化学需氧量COD在线分析仪技术研究

2014年第30卷第5期★石油化工安全环保技术★PETＲOCHEMICALSAFETYANDENVIＲONMENTALPＲOTECTIONTECHNOLOGY49櫒櫒櫒櫒櫒櫒櫒櫒櫒櫒2013－05－22。2013－12－20。1996。[e-mail]梁金明(中国石油化工股份有限公司石家庄炼化分公司，河北石家庄050099)COD指标采用在线自动监测仪可实时监测水质变化情况，氢氧基及臭氧氧化—电化学测定法运行可靠、操作简单，在实际中应用较广;UV自动分析仪具有简单、快速、价格低的特点，但应用的前提条件是需水质较为稳定，UV吸收信号与COD或TOC值之间有较确定的线性关系，在我国应用较少;总有机碳(TOC)法水样氧化比较彻底，操作和维护简便，不产生二次污染，但设备前期投资大，水样成分发生较大变化时，相关性需重新验证;流动注射分析式(FIA)逐渐取代了沿用多年的复杂化学操作，能同时测定多种组分，分析的速度、精度大幅度提高且操作简单，有较为广泛的应用前景。化学耗氧量重铬酸钾氧化分光光度法流动注射分析CODChemicalOxygenDemandmg/L1。。。CODCODMnCODCr2。。COD。、COD。。COD———254nm——。—XH9005、HBCOD—1、TW—6000、5B—5CODLAＲElox-100A—DKK—TOAUVMS—PD、UV—8000STIPPHOE-NIX—1010—。TOCCOD。。、、、。、。CODCr50★石油化工安全环保技术★2014年第30卷第5期。11.1。。1.2。1.2.1、。165℃30min10min15minCOD。1.2.2FIA1mm、、。1.3COD1—2—3—4254nm5—6—。7FIA。22.1—。2.1.1、—165℃15min612nmCr3+COD。3CaHbOc+C6+r+H2SO4165℃Ag2SO→4CO+Cr3++H2O。165℃Cr6+600nmCr3+440nmCOD。。、、、、、、。、、、、。1、、、、。1COD2.1.2FIA。1mm、、3。6∶4180℃380nmCOD。、、、、、★梁金明.化学需氧量(COD)在线分析仪技术研究★2014年第30卷第5期51、。、、、、。2CODFIAFIACOD。、、、。。2.2—、Fe2+Cr6+COD。COD、、、、、。2.3UVUV、CODUV254、TOCCOD。。254nm—BeerLambertUV254nm。UVCOD。254nm350nm。UVCOD、、。CODTOC。、CODTOC。UVCOD。2.4—COD。OHOHOH。OH。、。。。—COD32.5TOCTOC52★石油化工安全环保技术★2014年第30卷第5期3—COD。Co950℃。CO2。150℃CO2。CO2。4TOC、、、、CO2、。、。TOCTOCTOC、。3—COD。CODCOD。、、。。—、。UV254nm、、。UVCODTOC。TOCTOC。FIA、。［1］吴忠标，吴祖成，沈学优，官宝红，等．环境监测［M］．北京．化学工业出版社，2009．［2］魏复盛，徐晓白，阎吉昌，等．水和废水监测分析方法指南(上册)［M］．北京:中国环境科学出版社，1992．［3］国家环境保护总局．水和废水监测分析方法［M］．4版．北京:中国环境科学出版社，2003．［4］环境保护部科技标准司．水污染连续自动监测系统运行管理［M］．北京:化学工业出版社，櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀櫀殩殩殩殩2008．ABSTＲACTSPETＲOCHEMICALSAFETYANDENVIＲONMENTALPＲOTECTIONTECHNOLOGYBimonthly.20Oct．2014Vol．30No．5·Ⅲ·AbstractAimingattheproblemsinthecurrentsta-tisticindexsystemofoccupationalhealthandsafetyforchemicalindustryinourcountryanimprovedsta-tisticindexsystemisproposedwiththreekindsofin-dexincludingreasonstypesandseveritiesofaccidentandoccupationaldiseaseasthecore．Basedonthisindexsystemimportantstatisticaldatasuchastheprobabilityofdifferentaccidentsunsafehumanbe-haviorsequipmentfailureandrateofdiseasescausedbydifferentoccupationalhazardscanbegainediftheaccidentreportiscompletedbyapplyingcomputerai-dedsystem．Thisprovidesabasisforthepreventionofaccidentandoccupationaldisease．KeywordsChemicalindustryOccupationalhealthandsafetyStatisticindexＲESEAＲCHONTHEAPPLICATIONOFCLOSE-VALUEMETHODINOCCUPATIONALSAFETYANDHEALTHASSESSMENT38HeKaijuanLiuSongJiaLei．ShenyangAerospaceUniversityShenyangLiaoning110136AbstractOccupationalsafetyandhealthassessmentisanimportantcomponentinthesafeproductionfieldinourcountry．Itisofgreatimportancetoimprovetheop-erationconditionsandprotectionleveloftheworkerscontinuously．Meanwhileitcanalsoprovidetechnicalsupporttotheresearchesmadebyoccupationalhealthpersonnelandresearchers．Duringtheassessmentprocessmathematicalmethodsandmodelsareoftenusedamongwhichclose-valuemethodiswidelyusedduetoitsscientificandeasyoperationalfeatures．Thispaperintro-ducesthecalculationsoftwareofclose-valuemethodandusedittomakeanassessmentoftheoccupationalhazardinelectrolyticaluminumplantandidealresultswerere-ceived．Thisprovidesabasisforthedevelopmentofoccu-pationalsafetyandhealthprotectionmeasures．KeywordsOccupationalsafetyandhealthassess-mentClose-valuemethodCalculationsoftwareAp-pliedresearchANALYSISONTHEＲISKFACTOＲSOFOC-CUPATIONALDISEASEOFAPLANTANDTHEPＲOTECTIVEMEASUＲES41LinDianpingShiJunShenGuoguang．PetroChinaLiaoyangPetrochemicalCompanyLiaoyangLiaon-ing111003AbstractAccordingtorelatedregulationsandstand-ardsofoccupationalhealththispaperanalyzestheharmfulfactorsintheproductionprocessthelaborprocessandtheproductionenvironmentofthedevicebymeansofthechecklistmethodandcomprehensiveanalysismethod．Thenitpointsoutthepotentialriskfactorsofthedeviceforoccupationaldiseaseexplorestheeffectsofthesefactorsonworkers＇healthandputsforwardsomeprotectivemeasuresagainstthem．Thepapermakesacomprehensiveanalysisonthepoten-tialriskfactorsforoccupationaldiseasesandindicatesthatsuchdiseasescanbeprevented．KeywordsOccupationdiseaseＲiskfactorsAnaly-sisMeasuresDISCUSSIONONTHESTANDAＲDMEA-SUＲESFOＲＲEFINEＲYSEWAGE45QiXiangyi．SINOPECTianjinCompanyTianjin300271AbstractWiththeincreasingofwaterpollutionwa-terresourcesarereducedeachyear．Thecountrydif-ferentregionsandvariousindustrieshaveissuedorfor-mulatedstricterwater-savingindex．Especiallythewastewaterdischargestandardswhichhavebeenorwillbeimplementedwillbringgreatdifficultiesandpres-suresforoilrefiningandchemicalenterprisestohavetheirwastewaterreachedthestandardsandsewagere-used．Basedontheincreasinglystricterwastewaterdis-chargestandardsthispaperintroducesthemainworkofcertainpetrochemicalcompanyinwastewatertreat-mentwater-savingandwastewaterrecycling．Itanaly-zesthemajorproblemsindivertingwastewaterfromcleanwatersourcecontrolwastewatertreatmentandrecycling．Thepaperputsforwardthecountermeasuresforimprovingdiversionofwastewaterfromcleanwatersourcereductionandpre-treatmentofhighconcentra-tionwastewaterproperrevampandsupplementofwastewatertreatmentplant．KeywordsSewagedischargeSourc