(人教版)高中英语必修一：Unit-2-English-around-the-world直接引语和间

1表示命令、请求的句子的间接引语语法点拨概念引入“Lookatthisexample”theteachersaidtous.→Theteachertoldustolookattheexample.“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?”sheasked→Sheaskedmetoseeherflat祈使句的间接引语11.直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，多用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如：Thehostesssaidtous,“Pleasesitdown.”女主人跟我们说：“请坐。”→Thehostessaskedustositdown.女主人请我们坐下。Fathersaidtohim,“Goaway!”父亲对他说：“走开！”→Fatherorderedhimtogoaway.父亲命令他走开。(2018四川高考)IaskedMomtostayinthesittingroomandIcookedinthekitchen．我请妈妈在客厅里坐着，我在厨房做饭。2.注意祈使句如果是否定句，not多放在todosth.前。Hesaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”他说：“孩子们，别弄出这么多噪音。”→Hetoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.他告诉孩子们不要弄出这么大噪音。3.祈使句变成间接引语中，相应的时间状语、地点状语、人称、时态及动词等都要作相应的变化。Mothersaidtome,“Comebackbefore10:00.”母亲对我说：“十点前回来。”→Mothertoldmetogobackbefore10:00.母亲让我十点前回来。Shesaidtous,“Don’tdrinkthiswater.”她对我们说：“不要喝这个水。”→Sheorderedusnottodrinkthatwater.她命令我们不要喝那水。4.有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等动词转述，如：Hesaid,“Let’shavearest.”他说：“咱们休息一会儿吧。”→Hesuggestedourhavingarest.他建议我们休息一会儿。Hesaid,“Letmehelpyou.”他说：“让我帮你吧。”→Heofferedtohelpme.他表示愿意帮我。2祈使句的间接引语21.当直接引语形式上是表示请求、建议的疑问句，可用asksbtodosth./suggestdoing/advisesb.todosth.等形式转述。“Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?”heasked.他问：“你介意打开窗户吗？”→Heaskedmetoopenthedoor.他让我打开窗户。“Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook?”shesaidtome.她对我说：“请递给我那本书好吗？”→Sheaskedmetopassherthebook.她让我递给她那本书。“Whynotgooutforawalk?”heaskedus.“为什么不出去走走呢？”他问我们。→Headvisedustogooutforawalk.他劝我们出去走走。→Hesuggestedwegooutforawalk.他建议我们出去走走。2.直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如：Shesaid,“Whatalovelydayitis!”她说：“多好的天气啊！”→Shesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.她说天气多么好啊。→Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.她说这是一个好天气。【直接引语变间接引语】※步骤小结直接引语是祈使句变间接引语的：1.said/saidto变成begged/advised/asked/told/ordered/warned等可跟不定式作宾补的动词。2.呼语变宾语，please要去掉。3.Let’s开头的祈使句----另一种变法Isaidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”→Isuggestedtohimthatwe(should)startatonce.※小练习1.Themansaidtome,“Pleasesendforadoctornow!”Theman____me____foradoctor____.A.ordered…tosend…thenB.told…send…nowC.asked…tosend…thenD.asked…send…now2.Themothersaid,“Befriendlytoothers,son.”Themother______friendlytoothers.3A.askedhersonbeB.orderedhersontobeC.toldhersonbeD.toldhersontobe第一题选C。根据原句的语气，第一空排除A选项；根据ask/toldsb.todosth结构，排除B、D选项。第二题选D；根据原句的语气，第一空排除B选项order；根据ask/toldsb.todosth结构，排除A、C选项。※步骤小口诀-----祈使句变为间接引语一改（主句谓语动词）二变（呼语为宾语）三加（动词前加to）四去（please）■知识延伸：常用来引导间接引语的动词与句式引述别人的话时，常用下面的动词和句式来代替say或ask。动词+从句动词：add(又说),admit(承认),agree(同意),announce(宣布),believe(相信),boast(自夸),claim(声称),complain(抱怨),declare(宣布),deny(否认),explain(解释),insist(坚持),remind(提醒),suggest(建议),warm(警告),reply/answer(回答),repeat(重复)等Theycomplainedthatthepriceofbookshadincreased.他们抱怨说书的价格提高了。Tenysonsuggestedthatweshouldbuytheladyaflower.(2018福建高考)坦尼森建议我们应该给那位女士买花。Iexplainedthathisteacherhadnotseenitasagameandwasveryupset.（2018湖北高考）我解释说他的老师没有把它看成游戏，感到很不安。动词+if/whether动词：inquire(询问),wonder(想知道)Iinquiredwhetherthetrainwasontime.我问火车是否准时。Tedwonderedwhyhewaswantedbythepolice,buthewenttothestationyesterday.特德不知道为什么警方要他去,但昨天他去了警察局。动词+sb.todosth.动词：advise(劝说),beg(乞求),forbid(禁止),order(命令),promise(许诺),warn(警告)Theteacherorderedtheclasstocheckforerrors.老师命令班里学生检查一下错误。Theboyadvisedthegirlnottodrinkthatliquid.那个男孩儿劝那个女孩儿不要喝那种饮料。4动词+todosth.动词：agree（同意），offer（提议），promise（许诺），refuse（拒绝），threaten（威胁）Irefusetoanswerthatquestion.我不愿回答那个问题。Hisfatherthreatenedtobeattheboyifhestoleagain.男孩的父亲威胁说如果他再偷东西的话，就要揍他。动词+doingsth.动词：admit(承认),deny(拒绝),suggestHeadmitsbeingignorantofit.他承认忽视了这件事。Hesuggestedgoingoutforawalk.他建议出去走走。知识延伸：另类间接引语结构1.转述人们确信或传说的话时，常用句式：Itis/was+过去分词（said/believed/reported/known/supposed/...）+that...Peoplesay,“Somemushroomsarepoisonous.”人们说：“这些蘑菇有毒。”→It’ssaidthatsomemushroomsarepoisonous.据说有些蘑菇有毒。ItisreportedthatthatfamousactorhasgonetoEurope.据报道那个明星去欧洲了。2.上面这个句型可以变成：主语+is/was+过去分词（said/believed/reported/known/supposed/...）+todosth.（此句型中的主语是信息所涉及的人或物）Itisknownthatbearslikehoney.→Bearsareknowntolikehoney.据说熊喜欢蜂蜜。注意：如果所报道的事件在报道之前发生，todosth.要用完成式。Itissaidthathehasfinishedwritinganothernovel.→Heissaidtohavefinishedwritinganovel.据说他已经写完了另一本小说。巩固练习一、把下面的直接引语改为间接引语1.“Gotobedanddon’tgetuptillyouarecalled,”hisfatherordered.Hisfatherorderedhim________gotobedand________________getuptill________________called.2.“Don’tpassuntilthegreenlightison.”thepolicemansaidtohim.Thepoliceman______him________________passuntilthegreenlight________on.3.“Willyoupleasepassmethatbook？”heasked.Heasked________________I________pass________thatbook.4.“Whydon’tyougowithme？”heasked.Heaskedme________________________gowith________.5.“Dosomeshoppingforme,please,”hesaidtoher.He________hertodosomeshoppingfor________.6.“Makesurethedoorislocked，”shesaid.She________metomakesurethedoorwaslocked.7.Shesaidtohim,“Waitamoment.”She_______amoment.58.“Wouldyoupleasetellmeastory?”littleTomsaidtohismother.LittleTom_____tellhimastory.9.“Wouldyoupleasenotputyourbaghere?”hesaidtothewomanHe___________________________bagthere.10.Hesaidtohisson,“Moveyourchairalittlebitclosertome.”_________________________________________二、单项填空1.Mary’sfathertoldherthathe________toChinain1996.A.wentB.hadgoneC.havegoneD.go2.Host:Mr.Black,introduceyourselftous,please.”Secretary:(