河流流域生态安全综合评估方法张松

25720127ResearchofEnvironmentalSciencesVol．25No．7July2012．J．2012257826-832．ZHANGSongGUOHuaichengSHENGHuetal．MethodologicalframeworkforintegratedecologicalsecurityassessmentofriverbasinsJ．ResearchofEnvironmentalSciences2012257826-832．*100871．DPSIR－－－－．2005─2009．520050.48720090.641“”GDP、CODCrNH3-N、．DPSIRX826A1001－6929201207－0826－07MethodologicalFrameworkforIntegratedEcologicalSecurityAssessmentofRiverBasinsZHANGSongGUOHuai-chengSHENGHuXIANGNanCollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringPekingUniversityBeijing100871ChinaAbstractBasedonresearchonecologicalsecuritybothdomesticallyandabroadthisstudyputsforwardtheconceptofecologicalsecurityofriverbasins．AnindicatorsystemwasdevelopedinthisstudyforintegratedecologicalsecurityassessmentIESAofriverbasinsbasedona“drivers-pressures-states-impacts-responses”DPSIRframework．TheweightsofeachindicatorweredeterminedusinganalytichierarchyprocessAPHcombinedwithmulti-criteriagroupdecisionmodelMCGDMandentropy-weightmethodEWM．TheQinheRiverinJinchengCityincentralChinawastakenasacasestudytodemonstratetheproposedmethodstoassessthebasin-scalesecuritystatusi．e．theintegratedecologicalsecurityindexIESI．TheresultsshowedthattheIESIchangedfrom0.487in2005to0.641in2009whichindicatedamovefromthebottomofthe“secure”statustothetop．ThekeydrivingfactorsresultingintheIESIchangesduringthefiveyearsweresupposedtobetheincreaseofGDPpercapitasewageplantsandenvironmentalinvestmentandthedecreaseofCODCrandNH3-Nintensityofindustrialproduction．KeywordsecologicalsecurityDPSIRQinheRiverinte[e-mail]．*[e-mail]1-56．、、7-8、9-1011-1213-15－－P-S-R、－－D-S-R、DPSIR－－－－－－－－－D-PSE-R16-1819-22、23-24．、25-26．DOI10.13198/j.res.2012.07.99.zhangs.0167．①②、、．DPSIRAHP．．11.1DPSIRDPSIR27．DPSIR、、、51．1①、3②、③、④、⑤“”．1.2、－－．、、．DPSIR、、41.、、．1.31.3.1－Weber-Fishna28．aXij=．bXij=．1.3.2AHP2930．1DPSIRFig．1DPSIRmodeofecologicalsecurityassessment728251Table1AlternativeindicessystemofassessmentIESIGDP104104km2GDP%—104%km2‰GDP1t104m3104CODCrkgNH3-Nkgkghm2kg104%ρCODCrmgLρNH3-NmgLm3108m3%%%%%%%104km2104km2%%GDP%%1．1.3.3Weber-Fishna．Bi=∑nj=1Xij×Wj1Bii、、、、XijijWjj．IESIIESI=∑mi=1Bi×Wi2Wii．2———2.12.1.1111°55'～113°37'、35°11'～36°04'．14124×107t．4858km251.2%．、、、、2．．、、、、．．2Fig．2LocationmapofQinheRiverinJinchengCity2.1.22005—2009．2005—2009、2006—2009、、、“”2006—2010．2.282871．GDP、3、CODCrNH3-NCODCr、104NH3-N3ρCODCr、ρNH3-NρCODCr、ρNH3-N、、42GDP．142．．31-332．2Table2AssessmentindicessystemandcriterionsofQinheRiverIESI1GDP104157102km25003002001003‰2010534CODCrkg31．510．55NH3-Nkg10．50．250．16%402015107ρCODCr1mgL402520158ρNH3-N1mgL2．51．510．59%5030201010%4060809011%8045251012%4070809513GDP%0．51．52．5314%304570901GB3838—2002《》．2.32.3.11.314．．143．3144．151、3、4、1012221114342、6、813435、79.a1=a3=a4=a10=a12=554a11=a14=254a2=a6=a8=a13=4543Fig．3Expertsclusteringcharta5=a7=a9=354．．92825．3．2.3.21.323Table3TheweightsofindexforeachlayerIESI10．420．330．380．1720．000．330．1730．580．330．4540．190．330．260．1650．720．330．5360．090．330．2170．020．250．140．2880．760．250．5190．220．250．23100．0010．250．130．05110．0010．500．25121．000．500．750．35130．000．500．25141．000．500．7512005—2009．4Fig．4Assessmentresultofalternativelevel4312ESI4．4Table4Securitylevelofassessment0～0.260.26～0.480.48～0.680.68～1.002.42.4.11－－－－2005—20094．4①、2005—2009“”“”2008②5、、、．CODCr、NH3-N．0387．2.4.225．5①“”GDPρCODCrρNH3-N②2005—200920050.48720090.6412009“”0.68．CODCrNH3-N20082007③GDP、CODCr、NH3-N、．2009“”．200932.5%90%CODCr、NH3-N．、、．5Table5IntegratedassessmentresultofQinheRiver200520062007200820090.4870.5070.5920.5400.6413aDPSIR．b2005—20092005“”0.4872009“”0.641“”．1．cDPSIR、．References1．J．2004244723-729．2GERECKEACHARTMANNPCHEEBNVetal．AnaerobicdegradationofdecabromodiphenyletherJ．EnvironSciTechnol20053941078-1083．3SHIXiaoqingZHAOJingzhuOUYANGZhiyun．Assessmentofeco-securityintheknowledgegride-scienceenvironmentJ．TheJournalofSystemsandSoftware2006795246-252．4ZHAOYanzhiZOUXueyongCHENGHongetal．AssessingtheecologicalsecurityoftheTibetanplateau-methodologyandacasestudyforLhazeCountyJ．JEnvironManage2006809120-131．5．J．2007222290-301．6．J．2010223104-108．7CAMPBELLKRBSM．RiskassessmentlogicandmeasurementR．MichiganAnnArborPress199869-100．8ZHENGNaWANGQichaoLIANGZhongzhuetal．CharacterizationofheavymetalconcentrationsinthesedimentsofthreefreshwaterriversinHuludaoCityNortheastChinaJ．EnvironPollut20081541135-142．9ROGERSKS．EcologicalsecurityandmultinationalcorporationsJ．EnvironmentalChangeandProjectReport199728329-36．10TRANLTKNIGHTCGO'NELLRVetal．FuzzydecisionanalysisforintegratedenvironmentalvulnerabilityassessmentoftheMid-AtlanticregionJ．EnvironManage20022910845-859．11DIAMONDJMSERVEISSVBSERVEISSCB．IdentifyingsourcesofstresstonativeaquaticfaunausingawatershedecologicalriskassessmentframeworkJ．EnvironSciTechnol20013564711-4718．12OBERYAMLANDISWG．AregionalmultiplestressorriskassessmentoftheCodorusCreekWatershedapplyingtherelativeriskmodelJ．HumanandEcologicalRiskAssessment2002308405-428．13LIUJinglingCHENQiuyingLIYongli．EcologicalriskassessmentofwaterenvironmentforLuanheRiverBasinbasedonrela