Nm3(),1~10μg-TEQ。5350.4~4.4ng-TEQ/Nm3[17],1.3ng-TEQ/Nm3,941.2ng-TEQ/Nm3[10]。[17],2~3ng-TEQ/Nm3,5~6ng-TEQ/Nm3,:1)()20μg-TEQ,10ng-TEQ/Nm3。2)()5μg-TEQ,2.5ng-TEQ/Nm3(、、);3)154 2011290.3μg-TEQ,0.2ng-TEQ/Nm3。,29~90ng-TEQ/kg,196~488ng-TEQ/kg。3.2 电炉工序,、、,PCDD/F;PCDFsPC-DDs[3],4~6PCDFsPCDDs[3,20]。,PC-DD/F,:1)“”“”:(“”),、、“”(),、、PCDD/F。,()(Consteel)、,PCDD/F。2)“”:,1000℃CO,();PCDD/F,PCDD/F。PCDD/F,(10%[21]),,、。、、“”,PCDD/F“”。[10],(PVC),(),,PCDD/F。,;,、、,()。PCDD/F[17]:,,PCDD/F、。PCDD/F,(),。,PCDD/F,5~10,。[19],PCDD/F0.07~9μg-TEQ:80.2~9μg-TEQ/t、4μg-TEQ/t;40.07~1.8μg-TEQ/t,0~5.7μg-TEQ/t,1.7μg-TEQ/t。[16]:()、,10μg-TEQ/t;,3μg-TEQ/t。[21-22],PCDD/F:()2~8ng-TEQ/Nm3,200℃4~12ng-TEQ/Nm3;()0.2~1.5ng-TEQ/Nm3,1~3ng-TEQ/Nm3;0.1~0.7ng-TEQ/Nm3,0.04~0.06ng-TEQ/Nm3。3.3 高炉工序PCDD/F,PCDD/F。[16],1~4ng-TEQ,。[19],10ng-TEQ,[16]。,PCDD/F,PCDD/F。:,PCDD/F、,“1~4ng-TEQ/t”“10ng-TEQ/t”,。PCDD/F,PCDD/F,、;0.5%,。3.4 其他工序PCDD/F,、、PCDD/F。3.4.1 155 201129[19],6ng-TEQ,;PCDD/F1~60ng-TEQ,。[16],PCDD/F,0.06μg-TEQ。3.4.2 PCDD/F,COGVOC、PAH、BTX、Bap,PCDD/F(),。[16]:3μg-TEQ,0.3μg-TEQ。3.4.3 PCDD/F0.1ng-TEQ/Nm3;0.09~7.1μg-TEQ/TJ,0.02~0.03μg-TEQ/TJ。[16]:10μg-TEQ/TJ,2.5μg-TEQ/TJ,0.5μg-TEQ/TJ。4 ,PCDD/F。11%~12%(、、、),,,450kg(800kg);,PCDD/F95%。,PCDD/F。PCDD/F,PCDD/F,PCDD/F。,,PCDD/F,、,。[1].[J].,2004(2):74-76.[2],,.[J].,2004,(2):80-83.[3].[J].,2003(10):70-73.[4],.[J].,2005(17):134-136.[5].[J].,2002(4):343-345.[6],.[J].,2004(4):513-514.[7].Remedia[J].,2004(6):343-345.[8].[J].,2001(6):412-413.[9].[J].,2003():64-68.[10].[J].,2005(3):4-10.[11],.[J].,2001(10):44-47.[12],,.[J].,2005(2):153-156.[13](),..[14]()PengfuTan,DieterNeuschutz.--/[J].,2006(2):39-46.[15]()SuzukiK,KasaiE,AonoT,etal.[J].,2005(6):1-5.[16]().[C].2005.[17],.[J].,2000(8):62-65.[18]()K.Hofstadler..[19]IPPC.()[M].:《》,2006.[20].———[J].,2007,5032(61):10.[21]()J.Lehner,A.Friedacher.[G]...(STEELTIMES,6/2003).[22]LehnerJ,FriedacherF.[G].STEELTIME,2003(6):40-44. 200003 1200E-mail Zhangchuanxiu@yeah.net2010-06-12156
本文标题:钢铁工业废气中的二恶英张传秀
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