汉江下游河段水质生态模型及数值模拟

:100428227(2002)0420363207X,(,430072):,,,,1992,19951998(DO)(BOD),,,:,6,,,,:;;:A,393km,1.7km2,,,,,,,,,199219982000,,,,,,,,,,,[12],,,,[36],,1981Patteron,RileyStefan(1988)HamittonSchladow(1997)[7]MonzurAlamLmteazTakashiAsae2da[8],Wen-chenLiu[9],Keelung,Keelung8(BOD),,[6,10],,,,,,,,,,,,,11420027ResourcesandEnvironmentintheYangtzeBasinVol.11No.4July2002X:2001-10-26;:2002-01-07:(2001ABB048).:(1966),,,,,.1,,,1.1:B5h5t+5Q5x=q(1):5Q5t+u5Q5x+gA5z5x+gAn2Q2R4/3=0(2)1.2,,,,:5ci5t+u5ci5x=55x(Ex5ci5x)+SLi+SBi+SKi(3)1.39,:(C4)(CZ)BOD5(C5)(C7)(C1)(C2)(C8)(C3)(C6)11Fig.1RelationshipBetweentheMainStateVariables(1):,Sk4=(Gpl-Dpl-Gpz-Ks4)G4(4):Gpl=GplmaxT-204G(I)G(TP)G(TN)Dpl=(KR+KD)T-204G(TP)=TPKmp+TPG(TN)=TNKmn+TNG(I)=2.718Kehe-IIseKeh-e-IIsGpz=kpzT-20pzCzKpz+C4(2):SK3=K83T-2083C8f(C4)+DplC4APCfop-Ks3C3(5)SK8=DPlC4APC(1-fop)-K83T-2083C8f(C4)-Ks8C8(6):f(C4)=C4KmPC+C4(3):SK7=DPlC4ANCfon-K71T-2071C7f(C6)-Ks7C7(7)SK1=DPlC4ANC(1-fon)+K71T-2071C7-GPlC4PNH4ANC-K12T-2012f(C6)C1(8)SK2=K12T-2012f(C6)C1-GPlC4(1-PNH4)ANC(9)46311:f(C6)=C6KNIT+C6,PNH4=C1C2(Kmn+C1)(Kmn+C2)C1Kmn(Kmn+C1)(C1+C2)(4):SK5=K1DC4AOC-KDT-20DC5-Ks5C5(10)SK6=KaT-20a(C5-C6)-KDT-20DC5-6414K12T-2012C1-3212K1RT-201RC4-SODh+GplC4[3212+4814aNC(1-PNH3)](11):Ksi=Vsh(1-fdi),SOD=kSODT-20SOD.(1)(11)1:1Tab.1ListofSymbolsintheWaterQualityModelz(m)B(m)A(m2)R(m)Q(m3s-1)u(ms-1)H(m)g(ms-1)nEx(ms-1)Ci(mqL-1)SLi(mqL-1d-1)SBi(mqL-1d-1)Ski(mqL-1d-1)Gp1(d-1)Dp1(d-1)GPz(d-1)Gplmax(d-1)C1(mgL-1)C2(mgL-1)C3(mgL-1)C4(mgL-1)C5BOD(mgL-1)C6(DO)(mgL-1)C7(mgL-1)C8(mgL-1)IsLyd-1I(Lyd-1)Ke(m-1)CZ(mgL-1)4KR(d-1)KD(d-1)Kp2(mgL-1)Kp2(d-1)pzTN(mgL-1)TP(mgL-1)K83(d-1)83Ksi(d-1)T()Kmn(mgL-1)Kmp(mgL-1)Ka(d-1)aKd(d-1)DApckSOD(mgL-1)Ka(d-1)dANCSODKNIT(mgL-1)fDiK12(d-1)12K71(d-1)12AOCVsi(md-1)fonfop,:Q=Q(0,t)Ci=Ci(0,t)(x=0)(12):z=Z(L,t)Ex=5Ci5x(x=L)(13):=(x,0)(t=0)(14):Q,zCi(i9)(1)(11)2(1)(14),(),,5634:App=Auu+Add+Sd(15):Ap=Au+Ad+Sp,S=Sd-Sp(15),,,,,,,32,,DOBOD1994,,,,1992,,0.025,0.0302,,,2Fig.2MapoftheLowerReachesoftheHanjiangRiver2Tab.2ParametersUsedintheCalibrationKem-11.13.5[6]1.1121.081.2[4]1.08IsLyd-1100400[7]300k83d-10.10.4[4]0.22Vsmd-10.00.5[6]0.2831.081.2[4]1.08Kad-10.40[4]0.4k71d-10.020.2[4]0.05a1.024[4]1.025711.021.3[7]1.07KmnmgL-10.0150.025[7]0.02kDd-10.10.3[8]0.15KmpmgL-10.00320.02[7]0.005D1.04[7]1.05KmPCmgL-10.0010.04[7]0.03kad-10.04[4]0.04KONmgL-10.03[8]0.025a1.025[4]1.025kRMgL-10.050.35[4]0.15Gplmaxd-11.83.9[4]2.5kPZd-10.38[4]0.75K1Dd-10.020.1[9]0.06z1.041.15[7]1.05KSODd-11.03.0[9]0.28k12d-10.050.15[4]0.09SOD0.991.4[4]1.044,19951998,,,39663113()Fig.3ComparisonBetweenSimulated(-)andMeasured()NH32NConcentrationsatZongguanSection4()Fig.4ComparisonBetweenSimulated(-)andMeasured()NO3ConcentrationsatZongguanSection5()Fig.5ComparisonBetweenSimulated(-)andMeasured()T2PConcentrationsatZongguanSection6BOD()Fig.6ComparisonBetweenSimulated(-)andMeasured()BODConcentrationsatZongguanSection7()Fig.7ComparisonBetweenSimulated(-)andMeasured()DOConcentrationsatZongguanSection8()Fig.8ComparisonBetweenSimulated(-)andMeasured()K2NConcentrationsatZongguanSection7634:9()Fig.9ComparisonBetweenSimulated(-)andMeasured()Phy.ConcentrationsatZongguanSection10(---)Fig.10ComparisonBetweenPhy.Concentrations(-)andZonguanSectionandPhy.Concentrations(---)atLong2wangmiaoSection39,,19951998,BOD,19983,,,,199519970.45mg/L,1998,0.75mg/L5,199519970.51.6mg/L,12,45,,,19980.2mg/L6BOD5,19951997BOD5,,,1998,4.4mg/L4,1998,7,,,,19981995,1996,199645,199716,,199519970.6mg/L,1998,0.9mg/L,9,1998219983,,,3.5107,0.21065.5106,0.5mg/L1.6mg/L,BOD53.6mg/L,,,,10,,,,,,5,,,,,,,,,,1992,19951998,86311,:(1),,,,(2),6,,,(3),:[1]DavidPH,SGSchladow.Predictionofwaterqualityinlakesandreservoirs.Part2modeldescription[J].EcologicalMod2elling,1997,96:91110.[2],,,.[M].:,1997.[3]BowieGL,etal.Ratesconstants,andkineticsformulationsinsurfacewaterqualitymodelling,2nd[M].USEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,Athens,GA.1985,EPA2600/32852040.[4]DanielLT,HankNM.SpatialandtemporalhydrodynamicandwaterqualitymodelinganalysisofalargereservoirontheSouthCarolina(USA)coastalplain[J].EcologicalModelling.1999,114:137173.[5].[A].:,.[C].:,1999.209215.[6]YassudaEA,etal.Developmentofawasteloadallocationmodelforthecharlestonharborestuary,phase:WaterqualityEstuar2ine[J].CoastalandshelfScience,2000,50:99107.[7]HamiltionDP,SchladowSG.Predictionofwaterqualityinlakesandreservoirs.Part2modeldescription[J].EcologicalModelling,1997,96:91110.[8]MonzurAI,TakashiA.Artificialmixingoflakewaterbybubbleplumeandeffectsofbubblingoperationsonalgalbloom[J].WaterResearch,2000,34(6):19191929.[9]Wen2chengL,Ming2HisH,AlbertYKuo.Sensitivityanalysisofamathematicalmodelofchlorophylldistributioninthetidalkeel2ingriver[J].J.environ.Sci.Health,2000,A359(4):489514.[10],.[J].,2000,9(1):6366.NUMERICALMODELINGOFTHEHYDRODYNAMICANDWATERQUALITYINTHELOWREACHESOFTHEHANJIANGRIVERPENGHong,GUOSheng2lian(CollegeofWaterResourceandHydropower,WuhanUniversity,Wuhan430072,China)Abstract:Aone2dimensionalwaterqualitymodelinlowreachesoftheHanjiangRiverisdeveloped,whichcom2binesaprocessbasedonhydrodynamicmodelwithnumericaldescriptionofphyt