新概念二lesson-15

•过去完成时：（过去的过去）•过去完成时主要用于表示两个事件中一个发生在前，或者说是表示较早的过去。when、after、before等也常与过去完成时连用，以强调事件发生的先后次序。Keystructure构成：had+过去分词Whatisgoodnewsforyou?Canyoutellme?L15Goodnewsnewwordsandexpressionssecretaryn.秘书nervousadj.精神紧张的affordv.负担得起weakadj.弱的interruptv.插话nervousadj.1神经质的，神经紧张的2.紧张的，情绪不安的nervous精神紧张的（事情发生时）worried担心的（为以后的事情）upset不安的（对以前的事情）irritable易怒的，急躁的•afford•v.付得起（钱）•affordsth.•affordtodo有足够的（金钱/时间）做…我们买不起新车Wecannotaffordanewcar.•ListenandanswertheQ.Whatwasthegoodnews?•1.ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.•2.IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.1.feel---felt2.lookup抬头看3.enter进入Lookupa)抬头我抬起头来看时，见到有学生静静地看着我。b)查阅，查找你应该在字典上查一下这个单词。WhenIlookedup,Isawfivestudentswatchingmequietly.Youshouldlookthewordupinthedictionary.•3.AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.1.sat---sitsitdown2.business生意直接引语和间接引语•当我们要引用某人的话或想法时,可以将某人说的话一字不改的引用，这叫“直接引语”.•为了简洁和紧凑,我们通常用“间接引语”,即对原话作适当的改变,把说话的内容和想法传达给第三者.•在间接引语中，时态,语序,代词及其它词应该作相应的变化.1.如果引语的引述动词是现在时,将来时或现在完成时,我们一般要用说话者原话中所用的语态.•“WillIbeintime?”shewantstoknow.=Shewantstoknowifshewillbeintime.I’vealreadysaid,“Idon’tknowwanttogo.”=I’vealreadytoldyouthatIdon’twanttogo.句中wants和said是引述词.2.如果引述动词是过去时,引语应该作相应的变化.a)一般现在时改为一般过去时：“IneverworkonSundays,”shesaid.=ShesaidthatsheneverworkedonSundays.b)现在进行时改为过去进行时：“Itisn’training,”shetoldme.=Shetoldmethatitwasn’training.c)一般将来时改为过去将来时：“I’lltellyouaveryfunnystory,”shesaid.=Shetoldmethatshewouldtellmeaveryfunnystory.直接引语改为间接引语时，人称代词和物主形容词应该作适当的变化。地点和时间状语也应作相应改变。•直接引语------间接引语now-----thenthis----thatthese----thosehere----thereago-----beforemy-----his/hertomorrow----thefollowingday----thenextday1.人称•I-he/she•my→his/her•your→your•this→that•these→those•now→then2.连接词•原句是陈述句，用that•原句是一般疑问句，用whether/if•原句是特殊疑问句，用特殊疑问词•（what,who,whom,which,whose）或（when,where,how,why）ExerciseShesays_________shehasahandbag.Doyouknow________theplanewillleave?•Sheasksme___________Tomwasateacher10yearsago.•Hetellsme____________heiswatchingTV.•Iwanttoknow___________hehasbeento?thatwhenif/whetherthatwhere•4.Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.1.couldnot=couldn't2.salary固定工作的工资wage短期工作的工资3、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态,从句时态不变。2.如果主句是过去的时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。3.当从句是客观真理时，用一般现在时。3.时态(前提：主句是过去时)原句时态从句时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时四大要素•1.人称•2.连接词•3.时态•4.语序Exercise•1.Heisastudent.•2.Shewasateacher10yearsago.•3.Iamdoingmyhomework.•4.YouwerewatchingTVat8lastnight.•5.ShehasbeentoBeijing.HesaysthatHesaidthatExerciseShesaidthatshehasahandbag.Didyouknowwhentheplanewillleave?•SheaskedmeifTomwasateacher10yearsago.•HetoldmethatheiswatchingTV.•Iwantedtoknowwherehehasbeento?hadwouldhadbeenwashad•6.Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.Iknowthatmyturnhadcome.myturn指上文中有人被公司解雇这件事•6.‘Mr.Harmsworth,'Isaidinaweakvoice.'Don'tinterrupt,'hesaid.voice特指人的声音inaweakvoice用虚弱的声音Don't+do祈使句的否定形式•7.ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!extra额外的,另外的Twoextrapeoplearecomingfordinne.又有两个人要来吃饭4.语序•宾语从句的语序用陈述语序•Eg:•Iwanttoknowwhenisyourbirthday.•Iwanttoknowwhenyourbirthdayis.•连接词+主语+谓语√•1.Mr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.•2.Businessisverybad.•3.Thefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.•4.Myturnhadcome.•5.Iwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear.HetoldmethatHesaidHetoldmethatIknewthatHetoldmethatSpecialdifficultiesnervous=uneasy紧张不安的Examinationsmakemenervous.irritable=easilymadeangry易怒的Heissuchanirritableperson,youcanhardlyspeaktohim.SpecialdifficultiesofficeThereare6peopleinouroffice.studyIoftenreadinthestudy.deskTherearelotsofbooksonthedesk.Repeat•TheXtoldmeXMr.HarmsworthXXme.I•feltveryXwhenIXXhisoffice.Hedidnot•XXfromhisdeskXIentered.XIhadsat•down,hesaidXXwasverybad.Hetold•meXthefirmXnotXXpayXlargesalaries.•TwentypeopleXalreadyX.IknewXmyX•hadX.•'Mr.Harmsworth,'IsaidXaweakX.•'Don'tX,'hesaid.•ThenheXandXmeIXreceiveanXthousandXayear!