上海高考英语语法复习10定语从句ppt课件

定语从句英语语法复习十1•定语从句（形容词性从句）在句中做____成分，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即_____。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。定语先行词2关系代词：主语宾语定语指人指物who/that(whom/who/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whose/ofwhich关系副词：where,when,why准关系代词：as,but,than3限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别•Iwon’tforgettheplacewhereIwasborn.•Iwon'tforgetShanghai,whereIwasborn.•TheGreatWall,whichwasbuiltinancienttimes,isoneofthewondersintheworld.1）限制性定语从句是先行词____去掉的部分，去掉它主句意思往往__明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的____，去掉了也____影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用_____分开。2）当先行词是_______或__________的事物和人时，用非限制性定语从句。3）关系代词that,than,but；关系副词why，只用于________定语从句。不可不补充说明不会专有名词世上独一无二限制性逗号4关系代词引导的定语从句1．that,which引导的定语从句•Theylikethetrees____________theyplanted.•Isthereanything_____Icandoforyou?•Thisisthecoolestcellphone_____Ihaveeverseen.•Thisistheverylaptop______Iamdyingfor.•Theytalkedofthingsandpersons______theyremembered.•Whoistheman_____istalkingtoJohn?•Theflatin______shelivesisalargeone.(which/that)(that)(that)(that)(that)thatwhich5*必须用that的情况1）先行词是不定代词，或被不定代词修饰时。如：______________________________________________________________________________2）先行词被序数词，如：______________________，或形容词高级修饰时。3）先行词被___________________________修饰时。4）先行词既指____又指____时。5）为了避免重复，主句中已有疑问词___________时。6）当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作______时。翻译：中国已经不是以前的中国了。_________________________________________something,everything,anything,nothing,much,few,little,none,any,all,theoneetc.first,last,nexttheonly,thevery人物which/who表语Chinaisnotthecountrythatitusedtobe.6*必须用which的情况•在_________定语从句中。•当关系代词前有_____时。非限制性介词72．who,whom引导的定语从句•Theman_________toldmethenewsrefusedtogivemehisname.•Theman__________________youweretalkingabouthascometoinspectourschool.=Themanabout___________youweretalkinghascometoinspectourschool.•Godhelpsthose_______helpthemselves.who/that(whom/who/that)whomwho8Conclusionwho在从句中通常作________，也可作________；whom在从句中作__________________。当先行词为those/one/he时，指人通常用_______。主语宾语宾语或介词宾语who93．whose,ofwhich引导的定语从句__________sides•Thepath____________thesidesthesides_____________arecoveredwithtreesextendstotheforest.whoseofwhichofwhich10关系代词的省略1）在限制性定语从句中充当______________的关系代词可以省略。2）当关系代词充当介词宾语时，若该介词位于从句中相应动词___________，则可以省略；若该介词位于关系代词____________，则不可以省略。e.g.Theflat________________shelivesinisalargeone.Theflatin_________shelivesisalargeone.3）way后面引导定语从句的_________________可以省略。（注意：连词在从句中充当方式状语）e.g.That’stheway_______________________heansweredthequestion.动词宾语之后之前(that/which)whichthat/inwhich(inwhich/that)11Today’sEventsDec.9•Dictation•Check动词练习&一模卷•Check关系代词练习•Learn关系副词12关系副词引导的定语从句•Ishallneverforgettheday_______________mydaughterwasborn.•Thecompany________________Iworkisnotfarfromhere.•Theywereinadifficultsituation__________________alleffortswereinvain.(白费)•Wedon’tknowthereason__________________thedoctordidn’tcome.when/onwhichwhere/inwhichwhere/inwhichwhy/forwhich13Conclusionwhen指代时间，在从句中作________________；where在从句中作______________，也可表示场合，情况或方面的名词，如：____________________________________；why引导的定语从句常修饰reason，作_________。关系副词在从句中作状语，可转换成________________形式。但在非限制性定语从句中，“_________________”结构不能代替关系副词。e.g.Theysetupastatefortheirown,_______theywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.时间状语地点状语case,condition,situation,point,position原因状语介词+which介词+whichwhere14判断关系代词与关系副词•Thisisthemountainvillage___________Istayedlastyear.•Thisisthemountainvillage________________Ivisitedlastyear.•I’llneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedtogetherwithyou.•Iwillneverforgetthedays_______________Ispentinthecountryside.用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于_____________________where(which/that)when(which/that)定语从句中所缺的成分15比较下列相似结构的句子•Isthisschool______________youvisitedtheotherday？•Isthisschool______________youvisitedyouruncletheotherday？•Isthistheschool________________youvisitedtheotherday？•Isthistheschool________________youvisitedyouruncletheotherday？theone(that)where(that/which)where16介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句判断介词是否用对的一个有效方法是：定语从句中____________＋___________＋____________是否通顺，如果通顺则说明介词选对了。•Thegirl_______whomyouworkishisgirlfriend.•Thegoals______whichhehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.•She’smarriedtoaphysician______whomyoumayhaveheard.•Hehasgivenmesomereferencebooks________whichIamnotfamiliar.谓语动词介词先行词withforofwith17熟悉一些短语，准确使用介词如：withone’shelp→withwhosehelp，inone’shonor→inwhosehonor，inthiscase→inwhichcase•Weextendedourwarmwelcometothevisitingdelegation_______________honoragrandbanquetwasgiven.•Hemaybelate,_______________caseweoughttowaitforhim.•Helenalwayslendsherwarmhandtome,_______________helpIcansuccessfullypassalltheexaminations.inwhoseinwhichwithwhose18•有些“动词＋介词”构成的短语动词被看成是不可分割的整体，介词______（能/不能）移到关系代词前。如：________________________________________________________•翻译：护士们正在照看的婴儿非常健康。________________________________________________________lookafter,lookfor,putoff,giveup,takecareof,payattentionto,callon,putupwith不能Thebabies(whom/who)thenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.19名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级+介词+关系代词引导定语从句•Shehaswrittenabook,thenameof___________hasbeenforgotten.•Therearefiftystudentsinourclass,allof_____________areworkinghard.•Therearefivecontinentsintheworld,thelargestof____________isAsia.whichwhomwhich20as的用法1．引导限制性定语从句：as…as;such…as;so…as;thesame…as*区别1：（填