化学混凝沉淀吸附法处理含氟废水研究

:2009-10-21:(1942-),,,.:.234()Vo.l23No.4200912JournalofUniversityofSouthChina(ScienceandTechnology)Dec.2009:1673-0062(2009)04-0102-05化学混凝沉淀)))吸附法处理含氟废水研究娄金生1,刘金香2,刘海波3(1.,421001;2.,421001;3.,411101):研究了化学混凝沉淀)))吸附法处理含氟废水的效果与影响因素.实验结果表明,单投CaCl2沉淀除氟其出水残氟浓度大于15mg/L,而CaCl2分别与混凝剂聚合氯化铝(PAC)FeSO4Al2(SO4)3联用时,CaCl2+PAC除氟效果比单投CaCl2有显著提高,出水残氟浓度为5.1mg/L,去除率达95.75%.当CaCl2沉淀剂分别与上述三种混凝剂联用,然后再分别加入助凝剂PAM2~3mg/L,其处理效果比不加聚丙烯酸胺(PAM)时都分别有明显提高,出水残氟浓度都小于10mg/L,但效果最好的为CaCl2+PAC+PAM组合,其出水残氟浓度仅为3.9mg/L.另外,羟基磷灰石(HAP)的吸附容量吸附速率除氟效果都优于活性氧化铝,其除氟效率高达92.75%.:化学混凝沉淀;吸附法;含氟废水;碱式氯化铝;羟基磷灰石:X532:BStudyonTreatmentofFluorideWastewaterbyChemicalCoagulationandPrecipitation-absorptionMethodLOUJin-sheng1,LIUJin-xiang2,LIUHa-ibo3(1.ScienceAssociationofOldAge,UniversityofSouthChina,Hengyang,Hunan421001,China;2.SchoolofUrbanConstruction,UniversityofSouthChina,Hengyang,Hunan421001,China;3.UrbanPlansandDesignInstitutes,Xiangtan,Hunan411101,China)Abstract:Thetreatmentperformancesandimpactfactorsoffluoridewastewaterusingchemicalcoagulationandprecipitation-absorptionprocesswereintroducedinthispaper.Theresultsshowedthatthecontentoffluorideionintheeffluentwasover15mg/LbyCaCl2precipitationmethodalone,whilethecombinedprocessofCaCl2withPACachievedquitegoodremovalefficiencywhenCaCl2wascombinedwithPAC,FeSO4andAl2(SO4)3separately.Thefluorideionconcentrationofeffluentwas5.1mg/L,andtheremovalrateoffluorideioninwastewaterwasover95.75%.When2~3mg/LofPAMCoagulantaidswasposedseparatelyintheabovecombinedprocesses,theremovalrateswereefficientlyimproved.ThebesttreatmentprocessisthecombinationofCaCl2,PACandPAMamongallthetreatmentmethods,andtheresidualfluorideionconcentrationfromtheeffluentwasonly3.9mg/L.Intermsoftheabsorptioncapacity,rateandeffec,ttheabsorbentofHAPissuperiortoactivatedaluminainthetreatmentoffluoridewastewater,andtheremovale-fficiencyoffluorineionreached92.75%byHAPmethod.Keywords:ChemicalCoagulationandPrecipitationprocess;absorption;fluoridewastewater;PAC;Synthesizedhydroxyapatite0,,,.(F-)1.0mg/L,,,.(GB3838-2002)(F-)[1.0mg/L,(GB8978-1996)[F-]10mg/L,,.[1-4][5-7][8])[9].F-20~30mg/L.,),.CaCl2,.11.11)CaCl22)(1)CaCl2+PAC(2)CaCl2+FeSO4(3)CaCl2+Al2(SO4)3(4)CaCl2++PAM3)1.21.2.1CaCl260.8L[F-]120mg/LpH=71.0L6,CaCl2,150r/min30min,1.5h20mL[F-].1.2.260.8L,[F-]120mg/L,61.0L,1.11)CaCl800mg,150r/min10min,Al2(SO4)3PACFeSO4,150r/min1min,45r/min15min,1.5h,20mL[F-].1.2.3,HAP,250mL16mg/L,(20?1)e,pH=8,45min,[F-].1.3NaF,[F-]=120mg/L,pH=7.NaF,[F-]=16mg/L,pH=8.1.4TA6-1,PHS-3pH,PF-1,.22.1CaCl2CaCl2,pH.,pH=7.pH=7,120mg/L,CaCl2,1.:,,1000mg/L,15.9mg/L,,.,103234:)))1000mg/L.CaCl2,CaF2,,15mg/L.1Table1TheexperimentaldataofCaCl2onfluorideionremovalefficiency/(mg#L-1)CaCl2/(mg#L-1)[F-]/(mg#L-1)/%112040053.255.7212050038.567.9312060031.174.1412070028.676.2512080025.219.0612090020.582.97120100015.986.88120120015.986.82.2CaCl2CaCl2pH,(PAC),CaCl2,.1.2.2,1.1CaCl2Fig.1EffectofthecombinedprocessofCaCl2andCoagulantonfluorideionremovalefficiency11,PAC,,PAC400500600mg/L,7.56.95.1mg/L;PAC700mg/L,5.7mg/L.,pH=10.5,PAC400mg/L10mg/L,600mg/L,,PACpH,Al13O4(OH)24Al(OH)3(am),PAC600mg/L.CaCl2+PAC,5mg/L,Al13O4(OH)24_xFx7+Al13O4(OH)21F10,.12:10~40mg/L,,,40mg/L,,15.9mg/L,.,,,,,,.13:30~50mg/L,,;50mg/L,,13.4mg/L,,,,,FeSO4pH,Fe(OH)2,.CaCl23,CaCl2+PAC10mg/L,,PAC600mg/L,,.CaCl2+Al2(SO4)3CaCl2+FeSO4,10mg/L,,40mg/L50mg/L.2.3CaCl2++PAM,PAMCaCl2,1.1.3FeSO4Al2(SO4)3PAC,,,,PAM,45r/min10min,1.5h,20mL,2.104()2009122CaCl2++PAMFig.2EffectofthecombinedprocessofCaCl2,CoagulantandPAMonfluorideionremovalefficiency2:CaCl2+FeSO4+PAMCaCl2+Al2(SO4)3+PAMPAM3mg/L,9.1mg/L9.5mg/L.CaCl2+PAC+PAM,PAM1mg/L6mg/L,5mg/L.PAM2mg/L,3.9mg/L,.21,PAM,,PAM10mg/L,PAC[F-]5mg/L,.PAM,,,,.2.4HAP(HAP)HPA2g,16mg/L,(20?2)e,pH7.5,,HAP1.28mg/g1.99mg/g,HAP50%.2.4.1pHHAP6,2g,250mL16mg/L,pH456789,(20?1)e,60min,[F-],3.3pHHAPFig.3EffectofpHonactivatedaluminaandHAPinFluorideRemovalefficiency:pH,,6.4~8.2mg/L,.HAP:pH,,,0.5mg/L.,HAP.2.4.2HAPHAP8,5g,1L16mg/L,(20?2)e,pH7.5,,15304560120180270360min,1h,,4.4HAPFig.4EffectofabsorptiontimeonactivatedaluminaandHAPintheextentofabsorption:30min,HAP1.30mg/g,65.3%,0.46mg/g,35.9%.105234:)))1h,HAP1.39mg/g,69.8%,0.5mg/g,45.3%..HAP,,HAPOH-,0.5h,.,,HAP.1h,HAP5mg/L,11.2mg/L.HAP.2.4.3HAPHAP0.5g1.0g2.0g3.0g4.0g5.0g,250mL16.0mg/L,(20?2)e,pH7.5,1h,1h,,2.2,,,3.0mg/L,,2.0mg/L,10mg/L,HAP1.16mg/L,92.75%.,HAP.2Table2EffectofactivatedaluminaandHAPeffluentonfluorideionremovalefficiency/(mg#L-1)[F-]/(mg#L-1)HAP0.514.0412.321.012.188.822.08.221.163.04.240.154.03.140.105.02.280.1031)CaCl2,pH=7,[F-]=120mg/L,CaCl21000mg/L,30min,1.5h,,15.9mg/L,GB8978-1996)))10mg/L.2)CaCl2PACFeSO4Al2(SO4)3,,CaCl2+PAC:PAC600mg/L,pH=10.5,5.1mg/L,FeSO4Ae2(SO4)3.CaCl2,PAM,CaCl2+PAC+PAMCaCl2+FeSO4+PAMCaCl2+Ae2(SO4)3+PAMPAM2~3mg/L,10mg/L,PAM,,CaCl2+PAC+PAM,3.9mg/L.3)pH=7.5[F-]=16.0mg/L,2g,1h1h,,HAP,HAP92.75%.1.16mg/L.4)pH=4~9,pHHAP.5)HAP,1h,HAP1.39mg/g,,0.50mg/g,.:[1],.[J].,2004(3):27-36.[2],.[J].,2001,33(6):31-32.[3],,,.[J].,2003,4(12):38-42.[4],.[J].,2006,37(6):634-636.[5].[J].,2003,17(4):49-51.[6],,,.[J].(),2003,23(4):68-70.[7],.[J].,2003,25(1):82-85.[8],.[J].,1998,14(3):1-5.