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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 管理学资料 > 初中代词用法归纳:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词.docx
代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词、不定代词。一.人称代词:代替具体人名的词叫人称代词。它有一、二、三人称与单数、复数及性别之分,还有主格与宾格之分。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化:(1)Who’sKate?凯特是谁?She’smyfriend.她是我的朋友。注:she代替上文中的Kate,而不能再用Kate来重复回答:Kateismyfriend.(2)LiLeiisaboy.He’stwelve.李雷是个男孩,他十二岁。注:he代替前句中的李雷。(3)Lookatthatbird.ItisPolly.看那只鸟,它是波利。注:it代替前句中的thatbird。(4)Who’sit?(门外有敲门声)谁呀?It’sme.是我。人称代词的用法★1)人称代词的主格在句子中作主语。例如:Heisstudent.他是一个学生。★2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语.)例如:Isawherwiththematleast,Ithoughtitwasher.我看到她和他们在一起,至少我认为是她。(her做宾语,them做介词宾语,her做主语补语)--Whobrokethevase?--谁打碎了花瓶?--Me.--我。(me做主语补语=It'sme.)难点:主格和宾格的区别用法主格做句子主语,而宾格作为动词或者介词的宾语。(动宾结构或者介宾结构)例如:Giveittome.(宾格)Iloveyou.(主格)3).并列人称代词的排列顺序①单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称-第三人称-第一人称,即you-he/she;it-I。例如:You,heandIshouldreturnontime.②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称-第二人称-第三人称,即we-you-they。巩固练习:用适当的人称代词填空。(前后两句人称与数保持一致)(1)MynameisAmy.________amAmy.(2)OurnamesareAmyandGina.________areAmyandGina.(3)HisnameisTim._______isTim.(4)HernameisAlice.______isAlice.(5)TheirnamesareTimandAlice.________areTimandAlice.(6)YournameisLiPeng._______areLiPeng.(7)YournamesareLiPengandLiLei._______areLiPengandLiLei.(8)ItsnameisMimi._________isMimi.★代词it的用法①指代前面提到过的事物。如:Thebookonthedeskisnotmine.ItisJim's.②指代指示代词this或that.如:---What'sthat?---Itisapen.③指代婴儿或不明身份的人.如:Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Pleasegoandseewhoitis.④指代时间或季节如:---Whatisthetimenow?---It'steno'clock.⑤指代天气如:---What'stheweatherliketoday?---It'ssunny.⑥指代距离如:Howfarisitfromyourschooltoyourhome?⑦用作形式主语,常用语下列句型中Itis+adj.+(for/ofsb.)todosth.例句:Itiseasyformetofinishthehomework.Itisimportantforustoworkhard.It'stimetodo/for/that....例句:It’stimeforeatinglunch.It'stimetogetup/forlunch/thatwewenthome.二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词,可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词一般放在所修饰名词的前面,同时它们也有人称和数的变化。形容词性物主代词的前后是不出现冠词的,这是在书写句子时最容易犯的错误。如:myfather,hisdesk,ourroom,theirnames,youraunt等。用法形容词性物主代词起形容词作用,在句中只能作定语,也就是说它后面必须跟一个名词。如:Thisismybike.这是我的自行车。MissGaoisourEnglishteacher.高小姐是我们的英语老师。Idon’tknowhername.我不知道她的名字。即:形容词性物主代词+名词【例】SheisastudentandnameisKate.A.sheB.herC.hersD.his名词性物主代词名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词.如:-Isthisyourbook?-No,itisn't,it'shers(herbook).Thisbookismine.=Thisismybook.Jim's,Tom's,Maria's则是名词所有格。巩固练习:一、用代词的适当形式填空1.Thereisaletterfor________(her、hers)mother.2.Thatis_____(she)coat.Thecoatisred.______(its)isanewone.3.Whosepensarethese?_______(their)are______(we).4.Give_______(he)atoy,please.5.________(we)eyesareblack.6.TimandBillaretwins._________(them)parentsareteachers.7.Givethebookto__________(I).8.Thesebooksare__________(we).9.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)10.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)11.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)12.______ismybrother._____nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_____.(he)二、用适当的人称代词填空:1.__________ismyaunt.Weoftenvisit__________.(she)2.Whatdayis__________today?—__________isThursday.(its)3.Thesenewhousesaresonice.__________areveryexpensive.(them)4.LingLingisagirl.___studiesinaprimaryschool._____brotherliveswith___andhelps___with___lessons.(she)5.Katewantsaglassofmilk.Willyoupassitto____?(she)三、用合适的代词填空1.________(我)amastudent._________(我的)nameisGina.Thisis________(我的)sister.Thispencilis_____(我的).Whereis_______(我的)schoolbag?(我的)_____isonthedesk.(我的)___________favoritesubjectisscience.2、Do_____(你)haveasoccerball?Isthis_______(你的)pencil?Do_____(你)likebananas?Whenis_______(你的)birthday?Whatis______(你的)favoritesubject?Whois____(你的)P.E.teacher.Whydo_______(你)likeP.E.?Whenis_______(你的)P.E.class?Whereis_______(你的)schoolbag?(你的)_____isonthedesk.3.Is_______(他)Alan?What’s_______(他的)lastname?What’s_______(他的)phonenumber?_______(他的)fatherisateacher.___(他)oftenplaysbasketball.Whenis____(他的)birthday?Whatis____(他的)favoritesubject?Whois____(他的)musicteacher.Whydoes_______(他)likeP.E.?Whenis_______(他的)musicclass?Thissoccerballis_____(他的).Whereis_______(他的)schoolbag?(他的)_____isonthedesk.4.Is_______(她)Helen?What’s_______(她的)lastname?What’s_______(她的)phonenumber?_______(她的)fatherisateacher.___(她)oftenplaystennisafterschool.Whenis____(她的)birthday?Whatis_____(她的)favoritesubject?Whois___(她的)musicteacher.Whydoes_______(她)likeP.E.?Whenis_______(她的)musicclass?Thisping-pongbatis_____(她的).Whereis_______(她的)schoolbag?(她的)_____isonthedesk.5._______(我们)arelate.Pleaselet_____(我们)playsoccer.6._______(我们的)classroomisbig.__________(你们的)issmall.7__________(他们)aremyparents.Ilove_______(他们)verymuch.What’s_______(他们的)names?三、指示代词指示代词的基本用法:指示代词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语:指示代词分单数(this/that)和复数(these/those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如:单数复数限定词:ThisgirlisMary.Thosemenaremyteachers.代词:ThisisMary.Thosearemyteachers.如:Thisisyoursandthatismine.这是你的,那是我的。(作主语)Iwantthisbook,notthatbook.我要这本书,不是那本书。(作定语)Iliketheseandhelikesthose.我喜欢这些,他喜欢那些。(作宾语)★表替代的that与those有时为了避免重复,可用that和those代替前面提到的名词:如:ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthatthatofJapan.中国人口比日本人口多得多。(that=thepopulation)HisviewsareclosetothoseoftheSocialistParty.他的观点接近社会党的观点。(those=theviews)巩固练习:一、句型转换:1.Thisisayellowbus.(改为复数句)_____________yelllow_________.二、用所给的词选择填空1、Thesearepensand________arepenci
本文标题:初中代词用法归纳:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、疑问代词.docx
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