官厅水库入库口复合湿地系统对入库水质的净化段伟

　2009-1045(5/6)()JournalofBeijingNormalUniversity(NaturalScience)　595　　段　伟1,2)　刘昌明1)　黄炳彬3)(1),,100875,;2),100038,;3),100044,)　、、,、、,,,,,,,.　;;;;:2009-05-25　　,108km.,,.4.3×104km2..2070,,1999,9328×104m3,8600×104m3.1997.,《21》“,”.,、.、,“”“”,,,20038,20047.,,2005,.1　2080,,20.4×108m31.4×108m3.1980—199920m3·s-184.7%.2004,4m3·s-1,.,2004、20052.7m3·s-1.90%,Ⅴ.(NH3-N),ρ9.5mg·L-1,Ⅴ5～12;(TP)、0.9,0.5mg·L-1,Ⅴ,TPρ;BOD517.5mg·L-1,95.5mg·L-1.69(),;4、5、10(),;113(),.,.,.,,,0.2～0.6m3·s-1,,,、.:、、、、.1.2　(),,　596　　()45　1　　,,1km,400m.2.5km,400～500m,9m(476.0m).,84hm2,.264×104m37.6d.20m3·s-1.8800×104m3,40%.,,;,;6.84×104m2,、、、,474.5m,2.52×104m2.2.1　　.、、,:、、、、、、、.2　1):(2).TP64.3%,ρ(TP)0.61mg·L-1,ρ()0.39mg·L-1,ρ(TP)63.5%,.NH3-N、(TN),17.6%、16.7%;CODMn33.7%.、,.TP,ρ(TP)(0.2mg·L-1),3.3　TP　2):,、、、,,,.3):,ρ()6mg·L-1,4mg·L-1.NH3-N,4,ρ(NH3-N)I.TN,、.4　　4)、:、,,N、P,,.2.2　　3,.3　5/6　:597　　　:1)NH3-N,TN(1k),,,.NH3-N,ρ(TN)ρ(NH3-N).NH3-Nk0.0127d-1,0.0672d-1;TNk0.0135d-1、0.0473d-1.TN2mg·L-1,0.5～2.0mg·L-1.　1　Tρ(TN)kρ(NH3-N)kρ(CODMn)kdmg·L-1d-1mg·L-1d-1mg·L-1d-12005-01-21028.3735.0019.052005-02-2030.0019.370.012723.330.01358.190.02812005-06-080.003.408.535.612005-06-2214.001.330.06724.400.04734.620.0139　　　　＊k,ln(ρ0/ρe)=k·T.5　　　2)TP,ρ(TP)0.2mg·L-1,,ρ(TP),.3),Ⅳ,Ⅲ,ρ.CODMnk0.0281d-1,0.0139d-1;,.2.3　　NH3-N,13d,0.98m3·s-1,T=ξ·V/Q,ξ≈0.6,..2,,k1.:ρe=(ρ0＊(1-ks))/e(kT),(1):ρ0,ρe(mg·L-1),ks(ρ,Ⅴ),k(d-1),T(d).TN,NH3-N,CODMn2,3,.　2　200545＊ρ(TN)kρ(NH3-N)kρ(CODMn)kmg·L-1d-1mg·L-1d-1mg·L-1d-114.338.2619.1011.697.287.4411.130.01356.370.012710.960.0281　　　　　　　　＊T=5.15d,k,TN,NH3-N,CODMnks16.7%,17.6%,33.7%.　598　　()45　3　2005611＊ρ(TN)/(mg·L-1)k/d-1ρ(NH3-N)/(mg·L-1)k/d-1ρ(CODMn)/(mg·L-1)k/d-112.35.416.948.300.745.805.420.04731.800.06725.760.0139　　　　＊:T=13.46d,k,TN,NH3-N,CODMnks16.7%,17.6%,33.7%.3　,,,70m.1107.3hm29.3hm3,2.94×104m3·d-1,,0.6m3·s-1,0.2m3·s-1.15h.4m,.,,,3,,.:※※※※※※※.6.6　　　　,、3.,,,,、、,,、.、..3.1　　,.,..,.,2.67mg·L-1,,.,34.8mg·(m2·h)-1,35.8mg·(m2·h)-1.7,,,,,.7　ρ(P)　8,NO3-N,,ρ(TN)0.5mg·L-1,,..BOD5,CODMn,ρ(BOD5),ρ(CODMn)4mg·L-1,.9,NH3-N,.4,NH3-N,,10NH3-N.　5/6　:599　　　8　ρ(N)　10,,,,,.9　NH3-N、　3.2　k　k,11.、NH3-N.412TN,NH3-Nk0.16,0.10h-1,CODMn,BOD5k0.04,0.08h-1.3.3　　10　、　11　k　、、,,.4TN,TP(w).w(TP)、,,、、,、.w(TN)、,、,、,.、、.　4　m2w(TN)w(TP)m2TNm2TPg%g444.51.770.2327.8681.0312650.62.390.64663.34917.1232832.151.020.14328.8884.0502289.680.780.081517.8601.866315.70.7070.08442.2320.266326.83.520.65411.5032.1372082.620.3535.4500.73431391.090.1634.2155.02235230.8050.081528.3602.87123060.6460.10214.8972.352　　　:200510,;.　　,m2TN:71.22g、46.75g、17.86g、11.50g、5.45g、2.23g;m2TP　600　　()45　:18.15g、5.92g、2.14g、1.87g、0.73g、0.27g.,;,;,.,,、,.TP,、,、、;TN85%、52%,15%～48%.,:75%,82%,,;,.12　BOD54　,,、、.,、、、,、.:4,1,2,、1,DOC/TOC4.20054,.12,BOD5,CODMn,,Ⅲ,.TP(13),51.8%;,86.5%69.3%,8w.NH3-N(14),30.4%,94.1%,,13　TP　14　NH3-N　,,,.NH3-N,TNρ、,,NO3-N,41.3%,4、528.9%(15).TN64.2%.,72.4%～98.5%,,ρ8mg·L-1.2004420063,.CODMn,BOD5,NH3-N,TN,TP34.15%,54.2%,41.4%,33.9%,53.1%.　5/6　:601　　　15　TN　8800×104m3,20m3·s-140%.2050×104m3·d-1,,30%～93%,60%～94%;2.73m3·s-1,33%～55%.,Ⅲ.208·m-3·d-1,0.055·m-3;,422·m-3·d-1,0.075·m-3,0.021·m-3.,.5　[1]　.[J].,1997(6):50[2]　,,,.[J].,2000,26(2):1[3]　.14[J].,2001,21(3):52[4]　,,.[J].,2004,13(1):98[5]　.[J].,2005,24(3):48[6]　,,,.[J].,2004,25(4):66[7]　,.[J].,1994,7(5):7[8]　EPAUS.OfficeofResearchandDevelopmentCenterforEnvironmentalResearchInformation.Designmanualconstructedwetlandsandaquaticplantsystemsformunicipalwastewatertreatment[M].CincinnatiOH:EPA,1988:625/1-88/022[9]　EPAUS.OfficeofResearchandDevelopment,NationalRiskManagementResearchLaboratory.Manualconstructedwetlandstreatmentofmunicipalwastewaters[M].CincinnatiOH:EPA,2000:625/R-99/010[10]　CraftCB.Dynamicsofnitrogenandphosphorusretentionduringwetlandecosystemsuccession[J].WetlandsEcologyandManagement,1996,4(3):177WATERQUALITYCONTROLBYTHEINTEGRATIVEINFLOWWETLANDFORTHEGUANTINGRESERVOIRDUANWei1,2)　LIUChangming1)　HUANGBingbin3)(1)CollegeofWaterSciences,KeyLaboratoryforWaterandSedimentSciencesofMinistryofEducation,BeijingNormalUniversity,100875,Beijing,China;2)BeijingWaterAuthority,100038,Beijing,China;3)BeijingHydraulicResearchInstitute,100044,Beijing,China)Abstract　ConstructionofintegrativeinflowwetlandsystemforGuantingReservoirisaimedtorestorefunctionofdrinkingwatersourceforthesecondlargestreservoirinBeijing.Basedonall-roundinvestigation,monitoringandanalysis,asystemcomprisingofapre-reservoirandconstructedwetlandiscreated.Thesystemhasbrokenthetechnicalbottle-neckinecologicalrecoveryinreservoircatchmentsandsuccessfullyachievedthegoalofimprovingwaterqualityinthereservoir.Atechnicalsystemsuitableforintegratedmanagementofreservoirecologicalenvironmentinlow-temperatureclimateinnorthernChinaiscreatedandithascontributedtotherecoveryofGuantingReservoirasadrinkingwatersource.Asustainableandeffectiveapproachhasbeenexploredforwaterqualityprotectionandecologicalrehabilitation.Keywords　GuantingReservoir;wetland;pre-reservoir;waterquality;ecology