高一英语语法

Q1：情态动词后跟什么？must+?事实Heishere.Heliveshere.推测Hemustbehere.Hemustlivehere.mustdo…事实Heissleepingnow.Hewassleepingthen.推测Hemustbesleepingnow.Hemustbesleepingthen.mustbedoing…事实Hehasbeenhere.Hehaslefthere.Hewashereyesterday.Helefthereyesterday.Hehadbeenhere.Hehadlefthere.推测Hemusthavebeenhere.Hemusthavelefthere.Hemusthavebeenhereyesterday.Hemusthavelefthereyesterday.Hemusthavebeenhere.Hemusthavelefthere.musthavedone…事实Hehasbeenworkinglate.Hehadbeenworkinglate.推测Hemusthavebeenworkinglate.Hemusthavebeenworkinglate.musthavebeendoing…mustbedone----------------musthavebeendone----------------⑴Modalverbscanbefollowedby:主动被动一般式mustdo进行式mustbedoing完成式musthavedone完成进行式musthavebeendoing1.---IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.---Oh,didyou?You_____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.musthavestayedD.wouldstay2.---Ididn’tknowyouweregoodfriends.---You_____.Ihaveknownhersinceshemovedhere.Youwerestudyingabroadthen.A.mayhaveB.musthaveC.couldn’thaveD.couldn’tQ2：情态动词表什么含义？1.表示能力2.表示义务、责任、必要3.表示请求、许可、禁止4.表示习惯和倾向5.表示意志6.表示推测6.情态动词表示推测can/could“可能”may/might“可能”should/oughtto“应该；总该；想必”must“一定；肯定”will/would“会”理论(泛泛)可能性1.Inthosedays,amanmightbehangedforstealingasheep.=在那个年代，偷一只羊就可能被绞死。2.Itwasaplacewhereanythingcouldhappen.=那可是个任何事物都会发生的地方啊。3.Afterhavingababy,awomanmaysufferfromdepressionforseveralmonths.=妇女生了孩子后，可能有好几个月情绪低沉。4.ScotlandcanbeverywarminSeptember.=九月的苏格兰可能非常暖和。(过去)(现在)现实(具体)可能性1.---WhereisEmma?---Idon'tknow.Shemaybeoutshopping.2.---WhereisSarah?---Shecould/may/mightbeatJoe'splace.3.---Whoisthatatthedoor?---Itcanonlybethepostman.(canonly=must)现实(具体)可能性句式情态动词含义肯定句must一定may/might/could可能(不用can)否定句can't/couldn't不可能maynot/mightnot可能不疑问句can/could/might会(不用may)1.---Pollyisverylate.---She______________havemissedhertrain.2.---Thereisthedoorbell.Who___itbe?---It____beyourmother.SheisinEdinburgh.3.Where_________theybenow?4.________________thisbetrue?5.IfAisbiggerthanB,andBisbiggerthanC,thenA_____bebiggerthanC.6.Ednaisn'tinheroffice.She_____havegonehome.may/might/couldcancan'tcould/canCould/Can/Mightmustmust7.Wherecanshehavegone?Shecan'thavegonetoschool---it'sSaturday.Andshecanhardlyhavegonetochurch.Shecould/may/mighthavegoneswimming.1.Youcanbeveryannoying.=有时你会很让人生气。=Sometimesyouareveryannoying.2.Itcanbequitewindyonthehills.=山上有时风很大。=Sometimesitisquitewindyonthehills.3.HarvestandThanksgivingfestivalscanbeveryhappyevents.注意1现实(具体)可能性-------否定句、疑问句can理论(泛泛)可能性肯定句、否定句、疑问句某物或某人的性质特怔,译成“有时会…”注意21.Carsmustn’tparkinfrontoftheentrance.=Itisnotallowed.mustn’t=不准(表义务、责任)1.Theplaneshouldbelandingnow.=Iexpectitislandinganditisverylikelytobelanding.2.Thelettershouldhavearrivedbynow.=Iexpectithasarrivedandithasprobablyarrived.3.Tomshouldknowtheaddress.=IexpectTomknowsitanditisprobablethatheknowsit.4.Let'snotgoshoppingnow.Theshopswillbeverycrowded.5.Let'sgoshoppingnow.Theshopswillbe/shouldbefairlyempty.6.Let'sgoshoppingnow.Theshopswon'tbe/shouldn'tbetoocrowded.注意3should/oughtto表推测①二者表推测，指的是合乎期望的可能性，表“某事很有可能如期望发生”，译成“总该...；想必...”。②因此当表示使说话者不快的假设时不用should或oughtto。1.---Ihearyouhavewrittenanovel.---Yes,thebook_____beoutinamonthorso.A.canB.dareC.shouldD.need2.---Doyouthinktheflightisdelayed?---It_____be,espciallyinsuchweather.A.wouldB.shouldC.oughttoD.might3.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit_____beveryslow.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can4.---IsJohncomingbytrain?---Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may5.Jack_________yet;otherwise,hewouldhavetelephonedme.A.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrivedD.neednothavearrived.⑵Modalverbscanbesortedaccordingtotheirmeanings:①表能力:can/beableto肯定句中表过去长期泛泛能力肯定句中表过去具体某时能力否定句中可表过去具体某时能力②表推测:can(could)/may(might)/should(oughtto)/mustNote1:can(could)/may(might)/must表推测(具体某时可能性)Note2:can在肯定句中表泛泛可能性,即某人或某物的性质特征Note3:should=oughtto表推测③表“许可”：may(might)/can(could)/shall④表“义务”：must/haveto/should/oughtto/shall⑤表“需要”：need（常用于否定疑问句）⑥表“意愿”：“就是（不）愿”will/would⑦表“习惯”：“老是；总是”will/would/usedto⑧表“敢”：dare（常用于否定疑问句）⑨表“许诺/威胁”：shall⑩a)情态动词完成式：表“本...”shouldhavedone≈oughttohavedone本该做(而没做)shouldn'thavedone≈oughtn'ttohavedone本不该做(而做了)needn'thavedone本没必要做(而做了)couldhavedone本可以做(而没努力去做)1.---Wewalkedupoutofbreathyesterday.---Youneedn'thavewalkedup.Wecouldhavetakenthelift.b)may/might(just)aswelldosth.不妨做某事；还是做某事好may/mightwelldosth.很可能做某事maydosth....,but...尽管...但是.../也许...但是...1.It'slate,soImayaswellgotobed.2.Shemaywellrefusetospeaktoyou,becauseshe'sinaverybadmood.3.Thatcoatmayhavecostalotmoney,butitisworthit.4.他尽管胖了点，但仍能跑得快。Hemaybefat,buthecanstillrunfast.c)ifyoumust(dosth.)表“如果你一定要（那么做）”（虽不赞同但可允许）1.---CanIsmokehere?---Ifyoumust.