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在表达”让步“时,though,although,eventhough为连词,可以连接状语从句;而despite和inspiteof为介词,后面跟名词及词组、代词和动名词,despiteof和indespiteof都是错误的用法,不应该使用。一、despite和inspiteof是同义词,意为“即使,尽管;尽管(自己)不愿意”,在写作中,相比于inspiteof,despite更为正式一点或是使表达更为简洁,两者经常可以互换,例如:Katewenttothecarnivaldespite/inspiteoftherain.尽管下雨,凯特还是去了狂欢节。Ruthwokeupfeelingrefresheddespite/inspiteofDavecallingatmidnight.露丝醒来时感到神清气爽,尽管戴夫半夜打电话来。Iwanttogoforarundespite/inspiteofthisrain.尽管下雨,我还是想去跑步。Despite/inspiteofeatingMcDonaldsregularlyTinaremainedslim.尽管蒂娜经常吃麦当劳,但她仍然很苗条。Despite/inspiteofmyself,Harry'sremarkshadcausedmetostopandreflect.哈里的话让我不由自主地停下来细想。ThebluntcommentmadeRichardlaughdespite/inspiteofhimself.这番率直的话让理查德不由自主地大笑起来。二、despite和inspiteof的反义词是becauseof,例如:JulielovedTominspiteofhisfootballobsession.尽管汤姆痴迷足球,朱莉还是爱他。JulielovedTombecauseofhisfootballobsession.朱莉爱汤姆是因为他对足球的痴迷。三、despite和inspiteof经常跟thefact连用,例如:Sheboughtanewpairofshoesdespitethefactthatshealreadyhad97pairs.她买了一双新鞋,尽管她已经有97双了。Shewenttothecinemainspiteofthefactthatshewasexhausted.尽管她筋疲力尽,她还是去看电影了。Hestilllovesher,despitethefactthatshelefthim.尽管她离开了他,他仍然爱好。Despitethefactthatthediseaseissoprevalent,treatmentisstillfarfromsatisfactory.尽管疾病肆虐,治疗却远不尽如人意。四、despite和inspiteof可以放在句首和句首,位置不同时,强调的重点不同,例如:Shelikedicecreamdespitehavingsensitiveteeth.----强调喜欢吃冰激凌她还是喜欢冰淇淋,尽管牙齿敏感。Despitehavingsensitiveteeth,shewentlikedicecream.----强调牙齿敏感尽管牙齿敏感,她还是喜欢吃冰淇淋。五、though、although和eventhough的区别1、although和though同义,在一般情况下,可以互换使用。只是though较普遍,常用于非正式的口语或书面语中,而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重,常用以强调让步概念,例如:Though/Althoughmycarisveryold,Idon'twanttobuyanewone.虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的。HeinsistedondoingitalthoughIwarnedhimnotto.虽然我警告他不要做,但他仍然坚持要做。Hewasinlovewithher,althoughhedidnotputthatnametoit.他爱着她,虽然他没有将其称为爱。2、even能和though组合表示强调,但even不能和although组合。因此,不能说evenalthough,在这里eventhough=evenif(nomatterif;though即使……也……),例如:Evenif/Eventhoughwecouldaffordit,wewouldn'tgoabroadforourvocation.即使我们付得起这笔钱,也不出国度假。3、当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时,通常用though,而不用although,例如:Thoughalltheworldwereagainstme,Ishouldstillholdtomyopinion.就算全世界都反对我,我还是坚持我的立场。Thougheverybodydesertsyou,Iwillnot.即使所有人都抛弃你,我也不会的。4、though可以独立用作副词,常放在句末,意为allthesame(还是;仍然)或however(可是;然而),而although无此用法。如:Shedidn'ttellmewhatshehaddone,butIknowitthough.她没有告诉我她所做的事情,但我还是知道了。It'shardwork.Ienjoyit,though.工作很苦,可是我喜欢。5、though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装,而although从句则不能,例如:Bravelythoughtheyfought,theyhadnochanceofwinning.虽然他们打得很勇敢,但还是没有机会获胜。相同点:1、在although和though引导的让步状语从句中,主句里不可用but,若要强调前后两部分的对比意义,可在主句前加yet或still,例如:Although/Thoughhehasalotofmoney,yet/stillheisunhappy.他虽然有很多钱,但并不幸福。2.although和though引导让步状语从句时,常采用省略形式。如:Althoughtired(=Althoughhewastired),hekeptonworking.虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作。Theproblem,thoughcomplicated(=thoughitiscomplicated),canbesolvedwithoutmuchdifficulty.这个问题虽然复杂,但解决起来不会有很大困难。六、在表达让步时,可以用though,although和eventhough来替代使用,只是though,although和eventhough后面接的是从句,例如:尽管我们一再批评,他还是依然如故。despite:Despiteourrepeatedcriticisms,heremainsunchanged.inspiteof:Inspiteofourrepeatedcriticisms,heremainsunchanged.though/although/eventhough:Thoughwecriticizedrepeatedly,heremainsunchanged.
本文标题:though、although、even-though、despite和-in-spite-of-的
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