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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 管理学资料 > 小升初英语主谓一致-反意疑问句-祈使句-感叹句-一般疑问特殊疑问句等句型总复习
主谓一致1语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。Tom________(is/are)agoodstudent.汤姆是个好学生。Theyoften________(plays/play)footballontheplayground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。2.意义一致原则:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。Myfamily________(is/are)havinglunchnow.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twentydollars________(is/are)tooexpensiveforthebook.这本书20美元太贵了。3.就近一致原则:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近它的主语。例如:Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudents________(like/likes)playingfootball.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There________(is/are)apenandsomebooksonthedesk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。二、主谓一致常考题型☆1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式;复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。Thedesk________(is/are)Tom’s.这张桌子是汤姆的。Somewater________(is/are)inthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。Thestudents________(is/are)playingfootballontheplayground.这些学生正在操场上踢足球。☆2.morethanone+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。Morethanonestudent________(has/have)everbeentoBeijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。☆3.表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。Twomonths________(is/are)alongholiday.两个月是一个长假。Twentypounds________(is/are)notsoheavy.20磅并不太重。Fiveminusfour________(is/are)one.5减4等于1。☆4.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。Eachboyandeachgirl________(has/have)gotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Everymanandeverywoman________(is/are)atwork.每个男人和女人都在工作。☆5.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。Oneandahalfhours________(is/are)enough.一个半小时足够了。☆6.动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Tosee________(is/are)tobelieve.眼见为实。Doingeyeexercises________(is/are)goodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。☆7.a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语,谓语动词用单数。Astudentortwo________(like/likes)tolistentothisnewteacher’sclass.一两个学生喜欢听这位新老师的课。☆8.当主语部分(主语是单数时)含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,besides,except,but,like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致,即“就远原则”Mikewithhisfather________(has/have)beentoEngland.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,likehisbrother,________(enjoy/enjoys)playingfootball.迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。Thestudentsaswellastheteacher______(was/were)presentatthemetting开会的时候,学生们和老师都在场。☆9由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式;由or,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,not…but…,及therebe句型连接两个名词或代词作主语时,根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。但是如果either,each,neither作主语,则动词为单数形式。EithermywifeorI________(am/is/are)going.Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelse________(know/knows)theanswer.Notonlyyoubutalsohe________(is/are)readytoleave.Eachofus________(has/have)gotanewstorybook.Neitherofthebooks________(is/are)veryinteresting.☆9.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一般用复数形式,但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人,事物,或概念时,谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下:a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物;a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物。Thewriterandteacher________(is/are)coming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)Thewriterandtheteacher________(is/are)coming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)Aknifeandfork________(is/are)onthetable.桌子上放着一副刀叉。☆10.people,police等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语,若指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,若指一个一个的具体成员时,谓语动词复数形式。Peoplehere________(is/are)veryfriendly.这儿的人很友好。Hisfamily________(is/are)notlarge.他家的人不多。Myfamilyall________(like/likes)watchingTV.我们一家人都喜欢看电视。☆11.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,nobody,everyone,everything,noone,nothing作主语,谓语动词用单数。________(Is/Are)everyoneheretoday?今天大家到齐了吗?Something________(is/are)wrongwithhim.他有毛病。Nobody________(was/were)in.没有人在家。☆12.each,either,neither,another,theother作主语,谓语动词用单数。Eachofthem________(has/have)anEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。Neitheranswer________(is/are)correct.两个答案都不正确。☆13.以—s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news,maths,physics等。Nonews________(is/are)goodnews.没有消息就是好消息。Maths________(is/are)verypopularinourclass在我们班数学很受欢迎。☆15.如果主语是由“aseriesof,akindof,aportionof等+名词”构成时,动词一般用单数形式。但avarietyof,anumberof+名词复数,动词要用复数形式;.而thenumberof+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。Anumberofstudents________(is/are)goingtovisitthisplaceofinterest.Thenumberofthestudents________(is/are)over800☆16.the+形容词表示一类人时谓语动词用复数形式;表示抽象概念时,用单数形式。Thepoor________(is/are)veryhappy,buttherich________(is/are)sad.Thebeautiful________(live/lives)forever.美是永存的。反意疑问句反意疑问句:附在陈述句之后,对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问。结构:助动词/情态动词+主语,前肯后否,前否后肯。eg:Helikesplayingfootball,doesn’the?HecanspeakEnglish,can’the?★其他类型反意疑问句的用法(1)Therebe变成bethereThereare3dogs,aren’tthere?Thherewillbeameetingtomorrow,won’tthere?(2)祈使句后的反意疑问句:肯定祈使句的反意疑问句通常用willyou或won’tyou,否定祈使句的反意疑问句只用willyou。Passmeabook,willyou?Haveanothercupoftea,won’tyou?Don’twatchtoomuchTV,willyou?★★Let’sgoshopping,shallwe?Letusgonow,willyou?(3)陈述部分用no,noone,nothing,nobody,never,few,little,seldom,hardly,rarely,等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。Birdsrarelybuildnestsinourgarden,dothey?Hehardlysayssuchwords,doeshe?(4)陈述句的主语是不定代词everything,something,anything,nothing时,其后的反意疑问句主语用it。Everythingisright,isn’tit?Nothingisinthebox,isit?(5)陈述句的主语是不定代词everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,noone,none时,其后的反意疑问句主语用they.Everybodyhasgotthenewbooks,haven’tthey?Everyoneknowshisjob,don’tthey?Anyonecandothat,can’tthey?Nooneisinterestedinmath,arethey?★不定代词做主语的反义疑问句,指物的一般用it反问,指人的用they反问。(6)陈述部分的谓语是usedto时,疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。Sheustedtoclimbthemountain,usedn’tshe?/didn’tshe?7)陈述部分有hadbetter+do,疑问句部分用hadn'tyou?You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?(8)含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中,简短问句一般反映主句中主、谓之间的关系。Shesaidthattheywerehappy,didn’tshe?Youthinkthatyouarefunny,don’tyou?但如果主句是Ithink,Ibelieve等时,则简短问句反映的是that从句中主语与
本文标题:小升初英语主谓一致-反意疑问句-祈使句-感叹句-一般疑问特殊疑问句等句型总复习
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