初中英语定语从句课件

定语从句概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisabeautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.关系代词which,who,whom,whose,that先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词（通常是名词或代词）关系词的作用：1.引导定语从句2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。定语从句：先行词+关系词(that/which/who)+从句修饰定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.先行词关系词指人that(作主语、宾语或表语)who(作主语、宾语或表语)whom(作宾语)指物that(作主语、宾语或表语)which(作主语或宾语)有时可代替whom作宾语who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.分解作主语Whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovisitthewoman.分解作宾语whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.下列情况只能用that1.当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。eg.TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.2.当先行词是指物的little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,theone,everything,等不定代词时。Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow.1.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。E.g:Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。5.先行词为人和物的组合。E.g:Theytalkedforanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.E.g:Whichofthebooksthatyouborrowedfromthelibraryisthemostinteresting?6.若主句中有疑问代词who或者which,为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which，而用that。Ilovetheschool_____Ihavestudiedinforthreeyears.（2013湖南衡阳）A.whereB.whenC.that【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是theschool，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，只能选关系词that，即C。—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthering_____myhusbandboughtmelastyear.(2012山东滨州)A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词thering指物，观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词，故选A。—Whatshallwedonext?—Taketheadvice_____isgivenbyDr.Bloch.(2012福建泉州)A.whoB.whichC.whose【解析】由先行词theadvice可知，应用引导物的关系词，选项B符合。Pleasepassmethecartoonbook____hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.(2012天津)A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which【解析】考查which引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为cartoonbook，指物，所以应该用关系词which。It’sinterestingthattherearemanypeople_____speakFrenchinCanada.(2012四川成都)A.whichB.whereC.who【解析】由先行词people可知，此题考查who引导的定语从句。句意为：“在加拿大有许多人说法语，真是有趣。”—Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill.—Soweshoulddosomething____canhelpstopsmoking.(2012广西玉林)A.whatB.whoC./D.that【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是something，根据规则，见到这类不定代词应用that，故选D。I’vefoundsomepicturesofthemostinterestingplaces____youcanvisitduringthewinterholidays.(2009山东烟台)A.whereB.whichC.whatD.that【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词places在从句中作visit的宾语，且前有最高级修饰，故用关系代词that。I.单项选择。1.-Doyouknowthegirl____isstandingthere?-Sheismylittlesister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which2.-CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutZhengHe?-Sure.HewasaMingDynastyexplorer_____theChinesepeopleareproudof.A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.where3.Thisisthecity_____Ivisited10yearsago.A.whereB./C.whoD.why4.ShaolinTemple____liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what5.-Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike？-Ilikemusic_____Icansingalongwith.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.why6.I’masportsfan.I’minterestedineverything____isaboutsports.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where7.Wearetalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist_____wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.that8.Ihatepeople_____areonlynicetoyouwhentheywantsomething!A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom9.Don’tforgettobringthebook____youboughtlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what10.Isthegirl____youtalkedwithjustnownewhere?A.howB.whoC.whoseD.which1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.11.Thestories_____werewrittenbyMarkTwainareoftenhumorous.(2015广州)A.thatB.thoseC.whoD.what12.Wedon’tlikepeople_____talktoomuchbutneverdoanything.(2015克拉玛依)A.whoseB.whoC.whenD.which4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalittleboy.thatthatthat•修饰人时关系代词that和who,whom的区分。•当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。•eg.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere?•在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom。•eg.Ihaveason,whoisreallylovelyandinteresting.•Thereare40studentsintheclass,mostofwhomareboys.•关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。•eg.SheisthegirlwhoseEnglishsoundsverybeautiful.•Maryhasaverygooddog,whosehairturnsoutwhiteandblack.•关系副词when,where,why的用法以及与关系代词的区分。•关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词。•eg.Iwon’tforgetthetimewhenIgotmarried.•Haveyoustillrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogether?•Thisistheplacewherewehadagoodtime.•IsthisthehousewhereMrSmithlives?•Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhewon’tjoinus.•Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tcometosweeptheclassroom?•关系副词when,where和关系代词that,which的区分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用whe