海水养殖废水的生物处理技术研究进展宋志文

271Vol.27No.12006JournalofQingdaoTechnologicalUniversity*宋志文,王　玮,赵丙辰,孙贤风(,266033)　:,.,,.,,.,、.:,,,,:X172　　21.、、、,.“”,,,.,.,、、.,,,、,,、.,,,.,,、.1　,,,.、,(COD)、(SS)(NH+4-N),.1.1　,、,,,,.1.2　,,,,,、,*　(A2002—148);(04—2—060):2005—03—0327,.,[1].1.3　、,、,.、、,,.、、[2],,,,,,.,,,,[3].,,[4].、、,.,,.,.,.,、.,、、、,,,.、,,.,,,、、、[5].,,,,[6].、,、、、、、、、,[7,8].,SS、、、BOD5COD[9].,(bioaugmentation),,,,.,..,[10,11].,.、、,,、,,.2　,[12].2.1　、,,[12-17].BlanchetonCoves141　　:(1),、、UV,,,[14].,,NSauthier(),,2.4kgN(NO-3)m-3h-1,[15].1　.,,,.AmirNeori,,,、、、pH,[18].Troell,,50%～95%[19].——.,,,、,.,,,[20].Jaw-KaiWang(Chaetoceros)、,,,,,[21].Chuntapa,(Spirulinaplatensis)[22]..,,,.J.JedBrown--,,98%94%,99%97%.,[23].C.Forni,,(Azolla),[24].2.2　,,.,,,[25].,、10,,2d46.6%～59.5%,5d50.8%～70.2%,,[10,11].()[26].,(16～18d)7.49mg[g(MLSS)h]-1,,,.,、1527,[27].→→→,,,[28].,,COD,,,[29].、,334.79、35.6036.17g(m3d)-1,1.760、2.1342.420g(m3d)-1,,[30].,,,[31].,、,0.24mgL-1,0.25mgL-1,3.02mgL-1.[32].3　.,、;.,、,,、,、、;;、、、、、、,,.　　　[1]　MartinSTango,GrahamAGagnon.Impactofozonationonwaterqualityinmarinerecirculationsystems.Aquacultureengineering,2003,29(3-4):125-137[2]　YossiTal,JoyEMWatts,SusanBSchreier.Characterizationofthemicrobialcommunityandnitrogentransformationprocessesasso-ciatedwithmovingbedbioreactorsinaclosedrecirculatedmariculturesystem.Aquaculture,2003,215(1-4):187-202[3]　,..,2004,10(4):521-525[4]　,,..,1998,17(8):16-19[5]　,..,2002,7:40-41[6]　TroelM,HallingC,NeoriA.Integratedmariculture:askingtherightquestions.Aquaculture,2003,226(1-4):69-90[7]　,,..,2003.22(2):74-78[8]　,,..,2004,25(2):58-61[9]　JohnHMichael,Jr.Nutrientsinsalmonhatcherywastewateranditsremovalthroughtheuseofawetlandconstructedtotreatoff-linesettlingpondeffluent.Aquaculture,2003,226(1-4):213-225[10]　,,..,2000,24(4):334-338[11]　,,..,2003,33(1):65-70[12]　AntonioTovarA,CarlosMoreno,ManuelP.Manuel-vez.Environmentalimpactsofintensiveaquacultureinmarinewater.Wat.Res.,2000,34(1):334-342[13]　NijhofM,BovendeurJ.Fixedfilmnitrificationcharacteristicsinseawaterrecirculationfishculturesystems.Aquaculture,1990,87(2):133-143[14]　BlanchetonJP,CovesD.Closedsystemsinintensivemarinefinfishhatcheries.Stateoftheartandthefutureprospects.BordeauxAquaculture,2002,92:25-27[15]　SauthierN,GrasmickA,BlanchetonJP.Biologicaldenitrificationappliedtoamarineclosedaquaculturesystem.Wat.Res.,1998,161　　:32(6):1932-1938[16]　ChristopherJJackson,NigelPreston,MicheleA.Burford.ManagingthedevelopmentofsustainableshrimpfarminginAustralia:theroleofsedimentationpondsintreatmentoffarmdischargewater.Aquaculture,2003,226(1-4):23-34[17]　AndreasSchuenhoff,MukiShpigel,IngridLupatsch.Asemi-recirculating,integratedsystemforthecultureoffishandseaweed.Aquaculture,2003,221(1-4):167-181[18]　AmirNeori,MichaelDKrom,StevePEllner.Seaweedbiofiltersasregulatorsofwaterqualityinintegratedfishseaweedcultureu-nits.Aquaculture,1996,141(3-4):183-198[19]　TroellM,RonnbackP,HallingC.Ecologicalengineeringinaquacultureuseofseaweedsforremovingnutrientsfromintensivemari-culture.J.Appl.Phycol.,1999,11:89-97[20]　JonesAB,DennisonWC,PrestonNP.Integratedtreatmentofshrimpeffluentbysedimentation,oysterfiltrationandmacroalgalabsorption:Alaboratoryscalestudy.Aquaculture,2001,193(1-2):155-178[21]　Jaw-KaiWang,Conceptualdesignofamicroalgae-basedrecirculatingoysterandshrimpsystem,Aquacultureengineering.2003,28(1-2):37-46[22]　BenjamasChuntapa,SorawitPowtongsook,PiamsakMenasveta.WaterqualitycontrolusingSpirulinaplatensisinshrimpculturetanks.Aquaculture,2003,220(1-4):355-366[23]　BrownJJed,EdwardPGlenn,KevinM.Fitzsimmons.Halophytesforthetreatmentofsalineaquacultureeffluent.Aquaculture,1999,175(3-4):255-268[24]　ForniC,ChenJ,TancioniL.EvaluationofthefemAzollaforgrowth,nitrogenandphosphorusremovalfromwastewater.Wat.Res.,2001,35(6):1592-1598[25]　,..,2000,7(2):90-92[26]　,..,1999,(1):3-5[27]　,,..,2001,3:70-77[28]　,,.,,2002,26(10):36-38[29]　,..,2002,3:12-13[30]　,,.3.,2003,10(3):242-245[31]　,,..,2001,8(1):33-36[32]　,,..,2001,10(3):276-278DevelopmentofMarineAquacultureWastewaterBio-TreatmentTechnologySongZhi-wen,WangWei,ZhaoBing-chen,SunXian-feng(SchoolofEnvironmentalandMunicipalEngineering,QingdaoTechnologicalUniversity,Qingdao266033)Abstract:Nowadaystheamountofmarineaquaculturewastewaterhassurpassedtheamountofsewage.Marineaquaculturewastewatermayhavenegativeimpactswhenreleasedintotheenvironmentwithoutbeingtreated.Theirimpactontheenvironmentdependsonthetotalamountorconcentrationreleasedandtheassimilativecapacityoftheenvironmentfortheparticularconstituent.Thetreatmentofmarinewastewaterisverydifficultbecauseoftheirhighsalineconcentrationanduniquecontaminantcomposi-tion.Inthispaper,thebiologicaltreatmentmethodsusedinintensiveaquaculturesystemswereintro-ducedanddrawbackswerepointedout.Thestudyintechnologicalselection,treatmentefficiencyandmicroorganismsofmarinewastewatertreatmentshouldbestrengthened.Keywords:marineaquaculture,aquaculturewastewater,nitrifyingbacteria,wastewatertreatment,bio-treatment:宋志文(1966-　),男,博士,副教授17