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全方位课外辅导体系ComprehensiveTutoringOperationSystem1全方位教学辅导教案学科:英语任课教师:授课时间:星期:学生张蕾性别女年级初三总课时:小时第1次课教学内容宾语从句(Objectclauses)重点难点掌握引导宾语从句的引导词掌握宾语从句的语序掌握宾语从句主句与从句时态上的呼应教学目标掌握宾语从句的引导词:that,who,whether,if,what,how,when,where掌握宾语从句的语序:主句+引导词+主语+谓语掌握宾语从句主句与从句时态上的呼应掌握宾语从句的标点能综合运用宾语从句课前检查与交流作业完成情况:交流与沟通全方位课外辅导体系ComprehensiveTutoringOperationSystem2教学过程针对性授课一、宾语从句的概念句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或者动词不定式充当,当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。例如:Ilikemyteacher.Iknowhim.IknowthatMrLiteachesEnglish.句子结构:主句+引导词(连接词)+宾语从句二、宾语从句三要素1.引导宾语从句的连接词(从属连接词和连接代词);2.宾语从句的语序;3.宾语从句的时态(一)连接词(引导词)1、连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。eg.Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.2、连词if、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。eg.Tomdon’tknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:①在不定式前:Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.②在介词前:Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.③与ornot连用:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.④做主语:whetherhewillcomeisnotdecided.3、连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor.PleasetellmewhenwewillhaveameetingCouldyoutellmehowicangettothebusstationWouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate【注意】由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg.Idon’tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.Idon’tknowhowtodowiththepresents.练习:Canyoutellmehowicangettothestation?(二)语序宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”(正常的主谓语序)全方位课外辅导体系ComprehensiveTutoringOperationSystem3eg:Pleasetellmewhereicanbuythebeautifulflowers.DoyouknowwhatthepopulationofChinais?注意事项:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时,语序不变,例如:What’swrong(withyou)?What’sthematter?What’shappening?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?练习:翻译句子完成下列宾语从句:1.Pleasetellme_______________________.(我们什么时候开会)2.Canyoutellme_______________.(他在哪儿)3.Couldyoutellme______________________.(我该怎么去车站)4.Wouldyoutellme_________________(为什么火车迟到了)5.Iwanttoknow_____________________.(他是否跟我们一起去公园)6.Askhim_____________________.(他是否能来)7.Idon'tknow___________________________.(是否要下雨答案:1.Pleasetellmewhenwearegoingtohaveameeting.(我们什么时候开会)2.Canyoutellmewhereheis?(他在哪儿)3.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?(我该怎么去车站)4.Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?(为什么火车迟到了)5.Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillgototheparkwithus.(他是否跟我们一起去公园)6.Askhimifhecancome.(他是否能来)7.Idon'tknowwhetheritwillrain(ornot).(是否要下雨)(三)、时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定,可以是任何时态。Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewewillgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。Eg:HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情况:1.从句说明的是客观真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时,仍用一般现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2.从句中有具体时间状语,即使从句动作发生在主句动作前,仍然用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.全方位课外辅导体系ComprehensiveTutoringOperationSystem42.[即学即练]子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidnotknow______there__________ameetinginfivedays.4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow___________________________French.5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaChaoMr.ZhaoaskedMaChao______________________________homeworkyet.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_____________________________inthepicture?8.Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?三、其他需要说明的问题:a.从句的主语如果是第一人称,变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致;如果是第二人称,则与主句的宾语一致;如果是第三人称,不用变化。如:(一主二宾三不变)“MayIuseyourknife?”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句,用句号;主句是疑问句,用问号。如:Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow?Wheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?四、宾语从句和状语从句的区分:eg.1)Iwillgoouttomorrowifitisfine.2)Idon’tknowifthetrainhasarrived.句1中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”,修饰主句。整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去。句2中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词don’tknow的宾语。整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。判断方法:1、可以从整个句式看。状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(个别除外),宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。2、从引导词看。if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。3、从时态看。if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。if和when充当从属连词时,引导条件和时间状语从句,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。全方位课外辅导体系ComprehensiveTutoringOperationSystem5练习:1.SheaskedmeifIknew_______.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit2.Idon'tknow_______hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.WhetherB.whereC.whatD.when3.Idon'tknow______hewillcometomorrow._______hecomes,I'lltellyou.A.if,whetherB.whether,whetherC.if,ThatD.if,If4.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow________.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whereisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockinginD.whatintheirstockings五、宾语从句的转化1.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree
本文标题:初三宾语从句教案
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