Tank+cleaning货舱清洗

Revised1stMar2005COMGroup,TM1WhatisTankCleaning什么是洗舱Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM2CompanyObjectivesofTankCleaningDeliver“CleanonboardCargoes”andprovideprofessionalservicestomeetcustomers’requirements.ContinuouslyimproveourTankCleaningprocessestoincreaseefficiencyandcustomersatisfaction.Ensurethatresourcesandtrainingarereviewedtomeetcustomers’requirements.Asacompany,wearecommittedtocontinuousimprovementinthequalityofallourservicesandoperations.Wearealsocommittedtocontinuousimprovementandenhancementofourrelationshipswithcustomers,shareholders,employeesandpartners.Compliancewithsafety,healthandenvironmentallegislationandregulationscontinuouslyimprovingthesafetyandhealthpreventingpollution;systematicallyidentifyingrisksfromouractivitieswhetherarisingfromfacilities,equipmentorpeople;controllingidentifiedrisksbyensuringthatappropriateresourcesareavailableforbothplanningandoperations;Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM3TankCleaningEquipments相关洗舱设备Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM4TankCleaningMachineTherearetwo(2)typesofgreasetypeandnon-greasetypewhichcanbefoundfrommaker‘sinstructionbook.Chemicaltankersgenerallyusenon-greasetype.Knowingwatercapacity&cycletimeoftankcleaningmachineagainstthewaterpressureisveryusefultocarryouteffectivetankcleaning.有两种洗舱设备。知道水的容量，洗舱设备循环时间，以及水压力是非常有用的ThisisasampleofT/CmachinewhichisusedforchemicaltankersofDWT10,000foryourguidance.Lowwaterpressureisusedforvolatilecargo,orpreventingdamageofcoatingincaseofaggressivecargo.低水压用于易挥发货物，或者在装了对涂层有刺激货物后为了保护涂层。Highwaterpressureisusedfornon-volatilecargo,highviscositycargoorvegetable&animaloil.高水压用于不挥发货物，高粘度货物或者植物油，动物油。120ºUP180ºDN270ºUP360ºRevised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM5TankCleaningHeater洗舱加热器Ithastobemaintainedwellandtoconductcleaningoftheheaterbychemicalcleanerevery6monthssoastogetgoodtemperatureduringtankcleaning.每六个月使用化学清洗剂清洗，进行维护，从而保证洗舱达到理想的温度Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM6Factorstobeconsideredfortankcleaning洗舱时应考虑的因素Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM7PropertyofCargoa)Aggressivecargo(MEK,Methanol)刺激性货物（丁酮，甲醇等）Suchcargomakescoatingofcargotanksoftenanddamaged.Beforetankcleaning,Itisrequiredtotakecuringtimebyventilationuntiltankcoatingrecoveredtotheoriginalcondition.Lowwaterpressureoflessthan6kg/cm2shouldbeappliedduringbutterworthing.该货物使涂层软化以及遭到损坏，在洗舱前，需要通风使涂层愈合，在洗舱时水压小于6公斤/平方厘米b)Viscosityofcargo(Lubadd,OLOA270)高粘度货物Viscosityistheinternalresistancecreatedinfluidssuchaswater,oilandgaswhenthesematerialsflow.Strengthorrateofviscosityis,inprinciple,shownas(mPa.s)at20C.Viscosityisaffectedbytemperatureand/orpressure.Viscosityofliquiddecreasesastemperaturerises.液体的粘度随着温度的升高而减少。Thereforehighertemperatureandhighpressureofwashingmachinecanmakeiteasytoremovecargoresidueincargotank.SuchcargotanksarerequiredtodotankcleaningbyhightemperatureandsettingT/Cmachineswithalotofstepaccordingtotheheightofcargotank.提高水温以及压力来除去残余货物Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM8PropertyofCargoc)Solidityofcargo(FattyAlcohol,PalmOil)易凝结（固化）物质Everycargohasitsmeltingpointwhichisthetemperaturethattheabsorptionofheatenergycausesthemoleculestomovemorefreely,breakingupthesolidstructure.Onthecontrary,freezingpointisthetemperatureatwhichcrystallizationbegins.Thetemperatureoftankcleaningwaterdependsonmeltingpointofcargo.SuchcargotanksarerequiredtodotankcleaningbyhightemperatureandsettingT/Cmachineswithalotofstepaccordingtotheheightofcargotank每种货物都有相应的溶点（凝固点），提高水温，根据货舱高度来采取多步骤。d)Corrosive(AceticAcid,CausticSoda)腐蚀性（冰醋酸，液碱）Liquidswhichcorrodenormalconstructionalmaterialssuchassteel&coatingatanexcessiverate.ThosecargotanksarerequiredtodoT/Cbyabundantwaterimmediatelyassoonascompletionunloadingcargo.TheT/Cwatershouldbedischargeddirectlyintoseathroughflexiblehoseorpipelineinordertoavoiddamagetocoating.Sloppingtoothercargotankisnotrecommended.完货后立即需要使用大量的水清洗，直接通过软管或者管线排入海中，不建议将洗舱污水放在别的货仓中。Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM9PropertyofCargoe)Vaporpressure(Methanol,Acetone)蒸气压（甲醇，丙酮）Thepressureexertedbythevaporabovetheliquidatagiventemperature.Itisexpressedasabsolutepressure.ThecargowithhighvaporpressurecanbedoneT/Cbysimplemethodonlyonestepofmachinebecausethereisnoresidueonthewallbutonlybottomandshortesttimewhichcanremoveresidueremainedonbottom.在液体表面上蒸气产生的压力。使用压力表示。高蒸气压的货物可以仅仅使用非常简单方式和少量的步骤来进行洗舱，因为舱壁没有残留物，仅仅在舱底才有残留物，使用最少的时间就可以将残留物除去。DuringtheinitialstagesofT/C,lowtemperatureoftankcleaningwaterisrequiredinordertoavoidexplosionbyflammablevapor.Cargoresiduesofsubstanceswithavaporpressuregreaterthan5kpa(equaledto37.5mmMg)at20Cmayberemovedfromacargotankbyventilation.在洗舱初期，必须使用低温水洗舱，避免可燃蒸气爆炸。在20度时当残留物的物质的蒸气压力大于5KPa(等于37.5mmMg),可以仅用通风来除去残留物。Revised1stDec2004COMGroup,TM10PropertyofCargof)Staticelectricity(Benzene)静电（苯）Cleanoilsare,ingeneral,accumulatorsofstaticelectricitybecauseoftheirlowconductivityanditisrequiredfollowingprecautionsbefore/during/aftertankcleaninginordertoavoidexplosion:通常来说，清油由于不导电的特征从而使其容易聚集电荷，在洗舱中需要下列步骤来避免爆炸。·Beforewashing,thetankbottomshouldbeflushedwithwaterandstripped.在洗舱前，舱底必须加水冲洗，并且泵出。·Beforewashing,thetankshouldbeventilatedtoreducethegasconcentrationoftheatmosphereto10%orlessofthelowerf