高一英语非谓语动词讲解及练习

高一英语非谓语动词讲解及练习过去分词不定式动词的-ing形式非谓语动词Smokingmaycausecancer.Hetriedtoavoidansweringtheirquestions.Oneofherdutiesistypingletters.Themansittingnexttoyouisourheadmaster.Beingangry,hecan’tsayaword.Isawhimrunningdownthestreet.主动形式被动形式一般式(not）V-ing(not)being+V-ed完成式(not)havingV-ed(not)havingbeenV-edv-ing形式v-ing形式的作用v-ing形式在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾补。V-ing形式动名词现在分词1.作主语（动名词）e.g.Findingaworkisdifficultthesesdays.Learningalanguageisdifficult.Playingcomputergamesisinterestingformanyboys.2.作宾语（动名词）e.g.Wouldyoumindwaitingafewminutes？TheyarelookingforwardtoMary’scoming.英语中有些动词或动词短语的后面只能跟上动名词。如admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,giveup,enjoy,regret,insiston,practise,finish,putoff,mind,escape,excuse,stand(忍受),imagine,miss,,risk,suggest,can’thelp(禁不住)后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词特殊动词接“动名”，使用它们要记an清l，“放弃”“享受”可“后悔”，“坚持”“练习”必“完成”，“延期”“避免”非“介意”动名介宾不能忘掌握它们你必明。英语中有些动词可以接动名词也可以接不定式,但含义不同.remembergoontododoingtododoingtodo(遗憾要做某事)doing(后悔做了某事)forgettrytodo(设法…)doing(尝试着做…)regretmeantodo(继续做另外一件事)doing(继续做同一件事)stoptodo(停下手中的事去做另外一件)doing(停止做正在做的事情)tododoing1.---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?---___hernewbicycle.A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing2.Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topursueB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded3.作表语（动名词,现在分词）e.g.Oneofherhobbiesisgrowingflowers.Thespeedofthehorseswasamazing.4.作定语（动名词,现在分词）e.g.Therearenoswimmingpoolsinourschool.Doyouknowthethreechildrenwalkingtowardsus?1.v-ing作定语时，单个的v-ing形式放在所修饰的名词前；若是v-ing短语则要放在所修饰的名词之后2.动名词作定语，仅表被修饰的名词的用途，解释为“供给…….之用”.=whoarewalkingtowardsus5.作宾语补足语V-ing形式可以放在某些动词如see,hear,notice,keep,find,get,have,feel等词后作宾语补足语.e.g.SuddenlyIheardsomeoneknockinggentlyonthedoor.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.6.作状语(现在分词)V-ing形式作状语,可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随或陪衬等含义,相当于一个对应的状语从句所表达的意思.Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.=Ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Laughingandtalking,theywentintotheclassroom.（方式）Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.Thoughweighingalmostonehundredpound,theboxwasliftedbyhimwithonehand.Weweresittingbythewindow,talkingaboutwhathappenedyesterday.(伴随）1.当v-ing形式作状语时，若它所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，需用havingdone2.v-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主语保持一致；否则必须带有自己的逻辑主语=Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.=Thoughitweighes…e.g.________areply,hedecidedtowriteasixthletter.A.NotreceivingB.NottoreceiveC.NothavingreceivedD.HavingnotreceivedHavingfinishedmyhomework,IwenttowatchTV.没收信的动作发生在决定写信这一动作之前所以应该用havingdone;此题又是表否定含义，分词的否定式为notdoing/nothavingdone;故选c-ing形式Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomakeHerushedtothestation,only____thetrainhadgone.A.findingB.foundC.findsD.tofindD1.动词不定式和动名词作主语比较动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。例如：_______isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold．A．ThewalkB．WalkingC．TowalkD．WalkB2.动词不定式、动名词、分词作表语比较1）不定式和动名词作表语的区别同作主语一样。动名词表示一般或抽象的多次性动作，不定式表示具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作Hisjobisbuildinghouses．Ourplanistoincreasefoodproduction．（2）现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，不定式作表语表示目的。Therealproblemisgettingtoknowtheneedsofthecustomers．Themostimportantthingistoputtheoryintopractice．Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier，_______itmoredifficult．A．notmakeB．nottomakeC．notmakingD．donotmakeB3.动词不定式和动名词作宾语比较（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：want，wish，hope，manage，demand，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect等。Weagreed_______here，butsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet．A．havingmetB．meetingC．tomeetD．tohavemetC（2）有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，Thesquirrelwassoluckythatitjustmissed_______．A．catchingB．tobecaughtC．beingcaughtD．tocatchIwouldappreciate_______backthisafternoon．A．youtocallB．youcallC．youcallingD．you'recallingCC（4）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有区别，—Thelightintheofficeisstillon．—Oh，Iforgot_______．A．turningitoffB．turnitoffC．toturnitoffD．havingturneditoff—Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting．—Well,nowIregret_______that．A．todoB．tobedoingC．tohavedoneD．havingdoneCD4、动词不定式、分词作宾语补足语和主语补足语比较（1）有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语补足语或主语补足语，如：ask，tell，order，want，wish，warn，allow，advise，permit，forbid等。Thepatientwaswarned_______oilyfoodaftertheoperation．A．toeatnotB．eatingnotC．nottoeatD．noteatingC（2）有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟分词作宾补语或主语补足语，但意义不同，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，have，make等，且不定式不带to，但在被动结构中必须带to。不定式指动作的全过程；现在分词指正在进行的动作的一部分，且表主动意义；过去分词指已经完成的动作，且表被动意义。Weheardhersingthissongbeforewewentin.我们听她唱完这首歌才进去。Weheardhersingingthissongwhenwegotthere.我们到达时，听见她在唱这首歌。Weoftenhearthissongsungbyher.我们经常听见她唱这首歌。(歌是被唱)5.不定式、动名词、分词作定语比较1）不定式作定语表示“将要”，现在分词表示“正在”或主动，过去分词表示“已经”。TheOlympicGames，_______in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912．A．firstplayingB．tobefirstplayedC．firstplayedD．tobefirstplayingc6.动词不定式作状语修饰动词、形容词，表示原因、目的和结果，分词作状语修饰动词和句子，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随和结果。_____lateinthemorning，Bobturnedoffthealarm．A．TosleepB．SleepingC．SleepD．HavingsleptA____suchheavypollutionalready，itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver．A．HavingsufferedB．SufferingC．TosufferD．Suffered_______moreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter．A．GivenB