初中英语语法点

中考一轮复习1让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！目录第1讲数词、名词…………………………………………………………2第2讲介词、冠词…………………………………………………………11第3讲代词…………………………………………………………………19第4讲形容词、副词………………………………………………………27第5讲动词的时态…………………………………………………………33第6讲动词的语态…………………………………………………………42第7讲非谓语动词…………………………………………………………47第8讲情态动词……………………………………………………………54第9讲复合句的辨别和综合运用…………………………………………59第10讲情景交际……………………………………………………………642ChapterOne数词与名词一．基数词含义：描述事物数量多少的词1.一位数、两位数的表达法1-12：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve13-19：thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen整十位数：twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety其他数：整十位数+个位数，中间可有连词符。如：thirty-five2.三位数的表达法205：twohundredandfive944：ninehundredandforty-four3.四位数的表达法5,555：fivethousand,fivehundredandfifty-five6,009：sixthousandandnine4.其他100,100,001：onehundredmillion,onehundredthousandandone二．序数词1.第一到第三：first,second,third2.第四到第十九：在对应基数词之后加th，特殊的有fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth3.整十位数的序数词：把对应基数词去y加ieth，如：twentieth,fortieth,ninetieth4.其他数的序数词：个位数用对应序数词，其他数位不变，如：ninety-ninth一．基数词1.考查百、千、百万的表达法(1)(the)threehundredpeople（这）三百个人其中，不管hundred前面的是基数词还是类似many，several，afew这样的表示虚数的词，hundred永远用单数(2)hundredsofpeople成百上千的人表示该含义时，hundred前不能加别的词，且hundred本身用复数，后面的复数名词前需要加of，of后没有the(3)threehundredofthepeople这些人中的三百人表示该含义时，hundred本身仍然用单数，但hundred和名词之间需要加ofthe2.年龄表达法基本概念（数词）考点覆盖（数词）中考一轮复习3让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！(1)Heisaneleven-year-oldboy.Heiselevenyearsold.(2)“在某人几十岁时”的表达法：inone's+整十数基数词的复数在某人四十多岁时：inone'sforties在某人三十五六岁时：inone'smidthirties在某人二十一二岁时：inone'searlytwenties在某人五十八九岁时：inone'slatefifties3.基数词作人称代词的同位语Wethreearegoodfriends.Theteachertookusfourtothecinema.4.年代的表达法in2001在2001年inthe1980s在20世纪80年代5.次数、倍数的表达(1)一次/一倍：once两次/两倍：twice其他：three/four/five...times(2)对次数的提问：Howmanytimes...?对频率的提问：Howoften...?(3)倍数与比较①A+动词+倍数+the+n.ofBShanghaiisfivetimesthesizeofChangzhou.MikerunsattwicethespeedofTom.②A+动词+倍数-1+比较级+thanBOurclassroomistwicebiggerthantheirs.Thevaselookstwicemorebeautifulthanthatone.③A+动词+倍数+as+原级+asBThelandscapeinthisareaisasbeautifulasthatinThailand.Therabbitrunsthreetimesfasterthanthedog.二．序数词1.序数词的拼写问题第9、19、90、99：theninth/nineteenth/ninetieth/ninety-ninth第12：thetwelfth第14、40：thefourteenth/fortieth第20：thetwentieth2.序数词前的冠词问题(1)序数词前通常需要加the，表示顺序概念Thethirdstudentismybrother.第三个学生是我弟弟。(2)序数词前加不定冠词a/an，表示“再、另外”的概念4Wouldyoulikeasecondcupofcoffee?=Wouldyoulikeanothercupofcoffee?3.被序数词修饰的名词的定语形式(1)后置定语通常用动词不定式的形式thefirststudenttoarrive第一个到达的学生(2)定语从句的关系代词只能用that，且从句中通常用完成时HeisthefirstkindmanthatIhavemetinthecity.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheGreatWall.4.序数词常与最高级连用Thisisthesecondlongestriverintheworld.ThesizeofthesquareisthethirdbiggestinChina.5.序数词和基数词同时做定语时的顺序问题thefirstthreestudentstocome先来的三个学生thethreefirstprizes三个一等奖thefirstthreeprizes前三个奖项6.固定词组中的序数词和基数词的使用UnitTwo=thesecondunitPage53=thefifty-thirdpage7.分数表达法(1)口诀：分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于1，分母加s五分之一：one-fifth七分之二：two-sevenths四分之三：three-fourths/threequarters二分之一：a/onehalf百分之三十：thirtypercent(2)分数后可接不可数名词或可数名词复数，谓语动词的形式由名词决定Seventy-onepercentoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.One-thirdoftheappleshavebeeneaten.一．单项选择()1.--Howmanypeoplecametowatchtheconcertheldinthetownhalllastweek?--_____cametowatchit.A.SeveralthousandsofpeopleB.AfewthousandpeopleC.SomethousandspeopleD.Manythousandofpeople()2.Ithinkitisthefirsttimethathe_____tothetopofthemountain.A.climbedB.toclimbC.hasclimbedD.hadclimbed()3._____ofthedeer_____eatinggrassatthefootofthehill.A.three-fourths,isB.three-forths,areC.three-fourths,areD.three-forths,is()4.Thelongestriverinmycountryis_____,accordingtothestatisticsfromtheauthority,thanthe_____one.自我检测（数词）中考一轮复习5让孩子成为人生道路的冠军！A.threetimesaslong,twolongestB.threetimesaslong,secondlongestC.threetimeslonger,twolongestD.threetimeslonger,secondlongest()5.The_____ofdrinkablewateravailableontheearthisnomorethan3_____.A.percent,percentageB.percentage,percentC.percentage,percentageD.percent,percent()6.Wehave_____prizesthistimebecausetheyhavegotthesamescore.A.threefirstB.firstthreeC.thefirstthreeD.threethefirst()7.Doyouknowthesecondinvention_____shockedtheworldinhistory?A.whichB.whoC.thatD.when()8.Discoenjoyedgreatpopularityincitiesin_____.A.1980sB.1980’sC.the1980sD.the1980()9._____kiwifruithavegonebad.Wecan’tsellthemtothecustomers.A.ThreehundredsB.ThreehundredsoftheC.ThethreehundredD.Threehundredof()10.--IthoughtovertheMathproblemforhalfanhouryesterdaybutIjustcouldn’tworkitout.--Whynottry_____timenow?A.thesecondB.secondC.asecondD.aseconds二．填空1.Tomorrowwillbethe________(99)birthdayofmygrandmother.2.Theproportionofthegirlstotheboysinthismiddleschoolisestimatedas________.(2/5)3.Iwasluckytobechosenasthefirststudent________(give)suchanhonorableaward.4.Sixoutoftenstudents________(receive)theirpilot’slicensessofar.5.Doyouknowwhothe________(3)tallestmanintheworldis?6.Herhusbandhascelebratedallthe________(12)birthdaysofherssincetheygotmarried.7.Intwodays,theprettygirlwillhaveher________(19)birthday.8.Boysandgirls,pleaseturntoPage________(49).三．改写句子1.Sheistwiceolderthanmysister.Sheis________________________________________mysister.2.Theruleristhreetimesaslongasmyruler.Theruleris____________________________