高负荷厌氧生物反应器研究进展及其应用汤兵

2011，29（03），。，（，），。。，。；；；X703Adoi10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.03.13，，510006ProgressandApplicationofHigh-loadAnaerobicBioreactor：2010-05-10；：2010-12-11：，，，：[e-mail],XUJinmiaoFacultyofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,GuangdongUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510006,ChinaAbstractBasicprincipleofanaerobicdigestionissimplyreviewed.Itincludesanaerobicdigestiontheoryandthemaininfluencingfactors.Thedevelopmenthistoryofanaerobicdigestersissummarized,andthecharacters,therunningmechanisms,andapplicationofsometypicallyhigh-loadreactors,suchasUpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket(UASB),anaerobicexpandedgranularsludgebedandICanaerobicreactor,areespeciallyintroduced.Insummingup,theproblemsandthedefectsofthehigh-loadanaerobicreactorsareputforward.Finally,itisalsopointedoutthatthefuturestudyofanaerobicdigestershouldfocusonhowtoraisethereactors'efficiency.Keywordsanaerobicbioreactor;upflowanaerobicsludgeblanket;anaerobicexpandedgranularsludgebed;ICanaerobicreactor0，、。，，、。。，，。。，20083，2．66×107t（80％）[1]；“”，2200t（80％），10%[1]。。，。，、、、、、，[2-3]。（UpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket，UASB），2090[4]；，57%[5]。，[6]。11.1，，（），CH4CO2。、[7]，。，LiseApples[8]4，（Reviews）762011，29（03）、、，1。，CH4CO2；，CO2CH4。1.2，。，[9-11]，：（1）。、（28～38℃）（48～60℃），，。35℃。（2）pH。pH。pH，，pH，pH6.5~7.2。（3）。，，；，，。（4）。，。，。，。，。（5）。。C/N，C/N，，，pH，；C/N，，。，C/N（30～20）:1。（6）。，、、、、、NH4+、、。22.1，[10]。2070，，，（AF）、（UASB）、（AAFEB）、（EGSB）（IC）。，3[12-13]。1，，，，。2，，，。：；2060；70G.LettingaUASB，；（AFB）；。32，，，，，。：（UFB）；（EGSB）；。2.22.2.1UASBUASB、，，。。，，、。，、、，，。（1）UASB。，，，，，，。、、，；，，[14]。（2）UASB。1976UASB。，6m3UASB14~17h，20℃13~17℃，COD（）65%~85%55%~70%。，、、、UASB。4500m3，UASB，COD85%[15]。AyoobTorkian[16]UASB（COD）13~30kg·m-3·d-1，，COD（SCOD）75%~90%，（COD）30kg·m-3·d-1，。[17]12~1Fig.1Schematicdiagramofanaerobicdigestion（Reviews）772011，29（03）18℃，7~12h，COD（TCOD）（BOD）40%~60%50%~70%。，，。NidalMahmoud[18]UASBUASBUASB-Digester（）。UASB-Digester。UASB15℃6h，35℃。，UASBUASB-DigesterCOD。UASBUASB（TS）、（SS）、SCOD66%、87%、30%44%、73%、5%。，UASB-Digester，。UASB，。，（COD）2.0~4.5kg/m3（COD）0.1~0.25kg/kg（VSS）·d（VSS），COD90%[19]。2.2.2EGSBUASB，。，，。，SS。EGSB20，。，，。（1）EGSB。EGSB、、、、。，，。。，，。。（2）EGSB。EGSBBiothaneBiobedEGSB。，，[20]。[21]EGSB，COD411~560mg/L，COD67~88mg/L，85%。。，[22]EGSB，COD8200~90000mg/L，COD98%。[23]EGSBCOD8000~12000mg/L，85%。EGSBCOD。Chu[24]EGSB。15℃，COD90%~88%；11℃，3.5h5.7h，COD76%81%。，。，，。2.2.3IC2080Paques。1985，IC。UASB。ICUASB，，，。IC、、4。，[13，15，25]。（1）IC。，，，，，；，，。（2）IC。IC、、、，、、。，IC，、[26]。[27]IC，，COD80%，70%，。IC，。ICCASS（CyclicActivatedSludgeSystem），COD97%。3，、、、，。，，，，，，。。，。（1）UASB、EGSB，。UASB，；EGSB，。，，，、。（Reviews）782011，29（03）（2），。：、，，。。（3），。，，。（References）[1],,.[J].,2009,29(4):673-681.XiaoBenyi,YanHong,WeiYuansong.ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,2009,29(4):673-681.[2],,.[J].,2006,25(2):11-14,19.DaiQianjin,FangXianjin,ShaoHuihuang.ChinaBiogas,2006,25(2):11-14,19.[3],,,.[J].,2006,24(12):21-24.TaiMingqing,JiaDongfang,ZhangLili,etal.ChinaResourcesComprehensiveUtilization,2006,24(12):21-24.[4]SeghezzoL,ZeemanG,vanLierJB,etal.Areview:TheanaerobictreatmentofsewageinuasbandEGSBreactors[J].BioresourceTechnology,1998,65:175-190.[5],,.[J].,2004,20(12):89-92.HangShiju,LiuXudong,LiangPeng.ChinaWaterandWastewater,2004,20(12):89-92.[6],,.[J].,2006,22(23):95-98.DaiQianjin,LiYi,FangXianjin.ChinaWaterandWastewater,2006,22(23):95-98.[7],,.[J].,2005,23(6):37-40.HuangHaifeng,YangKai,WangHui.ChinaResourcesComprehensiveUtilization,2005,23(6):37-40.[8]ApplesL,BaeyensJ,DegreveJ,etal.Principlesandpotentialofanaerobicdegestionofwaste-activatedsludge[J].ProcessinEnergyandCombustionScience,2008,34:755-781.[9],,.[M].:,2004.TangShouyin,DaiYouzhi,etal.Wastewatertreatmentengineering[M].Beijing:ChemicalIndustryPress,2004.[10]GerardiMH,SomersetW.Themicrobiologyofanaerobicdigesters[J].JournalofHazardousMaterials,2004,106:177-178.[11].[J].,2008,35(1):7-11.YiShouqian.Safety,HealthandEnvironmentalProtetionofTrailwayLabour,2008,35(1):7-11.[12],.[J].,2006,32(11):26-28.CaoDongmei,LiuKun.IndustrySafetyandEnvironmentalProtection,2006,32(11):26-28.[13],.[J].,2004,22(1):7-11.HeLiansheng,ZhuYingbo.EnvironmentalEngeneering,2004,22(1):7-11.[14]LiuYu,XuHailou,YangShufang,etal.Mechanismsandmodelsforanaerobicgranulationinupflowanaerobicsludgeblanketreactor[J].WaterResearch,2003,37:661-673.[15],,.[J].,2006,27(1):51-53.ChenWei,ZhuLei,LiangHuajie.ForeignBuildingMaterialsTechnology,2006,27(1):51-53.[16]TorkianA,EqbaliA,HashemianSJ.TheeffectoforganicloadingrateontheperformanceofUASBreactortreatingslaughterhouseeffluent[J].ResourcesConservation&Recycling,2003,40:1-11.[17]deManAWA,vanderLastARM,etal.TheuseofEGSBandUASBanaerobicsystemsorlowstrengthsolubleandcomplexwastewatersattemperaturesrangingfrom8to30°C[C]//Proceedingsofthe5thInternationalSymposiumonAnaerobicDigestion.1988:197-208.[18]MahmoudN,ZeemanG,GijzenH,etal.Anaerobicsewagetreatmentinaone-stageUASBreactorandacombinedUASB-Digestersystem[J].WaterResearch,2004,38:2348-2358.[19]GhangrekarMM,AsolekarSR,JoshiSG.CharacteristicsofsludgedevelopedunderdifferentloadingconditionsduringUASBreactorstart-upandgranulation[J].WaterResearch,2005,39:1123-1133.[20],,.[J].,2008,39(1):12-1