定语从句高考考点

1定语从句高考考点解析[考点一]考查以that与which引导的定语从句(I)通常只能用that的情况(1)当先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing,everything,none等时。Hisbrotherdid______shecouldtohelphim.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.allD.which(2)先行词被序数词，形容词的最高级以及被all;any;every;each;few;little;no;some;theonly;thevery;thesame;thelast等修饰时。Heistheonlystudentthat(who)ispunishedforbreakingtheschoolrules.(3)如果两个先行词一个指人，一个指物，应用关系代词that。Thefamouswriterandhisworksthattheradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongtheviewers.(4)在某些句型和时间状语中，间或用that来引导定语从句，可以不用when来修饰表示时间的名词，如：everytime,thefirsttime,themoment,theday,theperiod等。(a)Shemademefeelathomethemoment(that)Iarrived.(b)InthetendaysIwasthereIgainedtwopoundsinweight.（5）先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.（6）先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?（7）当关系代词在从句中作表语时Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.(II)通常只用which的情况(1)关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，指物只能用which，不用that。Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,________shewantedtobe.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which(2)关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面整个句子内容时，只能用which。Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it(3)如果句中有两个定语从句，其中一个用了that，另一个最好用which。LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.（4）介词加关系代词后，指物时，若无所属关系，只能用which[考点二]如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词1)找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。Iwillneverforgetthedays(______Istayedwithyou).21958wastheyear______(Spielbergmadehisfirstrealfilm).Pleasegivemethereason_____(youmadesuchagreatsuccess).Doyourememberthelake_____(youfirstmetyourgirlfriend.）2)如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。Yesterdaywewenttovisitthehouse______(thegreatwriterusedtolive).Thehouse______(theybuiltin1987)stayedupintheearthquake.3）如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。Kunmingisabeautifulplace______(flowersareseenalltheyearround).October1stistheday________(newChinawasfounded).[考点三]考查以who、whom与whose引导的定语从句(1)如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,nobody,one,ones,those,all(指人)等作先行词，作主语用who，作宾语用whom、who而不用which。Anyonewhobreakstherulewillbepunished(2)在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who，作宾语用whom、who。Thefamousbasketballstar,_______triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whoAlecaskedthepoliceman_______heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.A.withhimB.whoC.withwhomD.whom(3)在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose,表示某物时，它相当于the+noun+of+which或ofwhich+the+noun；表示某人时，它相当于the+noun+of+whom或ofwhom+the+noun。Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.what(b)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which[考点四]考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句它们相当于“介词+which”，其中where=in/at+which;when=at/in/during+which;why=for+which。(1)关系副词Where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。We’rejusttryingtoteachapoint______bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which(2)关系副词when引导定语从句时,只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。Therewas________time________Ihatedtogotoschool.A.a;thatB.a;whenC.the;thatD.the;when(3)关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewasputintoprison?[考点五]对“as”引导定语从句的考查(1)先行词与as;so;such;thesame连用时，常用关系代词或副词as。(a)Childrenshouldreadsuchbooks_____willmakethembetterandwiser.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as3(b)Ieverstudiedatthesamecollegeasshedid.(2)在引导非限定性定语从句中，指代前面句子的内容时用which或as，指代后面句子的内容时只能用as。Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_______,surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it(3)表示“正如...”时,只能用关系代词as。如：asisknowntoall;asweallknow;as(it)oftenhappens;ashasbeensaidbefore;aswasexpected;asissaidabove;asismentionedabove;asisreported等。______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What[考点六]对“介词+关系代词”的考查当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用“介词+whom/whose”,且两个关系代词均不能省略，介词的选择要遵循两个原则：(a)根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。(b)根据先行词特殊用法而定。(1)Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas，shehadrunbackinthedirection__________shehadcome.A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich(2)Therearetwobuildings,_______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich[考点七]theway作先行词时,定语从句的引导词作状语用inwhich,that或者省略。Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_______hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich[考点八]含有插入语的定语从句，定语从句中不能再重复与先行词有关的代词或副词。在定语从句中常见的插入语有：Ithink,Isuppose,Iguess,Iimagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。(1)---Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?---Right,justtheone________youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what(2)Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,______ofimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis巩固性练习：从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。1．TheBeatles,_____manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as2．ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,________shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.A.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.a