高中完形填空解题技巧与方法指导

第1页共14页高中完形填空解题技巧与方法指导一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择首句一般不设空。因此我们应重视首句，并利用首句预测短文的问题和全文内容。1.Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwasandwhenIwas14hesaid,“You’renevergoingtobeanythingbutafailure.”A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful2.DorothyBrownwasveryhappyasshesatinthetheatrelisteningtothemusic.TodayherlittledaughterLaurenwasgivingherfirstconcert.Shehadbeenwaitingforthismomentforyearsandyears.“Nowitishereatlast,”shethought.“Howbeautifulher___1___is.”ThesongmadehergobacktothedayswhenshewasLauren’sage.Asayounggirl,Dorothywantedtobeaconcertsinger.Shestudied___2___inFrance,ItalyandintheUnitedStates.“Youcanbecomeafine___3___inthefuture,”herteacherstoldher.“Butyoumustbepreparedtostudyhardandworkformanyyears.1.A.voiceB.faceC.dressD.life2.A.FrenchB.musicC.pianoD.dance3.A.actressB.studentC.singerD.dancer二、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题1.Ourfatherwasastrugglinglawyer,butIalwaysknewhewas.Henevercriticizedus,butused_____tobringoutourbest.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learnedA.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praise2.HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoftenaboutthat,EdrefusedtobuyaT-shirtortoloseweight.A.caredB.forgotC.quarreledD.jokedA.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker第2页共14页三、利用语篇标志解题常见语篇标志词语：结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；逻辑关系：thus,therefore,so；递进关系：besides,what’smore,further;转折关系：but,while,however,ontheotherhand等。Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.A.disappointingB.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.important因此，我们要善于找出（“三找”）：一找.逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进）二找.NOT（在原文中找not）三找.AND（在原文中找and）四、根据逻辑推理解题…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange______quitepleasanttaste.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.Owningspringsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe_______areaslikethedesert.A．dryB．distantC．desertedD．wild六、从语法角度来解题Iwentintoacaféandaskedforacoffee._____Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensedloneliness.A．BeforeB．SinceC．AlthoughD．While2.Haveyouevershoutedatateacher,toldsomeoneyouwerelonely,orsaidyouwereinlove,andthen______lateryouhadkeptyourmouthshut?23.A.wishedB.hopedC.blamedD.shared七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming___.Soheshouldn’thavegoneintothatplace.第3页共14页.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall八、从词语辨析的角度来解题When,twoweekslater,Ithissameboy,IwasmoreawareofmypositioninNigeriansociety.Ishouldenjoythiscountryasthesonofaminister.A.ranafterB.ranintoC.ranoverD.ranto九．根据找复现同现解题复现复现是一种词汇衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等形式，重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确答案。(1)原词复现。为了表达的需要，在具体的上下文中同一个单词重复出现。如：AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather______.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof______.Ifeltevenmorehelplesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbedifficulttogetajobwithoutexperience.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.helplessD.pleasedA.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help(2)同义词、近义词复现。同义词、近义词复现是借助意思相同或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来。如：Thatiswhatahobbymeans,Iguess.Itissomethingweliketodoinoursparetimesimplyforthe______ofit.Thevalueindollarsisnotimportant;wedoitforthepleasureitgivesus.A.benefitB.goodC.funD.interest(3)反义词复现。语意的连贯有时是通过对比结构而采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释，考生可以从反义的角度判断正确的选项。如：Forcingyourselftorecallalmostneverhelpsbecauseitdoesn’t______yourmoney;itonlytightensit.A.loosenB.weakenC.decreaseD.reduce(4)同源词复现。对于上下文语义复现的表达，还可借助复现信息的同源词或同根词。如：Manyteachersbelievethattheresponsibilitiesforlearningliewiththestudents.Ifalongreading第4页共14页assignmentisgiven,theinstructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwiththeinformationinthereading……Whenresearchis_________,theprofessorexpectsthestudenttotakeitactivelyandtocompleteitwithminimumguidance.A.collectedB.assignedC.distributedD.finished(5)上义词复现。上义词具有概括的作用。在篇章中，有时为了表达的需要，作者会先概述，再分述。概述时用的为上义词，分述则用比较具体的下义词，两者为总分关系。如：Othertimes,hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof:agriculture,divingandmathematics.A.questionsB.subjectsC.mattersD.contents同现同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一句话或同一语篇中，以确保语篇的和谐性、得体性。由于单词意义的差别、所使用的语境不同，因此所使用的上下文也各有差异。(1)场所同现。如：Ondays,sheworeheavyclothesandapairofwoolengloves.A.sunnyB.rainyC.cloudyD.snowy(2)修饰同现。如：Althoughthesewidemodernroadsaregenerally_______andwellmaintained,withlittlesharpcurvesandmanystraight________,adirectrouteisnotalwaysthemostenjoyableone.A.stableB.smoothC.splendidD.complicatedA.selectionsB.separationsC.seriesD.sections(3)因果同现。如：“Hooray!”shoutedthecrowd.ItwastheloudestIhadeverheardatameeting.Thefirst-placerunnerwastwolapsaheadofmewhenshecrossedthefinishingline.A.cheerB.shoutC.cryD.noise(4)结构同现。如：Sometimeshewouldinviteastudenttoagameofchess.,hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyofsubjects:agriculture,diving,mathematics.A.AsamatteroffactB.LateronC.OthertimesD.Ingeneral第5页共14页(5)同义同现。如：Ifastudenthasproblemwithclassroomwork,thestudentshouldeither_______aprofessorduringofficehoursormakeanappointment.A.greetB.attachC.approachD.annoy复现同现法解题综合练习：1.Travellingwest,yousetyourclock____;travellingeast,yousetitahead.A.behindB.forwardC.backD.ahead2.