湖北省农村地区面源污染现状分析

:20070814:(2005DIB4J061):(1964),,,,,()13886073028()[e-mail]:10015485(2007)06000604湖北省农村地区面源污染现状分析1,2,2(1.,430062;2.,430010):2005,6.18t23.93t18.73t3.24t,km2334kg1131kg1011kg175kg:;;;:X508:A,2%8.4%6.3%10.3%5.4%16.0%,5.2%,,2002811.1,,,4,NH3N(,)COD(,)TN()TP()[1~4][5~7],2005,():34.87t132.10t83.06t16.98t(1),17.04t(49%)85.22t(65%)42.78t(52%)11.59t(68%),,58.5%,35%18%7%4%,32%23%6%2%3965.25,17%18%9%4%1.22005,6.18t,2.34,79.63%;23.93t,1.37,1()Table1AnnualProductionofmajorpollutantsfromruralareainHubeiProvinceNH3NCODTNTP/t/%/t/%/t/%/t/%5789317237360187236696368412036935231436186139777605417043849852190654277995211589868691527614362690583239881233487001001320986100830620100169752100第24卷第6期长江科学院院报Vol.24No.62007年12月JournalofYangtzeRiverScientificResearchInstituteDec.200738.83%;18.73t3.24t(2),,16%50%,2Table2AnnualdischargingamountofmajorpollutionmaterialsfromruralareainHubeiProvinceNH3NCODTNTP/t/%/t/%/t/%/t/%13315225459323154868110832809945528002214605816825204533310226343513362713908432753429646121058795715694486186710023930110018730610032392100(45%)(33%);(43%)(23%);(57%48%)(27%43%)36%30%,20%,14%1.32005,km2334kg1131kg1011kg175kg:,;40%,;40%~80%,;80%~120%,;120%~160%,;160%,,,;,;,,4.5t/km2,4,1.5~2.5t/km2,;(1),,;,1Fig.1PollutionloadofthenonpointpollutionintheruralareaofHubeiProvince;,;()()(),6.57.1,1.4,,,11,26.7%,46.2%2004,14.2%,14.3%,711,,:,68%,70%66%70%,50%74%,58%30%20,CODMn18%,18%67%,7第6期李兆华等湖北省农村地区面源污染现状分析,()1985,(),21,6.5CODMn2,,V,(3),()320Table3ChangesofwaterqualityinHonghuLakeandChanghuLakeinrecent20years19852003/(mgL-1)/(mgL-1)/%19852006/(mgL-1)/(mgL-1)/%NH3N0.200.29450.060.45650CODMn3.704.39183.306.4495TP0.030.05670.020.062001.51.5.1,2005318t,18%(),,,,()30%,39652,,,,,1.5.22005256.47t,2249.57,,36.5%,,2005730.2(),3000259,28%;100.6(),11264,,,1.5.3,,,,,2.44t,610t,,,,,,1.5.4,60%30%,53%42%,66%70%;81%87%;,57.6%,,,,,22.1,,,,,,8长江科学院院报2007年2.2,,,,,,,,2.3,,,,,,,,,,,,,2.4,,,,,,2.5,,,,,,,,,2.6,,,,,,,,,:[1],.[M].:,2007.[2].[M].:,2007.[3].[M].:,2006.[4].[M].:,2005.[5].[M].:,2005.[6],.[J].,2006,(7):28-29.[7],.[J].,2005,(4):31-34.(:)(17)9第6期李兆华等湖北省农村地区面源污染现状分析StudyonWaterculturedRapeforTreatingEutrophicWaterHUANGZhuo,HUANGWei,SANGLianhai,TANGLinsen,CHENJin(YangtzeRiverScientificResearchInstitute,Wuhan430010,China)Abstract:TheeutrophicationcausedbynonpointpollutionisthetypicalwaterenvironmentpollutioninChinasdeterioratinglakes.Theaimofthisstudyistoprobethewaterculturingtechniqueofarapebytheuseofartif-icialfloatingraftssothatthenutrientnutrition,suchasnitrogenandphosphorus,couldbeextractedfromthepollutedwater.Bythisapproach,thelakeeutrophicationinthelakewillbebettertreatedwhilethenitrogenandphosphorusareabsorbedintotherape.Keywords:rape;artificialfloatingraft;waterculture;eutrophication(9)AnalysesonNonpointSourcePollutioninRuralPlacesofHubeiProvinceLIZhaohua1,HUANGWei2,LIChangan2(1.FacultyofResourcesandEnvironmentalScience,HubeiUniversity,Wuhan430062,China;2.YangtzeRiverScientificResearchInstitute,Wuhan430010,China)Abstract:In2005,therewere61800tofNH3N,239300tofCOD,187300tofTNand32400tofTPdis-chargedfromtheruralareainHubeiProvince,resultinginthedischargedamountofmajorpollutedmaterialsfromruralplacesbeinghigherthanthatfromindustrialofthewholeprovince.Therefore,eachsquarekilometerofthelandinHubeiProvincehastobearpollutionloadingashighas334kgofNH3H,1131kgofCOD,1011kgofTNand175kgofTP.ThefeaturesofnonpointpollutioninruralHubeiarecharacterizedbyheavyfish-erypollution,dispersiveanimalcultivationpollutionandextensivelivingpollution.Keywords:ruralplace;nonpointsourcepollution;waterenvironment;HubeiProvince会讯,200720071110~13,400,,,,,,,,()17第6期黄茁等水培油菜处理富营养化水体的研究