book5unit1Grammar

资料仅供参考Howmuchdoyouknowabout“KingCholera”?$100$200$100$300$400$500$200$500$200$300$200资料仅供参考1.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon2.Theyexposedthemselvestocholera.Hegotinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.3.Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.4.Heknewhewouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.5.Peopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.Fromthestomachthediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyandsoontheaffectedpersonwasdead6.Itcamefromtheriver,whichhadbeenpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon7.HetoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthewaterpumpsoitcouldnotbeused8.Inaddition,hefound2otherdeathsinanotherpartofLondonthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.9.Heannouncedthatpollutedwatercarriedthedisease.10.Hesuggestedthatthesourceofallwatersuppliesbeexaminedandthatnewmethodsofdealingwithpollutedwaterbefound.Thewatercompanieswerealsoinstructednottoexposepeopletothepollutedwateranymore11.BecausetheyweregivenfreebeerandsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumpusedas资料仅供参考Thegroundiscoveredby(fall)leaves.fallen1．PastParticipleusedasattribute资料仅供参考These(want)peoplearefromHongKongwanted资料仅供参考Thiswillbethebestnovelofitskindever(write).writtenthathaseverbeenwritten.资料仅供参考Whoweretheso-calledguests(invite)toJackyChuang’sconcertlastmonth?invitedthathadbeeninvited资料仅供参考Sheisdrinking(boil)water.boiledSheisdrinkingthewaterwhichwasboiled.资料仅供参考abrokenheartalostdoganorganizedtrip一颗破碎的心丧家之犬有组织的旅行aheartwhichisbrokenadogwhichislostatripwhichisorganized资料仅供参考Completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.terrifiedpeoplepeoplewhoareterrifiedreservedseatsseatswhicharereservedpollutedwaterwaterthatispollutedacrowdedroomaroomthatiscrowdedapleasedwinnerawinnerwhoispleased资料仅供参考一、过去分词作定语1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。eg：alostanimal一只迷路的动物ausedstamp一枚用过的邮票aninjuredfinger一个受伤的手指abrokencoin一枚破损的硬币alightedcandle一支点燃的蜡烛注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。e.g.：英语口语书面练习spokenEnglishwrittenexercises资料仅供参考少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳theadvancedcountries发达国家drunkenman一个醉鬼areturnedstudent一名留学生aretiredteacher一名退休教师anescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯by-gonedays过去的岁月资料仅供参考2、过去分词作后置定语，表示被动或完成意义。e.g.：HowIregrettedthehourswastedinthewoods!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth．我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。e.g.：ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular．鲁迅写的书很受欢迎We’llgotovisitthebridgebuilthundredsofyearsago．我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。资料仅供参考Practice:ChangethefollowingPastParticipleintoclauses.1）Hetoldusofthegreatwrongdonetohim.=Hetoldusofthegreatwrong___________________________tohim.whichhadbeendone注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成。资料仅供参考2）TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.=TheUnitedStatedisacountry______________________.whichhasdeveloped注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。3）Haveyounoticedthebridgebeingbuiltthere?=Haveyounoticedthebridge______________________there?whichisbeingbuilt注：本句中的过去分词作定语，表示被动的动作正在进行。资料仅供参考2.PastParticipleusedaspredicativeTheshopis(close).closed资料仅供参考Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____(pay)bythehour.paid资料仅供参考Therearetwoglasseswhichare(break)brokenTherearetwobrokenglasses资料仅供参考Thepersonwhofeels(excite)isRonaldoexcitedTheexcitedpersonisRonaldo.资料仅供参考astonishedchildrenchildrenwholookastonishedabrokenvaseavasethatisbrokenacloseddooradoorthatisclosedatrappedanimalananimalthatistrappedthetiredaudiencetheaudiencewhofeeltiredCompletethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.资料仅供参考二、过去分词作表语1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。e.g.：Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech．听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。Youseemfrightened.你似乎受了惊吓。资料仅供参考2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是动词所表示动作的承受者。e.g.：Thisshopisnowclosed．这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态)Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday．这家商店每天6点关门。(动作）资料仅供参考Practice:Completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative.1.丢了钱他自责不已。He______________aboutlosingthemoney.2、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？Whydoyoualways_______________?Doyousleepwellthesedays?3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。I_____________________thefilmIsawlastnight,Ihadexpectedittobebetter.gotblamedlooksotiredwasdisappointedwith资料仅供参考4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。Everybody____________tohearthedeathofthefamousfilmstar．5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋。Thechildren______________________goingtothezoo．6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒.Hiswound___________________anewvirus．wasshockedarereallyexcitedaboutbecameinfectedwith资料仅供参考Mostofthenewspaperswhichwerewiththisfamousstarreportedthenewsofhisdeath.concernedChooseappropriateverbs,usingthepastparticiple.Explaintheuseofthepastparticipleineachsentenceworryinterestarrivefrightenpreparecontinueconcernpredicative资料仅供参考1.Theywerepreparedtoacceptmyidea.2.Hewasfrightenedofgoingaloneintotheemptyhouse.3.Themayorsaidthathewasworriedaboutthecontinuedriseofthewaterlevelintheriverbed.4.Recentlyarrivedsoldiersarehelpingtotakethevictimstosafeareasfromtheflood.5.Mostofthenewspaperseemstobeconcernedwithpopstars.6.I’llbeinterestedtohearwhathehastosay.worryinterestarrivefrightenpreparecontinueconcernattributepredicative资料仅供参考Iwillbeinterestedtohearhisinterestingstory.资料仅供参考1.语态上现在分词:表示主动的动作过去分词:表示已经或被动的动作Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor.Iheardthedooropened.资料仅供参考2.时间上现在分词:表示正在进行的动