初中英语阅读理解题型分析

ReadingComprehesion体裁题型及对策答题步骤答题5忌单击编辑标题阅读理解1.叙述文以讲述个人生活经历为主，由一定的时间概念贯穿其中，或顺序或倒序。2.说明文提出问题---发现直接原因----分析深层原因-----得出结论或找到出路。3.议论文主张---反主张模式，作者首先提出一种普遍认可的观点或某些人认可的主张或观点，然后说明自己的主张或观点，或者说提出反主张或真实情况。主要题型是作者观点态度题，文章主旨题以及推理判断题。体裁一般在通读短文后可直接找出答题依据，难度较小，属浅层理解题。题型及对策1.细节理解题nottrue\except\mentionsstates/reasonwhen(where,why,how,who,etc.)陈述的观点5w1h四选一•JuliaButterflyHill，anAmericanwoman，wasbornin1974．Shewas23yearsoldwhenshefoundthatacompanywantedtocutdownpartofaforestinCalifornia（加利福尼亚）．......WheredoesJuliaButterflyHillcomefrom？A．TheUSA．B．TheUK．C．Japan．D．China．theUSA等于AmericaOneday,Mr.Smithwenttoadinnerparty.Hewaswearingveryoldclothes.Hecameintotheroom.Butpeopleintheroomdidn'tlookathim.Theydidn'taskhimtositatthetable.Hewasn'thappy.Buthesaidnothing.Mr．Smithwenthomequicklyandputonhisbestclothes．Hewentbacktotheparty．Everyoneintheroomstoodupandlookedathim.Theygavehimgoodfoodtoeat．Whenhecameintotheroom,thepeopledidn'tlookathim.Why?A.Becausethepeopledidn'taskhimtocome.B.BecauseMr.Smithworeoldclothes.C.BecauseMr.Smithdidn'tsayhellotothemfirst.D.Becauseitwasnight,theydidn'tseehim.2.推测词义题正确理解短文中个别关键词，利用同义词、近义词及给定义等方法推测词。题型及对策Mr.Smithtookoffhiscoat,andputitonthefoodandsaid,Eat，coat!Theotherpeopleweresurprisedandasked,Whatareyoudoing?Whydoyoudothat?What'sthemeaningofsurprisedinChinese？A．高兴的B．不满的C．感到惊讶的D．生气的题型及对策1)抓住关键词、短语、句子或段落，透彻理解文章内容注意文章结构层次和逻辑关系，并结合阅读材料外的有关生活、社会常识，作出准确的推断和引申。切不可凭空想象，主观臆断。2)熟悉常用的设问关键词：suggest/implyinferstateconclude暗示推断总结陈述3.推理判断题•Mr．Smithanswered，Iamaskingmycoattoeatfood．WhenIworeoldclothes，youdidn'tlookatme．Youdidn'taskmetositdown．NowIamwearingtheseniceclothes．Andyougivemegoodfood．NowIsee，yougivethefoodtomycoat，nottome．Whichstatementisright？A．Apersoningoodclothesshouldeatgoodfood．B．Agoodcoatshouldeatgoodfood．C．Wecan'tjudge（判断）amanbyhisclothes．D．Mr．Smithisstupid（愚蠢的）1)领会全文大意，真正理解文章的话题和中心思想。读懂文章的题目或一段短文的小标题，寻找主题句(topicsentence)，常在一段的开头或末尾。题型及对策2)熟悉常用的设问关键词：mainidea/subject/theme/pointtitlepurpose主题标题目的4.归纳概括题Mrs.Weekswasreadinganewspaperstorytoherclass.Thestorysaid：Wereyoueverinahospitalwhenyouweresmall?Howdidyoufeel?ThedoctorsinChildren’sHospitalareaskingformoneyforchildren’stoys(玩具).Somechildreninthehospitalmuststayinbedformanyweeks.Toysareneededtokeepthesesick(生病的)childrenhappyandquiet.Moneyforthemcanbesenttothehospital.1.Whatwasthefirstnewspaperstorymainly(主要)about?A.SickchildreninChildren’sHospitalB.DoctorsinChildren’sHospital.C.Mrs.Weeksandherstudents.D.Toysmadebytheboysandgirls.高频词需注意•根据文章内容提供一幅或几幅画(地图、示意图或其他图形)，对某种图形进行选择或判断题型及对策•需要进行一定的运算或推算，才能做出正确的解答。这不仅需要对细节了解清楚，而且需要了解各细节之间的关系。6.计算理解题5.图示理解题DESSERTSFruitsalad￥8.00Pearpancake￥6.00Applepie￥6.00Icecream￥4.00DRINKSCoke￥5.00Coffee￥5.00Tea￥3.00Applejuice￥3.00Beer￥10.00Wine￥30.00Milk￥3.00Lemonade￥4.00What'sthepriceofpearpancakeandacupoftea？A．￥8.00．B．￥9.00．C．￥7.00．D．￥6.00．看清题目所问的内容之后，要在原文中划出原句，并标上题号。这样做的目的：1)做到万无一失，保证把该拿到的分数拿到手。2)减少阅读文章的次数，争取宝贵的时间。题型及对策7．1A类题：可以直接从原文中找到答案的题目2B类题：不能够从原文中直接找到答案的题1)以原文为依据，不参杂个人意见，要客观不要主观。2)答案不选对的，只选最好的。有时候四个答案都是对的。所以，当看到第一答案是正确的时候，也要看后面的答案。•如果答案选项中出现绝对化的词，比如：all，always，never，nothing，every等等，除非文章当中使用了该类词汇，否则，一般都要排除。3C.注意绝对化的词题型及对策e.g.Almosteveryonelikesthemusic.判断正误：Everyonelikesthemusic.F4D.答案要避免以点带面，以偏盖全5E.“傻瓜”原则。文章中没有提到的就当做不知道，不要枉自猜测，自作聪明。一切以文章内容为准。1.先看问题，再读文章2.抓细节、做记号3.细读全文，认真推敲答题基本步骤1.忌不带问题2.忌草率行事3.忌主观印象4.忌囫囵定案5.忌忽略时间阅读“五忌”技巧注意事项单击编辑标题阅读回答问题(1)浏览全文，掌握其大意，了解作者的观点和写作意图。(2)先看题目，画出关键词(5W+1H)(3)把关键词带回原文找到相同处，问什么答什么。回答问题，言简意赅，抓住关键信息，有些时候答案分布在不同的段落，要结合全问进行归纳，避免回答不全。技巧1.一定看懂问题，明白问题的关键所在。2.避免照抄整个的原句，要简答。3.注意人称、时态和语态的变化。注意事项Oneday，afterschoolBillwalkedpasttheshoponthestreetcornerasusual．Hestoppedtolookattheshoesinthewindow，andhefeltsorryforhimself．Hereallywantedtohaveanewpairforhisbirthday．......1.WhydidBillfeelsorryforhimself？____________________________________问什么答什么关键词Becausehereallywantedanewpairofshoes.......Hesadlywalkedawayandthoughtaboutwhattosaytohismother．Heknewshewouldgivehimanythingifshecould．Buthealsoknewshehadlittlemoney．Hedecidednottogohomeatonce，becausehesadandhedidn'twanthismothertoknowaboutit．Sohewenttotheparkandsatonthegrass......looked1.Billhadapoorfamily,didn'the?________________Yes,hedid.注意时态......Thenhesawagirlinawheelchair(轮椅).Hefoundthatthegirlmovedthewheelswithherhands．Billlookedathercarefullyandwassurprisedtoseethatthegirlhadnofeet．Helookeddownathisownfeet．It'smuchbettertobewithoutshoesthanwithoutfeet，hethought．It'snotrightformetofeelsosorryandsad．Hewentawayandsmiled，thinkinghewasluckierinlife．......1.WhodidBillseeinthepark?________________________2.WhatdidBillthinkatlast?________________________问什么答什么Hethoughthewasluckierinlife．Agirlinawheelchair