您好,欢迎访问三七文档
简化状语从句•在复合句中,常常根据主句和从句的关系把复合句分为名词性从句、副词性从句(即通常所说的状语从句)及形容词性从句(即通常所说的定语从句)。就状语从句而言,有时为了使句子言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行“简化”。状语从句的“简化”现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考题中的复现率也较高,因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻地了解。状语从句的“简化”现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if,unless,whether等引导的让步状语从句;②由although,though,evenif/though,wh-ever等引导的让步状语从句;③由when,while,as,before,after,until/till,once等引导的时间状语从句;④由as,asif等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由as,than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对状语从句的“简化”现象归纳讲解。一、当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be可完全简化掉。例如:If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。Youmustattendthemeetingontimeunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.除非情况对你不便,否则你必须出席这个会议。二、当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下情形:1.连词+形容词As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小时候就学会了怎样骑自行车。Whenever(sheis)free,sheoftengoesshopping.她有空就去购物。Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。2.连词+名词While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.他在孩提时代,就乐于助3.连词+不定式Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.他站起来好像要说点什么。Hewouldn'tsolvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.即使他来负责也解决不了这个问题。4.连词+介词短语Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去很焦虑,就好像是遇到了麻烦。HehadmasteredtheEnglishlanguagebefore(hewas)intheUSA.他到美国之前就精通英语了。注意:若从句主语和主句主语不一致,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:Whenthemeetingwasover,allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting-place.当会议结束时,所有的人都走出了会场。(=Themeetingover,...)当时间状语从句、原因状语从句和条件状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,可将从句变为分词短语状语。原主句的主语成为分词的逻辑主语。改写方法如下:1.当从句的谓语动词是主动语态的一般时态或进行时态时,变从句为一般式的现在分词。Whenshesawthejewels,shejumpedwiththejoy.Seeingthejewels,shejumpedwiththejoy.•2.从句的谓语部分是“be+形容词或名词”的系表结构时,变从句为“Being+表语”的现在分词短语。•Ashewasseriouslyill,hewenthome.•Beingseriouslyill,hewenthome.3.从句的谓语动词是被动语态的一般时态时,变从句为过去分词短语。AstheyareledbytheParty,thepeoplehavegreatlyimprovedtheirlivingcondition.LedbytheParty,thepeoplehavegreatlyimprovedtheircondition.4.从句的谓语部分是“be+过去分词”的系表结构时,变从句为过去分词短语。Ashewasfilledwithnewideas,theyoungmaninventedmanykindsofmodernmachines.Filledwithnewideas,theyoungmaninventedmanykindsofmodernmachines.5.从句的谓语动词是完成时态,变从句为完成式的现在分词短语。AsIhaveseenhimbefore,Ieasilyrecognizedhim.Havingseenhimbefore,Ieasilyrecognizedhim.6.从句是after引导的,谓语动词是一般时态,也变从句为完成式的现在分词短语。Aftershelitacandle,shewentout.Havinglitacandle,shewentout.7.从句是否定句时,把从句变成否定分词短语,即“not+分词短语”Ashedidn’tknowwhattodo,heaskedmeforhelp.Notknowingwhattodo,heaskedmeforhelp.•8.从句跟在主句后时,改写后的分词短语置以句首。例如:•Theparklooksverybeautifulwhenitisseenfromthehill.•Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.•9.从句是名词作主语时,应将这个名词调换到主句的主语位置。例如:•Asthefactorywasregardedasthebestoneinthecity,itwasgivenamedal.•Regardedasthebestoneinthecity,thefactorywasgivenamedal.•10.如果由when或while引导的从句的时态是现在进行时,从句可变成“现在分词”,置以句首、句尾皆可。•Theywavedagainandagaintous,when(while)theywereleavingtheairport.•When(While)leavingtheairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.11.if引导的条件状语从句,谓语是一般时态,应用现在分词作条件状语.例如:Ifyoulistentotheexpert,youwillcertainlysucceed.Listeningtotheexpert,youwillcertainlysucceed.
本文标题:如何简化状语从句
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-6772112 .html