英语音标学习与练习

音标学习与练习1一、元音（20个）(单元音、双元音）1、单元音(12个)(1)长元音(5个)[i:][ə:][ɑ:][ɔ:][u:]念长元音时，一定要注意音的长度。(2)短元音(7个)[I][ə][ʌ][ɔ][u][e][æ]念短元音时，一定要念得短而自然。[i:]嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵住下齿。E[I]嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵住下齿。舌头前部抬高。嘴要比[i:]嘴张的要大些[ə:]嘴唇微微张开，嘴形扁平，舌身放平，舌中稍抬起。[ə]嘴唇微微张开，嘴形扁平，舌身放平，舌中稍抬起。[ɑ:]嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿。[ʌ]嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍微抬起。[ɔ:]双唇收的又小又圆，向前突出，舌身向后缩。[ɔ]嘴要张的大一些舌身向后缩。，[u:]双唇收的又小又圆，向前突出，舌头尽量向后缩，舌后部抬起。[u]双唇收的又小又圆，向前突出，舌头尽量向后缩，舌后部抬起。[e]舌尖抵住下齿，嘴唇扁平。[æ]舌尖抵住下齿，嘴巴咧的要宽。2、双元音(8个)[ei][ai][ɔi][au][əu][iə][ɛə][uə]发双元音时由一个元音向另一个元音滑动，口型有变化。前一个元音发音清晰响亮，且时间长。后一个元音发音模糊软弱，且时间短。前重后轻音标学习与练习2[ei]嘴型由半开到闭合A[ai]I[ɔi]嘴型由圆到扁[au][əu]嘴型由半开到小O[iə][ɛə][uə]二辅音（28个）1、成对辅音（20个）[p][t][k][f][θ][s][ts][tr][∫][t∫][b][d][g][v][ð][z][dz][dr][З][dЗ][p]双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，声带不震动。[b]双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，声带震动。[t]舌尖抵住上齿龈，弹开舌头，声带不振动。[d]舌尖抵住上齿龈，弹开舌头，声带振动。[k]舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，声带不振动。[g]舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，声带振动。[f]上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，使气流从唇齿间通过。声带不振动。[v]上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，使气流从唇齿间通过。声带振动。[θ]舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，声带不震动。[ð]舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，声带震动。[s]双唇微微张开，舌尖靠近齿龈，气流从上下牙的缝隙间送出，声带不振动。[z]双唇微微张开，舌尖靠近齿龈，气流从上下牙的缝隙间送出，声带振动。[ts]舌尖抵住上齿，使气流从舌头和牙齿的缝隙中流出，声带不振动。[dz]舌尖抵住上齿，使气流从舌头和牙齿的缝隙中流出，声带振动。[tr]双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，声带不震动。[dr]双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，声带震动。[∫]双唇收圆向前突出，舌头上卷，声带不震动。[З]双唇收圆向前突出，舌头上卷，声带震动。[t∫]双唇略微张开，并向前突出，用力吐气，声带不振动。[dЗ]双唇略微张开，并向前突出，用力吐气，声带振动。2、3个鼻音[m]嘴巴闭住，气流从鼻子出来，声带振动。[n]嘴巴微张，舌尖顶住上齿龈，气流从鼻子出来，声带振动。[ŋ]嘴巴张大，舌尖抵住下齿龈，气流从鼻子出来，声带振动。3、3个似拼音[h]嘴唇自然张开，自然呵气，声带不振动。[l]舌尖抵住上齿龈，舌尖轻微用力，舌头弯曲，气流从舌头的旁边送出，声带振动。[r]舌尖向上卷起，舌头不要接触任何部位，双唇稍微突出收圆，声带振动。4、2个半元音（语音学上指擦音中气流较弱，摩擦较小，介于元音跟辅音之间的音）[j]嘴巴形成微笑状，舌尖抵住下齿，舌面贴住上腭，声带振动。[w]舌后抬起，嘴唇向外突出，声带振动。音标学习与练习3读音标练习/i:/bee/bi:/feet/fi:t/keep/ki:p/key/ki:/team/ti:m/meet/mi:t//i/it/it/big/big/city/siti/give/giv/sick/sik//e/get/get/best/best/text/tekst/help/help//æ/fat/fæt/have/hæv/cat/kæt/back/bæk/hat/hæt//a:/laugh/la:f/glass/gla:s/half/ha:f/farm/fa:m/park/pa:k//ɔ:/horse/hɔ:s/saw/sɔ:/corn/kɔ:n/course/kɔ:s/salt/sɔ:t//ɔ/dog/dɔg/pot/pɔt/cost/kɔst/what/wɔt/honest/′ɔnist//u:/food/fu:d/moon/mu:n/rule/ru:l/loose/lu:s/noon/nu:n//u/book/buk/put/put/good/gud/would/wud/could/kud//ʌ/must/mʌst/does/dʌz/money/′mʌni/ugly/′ʌgli/come/kʌm//ə:/nurse/nə:s/bird/bə:d/burn/bə:n/turn/tə:n/girl/gə:l//ə/better/betə/never/nevə/worker/wə:kə/welcome/welkəm//ei/may/mei/name/neim/game/geim/eight/eit/age/eidʒ//əu/no/nəu/home/həum/hope/həup/wrote/rəut/note/nəut/pose/pəuz//ai/eye/ai/time/taim/buy/bai/right/rait/bike/baik/kite/kait//au/now/nau/out/aut/how/hau/about/ə′baut/south/sauθ/house/haus//ɔi/boy/bɔi/toy/tɔi/noise/nɔiz/voice/vɔis/point/pɔint/coin/kɔin//iə/ear/iə/near/niə/idea/ai′diə/hear/hiə/mere/miə/spear/spiə//εə/air/εə/tear/tεə/care/kεə/dare/dεə/fair/fεə/there/ðεə//uə/tour/tuə/poor/puə/sure/ʃuə/moor/muə/(停泊)your/juə//p/pea/pi:/pie/pai/top/tɔp/cap/kæp/people/pi:pl/pride/praid//b/bee/bi:/by/bai/buy/bai/black/blæk/bear/bεə//t/let/let/sat/sæt/feet/fi:t/team/ti:m/tide/taid//d/led/led/sad/sæd/feed/fi:d/do/du:/dear/diə//k/lack/læk/take/teik/clock/klɔk/class/kla:s/weekend/′wi:kend//g/big/big/lag/læg/glass/gla:s/gum/gʌm/good/gud/guest/gest//f/face/feis/fast/fa:st/leaf/li:f/surf/sə:f/favorite/′feivərit//v/very/′veri/five/faiv/fever/′fi:və/serve/sə:v/never/′nevə//θ/bath/ba:θ/(v洗澡)thick/θik/mouth/mauθ/breath/breθ/(n呼吸)thought/θɔ:t/author/´ɔθə/truth/tru:θ/音标学习与练习4/ð/the/ðə/they/ðei/that/ðæt/mother/′mʌðə/thus/ðʌs/then/ðen//s/face/feis/mouse/maus/cakes/keiks/caps/kæps/likes/laiks/stops/stɔps//z/close/kləuz/keys/ki:z/boys/bɔiz/pens/penz/halves/ha:vz//tʃ/catch/kætʃ/cheep/tʃi:p/rich/ritʃ/watch/wtʃ/child/tʃaild/question/kwestʃən/teach/ti:tʃ/challenge/tʃlindʒ//dʒ/orange/′ɔridʒ/large/la:dʒ/juice/dʒu:s/job/dʒɔb//tr/tree/tri:/try/trai/true/tru:/trouble/traubl/track/træk//dr/dry/drai/dream/dri:m/dress/dres/drink/driŋk/hundred/′hʌndrid//ʃ/she/ʃi:/sharp/ʃa:p/fish/fiʃ/shock/ʃɔk/shoe/ʃu://ʒ/pleasure/′pleʒə/measure/′meʒə/television/′teliviʒən//ts/let′s/lets/sports/spɔ:ts/puts/puts/writes/raits/seats/si:ts//dz/hands/hændz/birds/bə:dz/friends/freindz/beds/bedz/stands/stændz//h/he/hi:/hard/ha:d/him/him/heard/hə:d/half/ha:f//l/like/laik/late/leit/learn/lə:n/lead/li:d/light/lait//m/my/mai/more/mɔ:/seem/si:m/meat/mi:t/mind/maind/men/men//n/nice/nais/wind/waind/mind/maind/rain/rein/fine/fain//ŋ/sing/siŋ/wing/wiŋ/ring/riŋ/long/lɔŋ/beautiful/bju:təfl//j/you/ju:/few/fju://music/′mju:zik/student/′stju:dnt/excuse/ik′skju:z//w/work/wə:k/way/wei/twelve/twelv/twin/twin//r/red/red/road/rəud/write/rait/wrong/rɔŋ/problem/′prɔbləm/音标学习与练习5