精读4unit12配套课件

OnwardsandUpwardsTheEconomistReinforcementTextAnalysisOnwardsandUpwardsBackgroundWarmingupUnit12Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWBTRWarmingupOnwardsandUpwardsUnit12•Whichofthecurvesareyoumostcomfortablewith?Howwillyouaccountforyourchoice?•Doesthecurvehavetogoupward?WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesOnwardandUpward0510152025301234567891011OnwardUpwardWarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesDoesthisunit“OnwardsandUpwards”dealwiththesamesubjectasUnit8“EconomicGrowthisaPathtoPerdition”?Whyorwhynot?WBTR•PleasetranslatethefollowingintoEnglishCheck-onPreviewWarmingup不负所望重筑信仰扭转局势停滞不强不敢苟同TreadwaterRestoreone’sfaithBegtodifferTipthebalanceDeliverthegoodsObjectives•Developahistoricalperspectiveof“Progress”•Evaluatevarioussourcesofprogress•Discusshumandestiny•DevelopaproperunderstandingofprogressWBTRWarmingupBackgroundEnlightenmentHistoriographyofProgressBWTROnwardsandUpwardsUnit12•Origin:Latinprogressus,meaninganadvance“•HistoriographyAncientGreece:thetheoryofworld-cyclesorthedoctrineofeternalreturnEpicureans,XenophanesandPlato:seedsforProgressRenaissance:curiosityandindividualpotentialtobeGod-likeEnlightenment:scientificandsocietaladvanceAmericanRevolution:progresspotentialsoftheEmpireofLibertyBackgroundHistoriographyofProgressEnlightenment•Aculturalmovementofintellectualsinthe17thand18thcenturies•FirstinEuropeandlaterintheAmericancolonies.•Purpose:toreformsocietyusingreason,challengeideasgroundedintraditionandfaith,andadvanceknowledgethroughthescientificmethod.•For:science,skepticism,intellectualinterchange•Against:superstition,intolerance,abusesbychurchandstate.BackgroundEnlightenmentGreatMindsinEnlightenmentBackgroundEnlightenmentBaruchSpinozaJohnLockePierreBayleIsaacNewtonVoltaireVoltaireRousseauMontesquieuBenjaminFranklinDetailedAnalysisStructureThemeTextAnalysisTWBROnwardsandUpwardsUnit12TextAnalysisThemeHowdoyouunderstand“…theideaofprogresshasbecomeimpoverished”?Whydopeopleargueso?Howshall“Progress”bedefined?Whatdoyouthinkishumandestiny?TWBRI.Theconceptofprogress:NowandThen(paras.1-6)II.Problemswiththeconceptof“Progress”(paras.9–21)III.Silver-line:Moralsensibilityandgovernance(paras.22-28)TextAnalysisStructureTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisMainIdeaSentenceParaphraseWords&ExpressionsExerciseIIIIIITWBRTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:TheconceptofprogressNowandThen(paras.1-6)MainIdeaWhatisthenewargumentaboutprogress?Canyougiveanyconcreteexamplesfor“moralsandsocietyaretreadingwateror…sinkingbackintodecadenceandbarbarism”?Politicalleft•Acceptorsupportsocialequality•Opposesocialhierarchyandsocialinequality•Biggovernment•Society:Progressivism•Economy:Keynesianism/Marxism•EnvironmentalismTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPoliticalright•Acceptorsupportsocialhierarchyandsocialinequality•Believeinequalitytobenaturalandevendesirable•Smallgovernment•Society:Conservatismandtraditionalism•Economy:Laissez-fairecapitalismTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWhatdidoptimistsintheEnlightenmentandthe19thcenturythinkofhumandestiny:HappyandworthylivesAbetterworldWhatwasthebigquestionthen?Howtobringaboutprogress•Howtolivehappyandworthylives?AnswersSalvationHistoryandevolutionHuman’sself-improvementPoliticalreformEducationScienceCommerceTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis•Whatevidenceispresentedtoshow“It’sGettingBetterAlltheTime”?LongevityMultipliedincomeLiteracySocialjusticeMedicaldevelopmentTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisProblem:Progress＞StatisticsTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:SentenceParaphrase•Thepopularviewisthat,althoughtechnologyandGDPadvance,moralsandsocietyaretreadingwateror,dependingonyourchoiceofnewspaper,sinkingbackintodecadenceandbarbarism.(Para.1)stayinginasituationwithoutmakinganyprogressPeoplegenerallybelievethatwhiletechnologiesareconstantlyupgradedandeconomycontinuestogrow,thesamedoesnotapplytomoralityandsociety.Peopleofdifferentpoliticalaffiliationsevenbelievethathumanbeingsarefallingbacktothedayswhentheywereuncivilizedbarbarians.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:Words&ExpressionsWordsPhrasesSentencePatternimpoverishscopecontainrestoretraversetreadwatertipthebalance…”progress”comeswith…Dosth.,andsb/sth.will…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:Exercise•TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingwordsinthebrackets.–股价在从低点大幅反弹后已开始了原地踏步。(treadwater)–Afterrisingsharplyfromthelows,stockpriceshavestartedtotreadwater.–以上这些都不在本文的论述范围之内。(scope)–Allofthoseabovementionedarebeyondthescopeofthisarticle.•Inadditiontothesestatistics,whatelsedoesprogressdenote?happinessfulfillment•Doyouagree?Whyorwhynot?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartII:Problemswiththeconceptof“Progress”(paras.9–21)MainIdeaTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisSentenceParaphrase•Peoplebornintherichworldtodaythinktheyaredueamodicumofhealth,prosperityandequality.Theyadvanceagainstthatstandard…(Para.8)areentitledto,haveearnedPeoplefromtherichcountriesbelievetheyhaveareentitledtoreasonablygoodhealth,economicwellbeingandequalrights.prosperityandequality,andtheyexpecttoachievethemintheirlife…inanticipationofDue:Employeesofthiscompanyareduethreeweeksfullypaidholidaysayear.•